
Qass. 
Book- 



MunstU's 
s^tatorurtl Series. 



ORDERLY BOOK 



Xieut (Stn. *Jol)n i^urgopne. 



^2.^-\^ 



ENTRY INTO THE STATE OF NEW YORK UNTIL HIS 
SURRENDER AT SARATOGA, i6tH OCT., IJJJ. 

FROM THE ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT DEPOSITED AT WASHING- 
TON'S HEAD QUARTERS, NEWBURGH, N. Y. 

EDITED BY 

E. B. O'CALLAGHAN, M. D. 




ALBANT, N. T.: 
J. MUNSELL, 78 STATE STREET. 

M, D. CCC. LX. 




TO 



OF STRJCUSE, N. Y. 




^HE Battle of Saratoga has 
always attra6led a large fliare 
ot intelligent and interefted at- 
tention. Its important refults 
have induced a recent Englifh 
author to clafs it, preeminently, among 
the Fifteeft Decijive Battles of the World. ' 



I Nor can any military 
event be faid to have exer- 
cifed more important in-' 
fluence on the future for- 
tunes of mankind than the 
complete defeat of Bur- 
goyne's Expedition in 
1777; a defeat which ref- 
cued the revolted colonifts 
from certain fubjeftion, and 
which, by inducing the 



courts of France and Spain 
to attack England in their 
behalf, infured the inde- 
pendence of the United 
States, and the formation 
of that tranfatlantic power 
whicTi not only America, 
but both Europe and Afia 
now fee' and feel. — ■Creqfy, 
p. 312, Am. ed. 



/<=2. 



vi Dedication. 

In our own country, its name ftill ftirs the 
blood, warmly and proudly, in the popu- 
lar heart. The intereft that thus attaches 
to the fubje6l has led to the publication 
of numerous official, and other Documents, 
relating to the Expedition of Burgoyne, 
and its unfuccelTful termination. The 
Publi£her feels that he cannot err, in the 
opinion that that intereft will yet juftify 
an addition to our authentick printed 
memorials of thefe events ; and, in that 
belief, he takes much pleafure in laying 
before the Publick the Orderly Book of 
General Burgoytte' s Expedition. 

The Leader of this memorable Expedi- 
tion has publifhed to the World his 
Narrative of the Invafion, and his Apology 
for its failure. The prefent official pro- 
gramme of his daily movements, daguerreo- 
typing, as it were, the occurrences and 
events of the march, almofl makes us 
fpedlators of the changing fcene. We look 



Dedication. vii 

not through media, colored by the incenfe 
of partiaHty, or darkened by the fmoke 
of prejudice \ but, viewing thefe events of 
the pafi: in their own truthful light, we 
are enabled to exercife our individual 
judgment, and form conclufions altogether 
our own. The very nature of an Orderly 
Book, its flridly practical, almoft common- 
place character, gives a peculiar truft- 
worthinefs to the opinions formed from 
its perufal : and in cafes like the prefent 
one, whether the verdid: be of approval 
or of cenfure, we cannot doubt that it is 
both unbiafled and juft. 

In addrefting. Sir, to you, the following 
pages, the Publifher would delire to make 
a publick acknowledgment of his thanks 
for the interefl: you have lliown in bringing 
this fubjed: to his notice ; and likewife for 
the many kind offices which a library 
rich in varied treafures of genius and art, 
a difcriminating tafte and profound hifto- 



viii Dedication. 

rical refearch, have enabled you to render, 
in the courfe of his publication of books 
kindred to this in their antique ftyle and 
hiftorical fubje6t. 

J. M. 

Albany, Oct. i860. 



CONTENTS. 

Dedication, _________ v 

Biographical Sketch of Lt. Gen. John Burgoyne, ix 
Orderly Book, -__--_-__ i 
Papers Relating to the Convention, - - - 132 
Appendix, _________ j^^ 

Index, ----------- ig2 



PLATES. 

To face 

Map of the Route of the Expedition, Title. 

Portrait of Gen. Burgoyne, ix 

v) Medal of the Surrender of Gens. Burgoyne 

and Cornwallis, 191 

■^ Portrait of Baron Riedefel, 192 

J Portrait of Gen. Schuyler, "I 

\ Carton. 
^ Portrait of Harriet Ackland, J 




L"!" CEN. BURGOYNE, 



'2 '>-u-u-^^k 




INTRODUCTION. 




N prefenting to the Public a volume 
containing mainly Orders iflued 
from day to day, to an Army on 
its march, fome apology may be 
deemed proper, were it not that 
the interefts involved in the march 
of that Army were of fuch vaft 
magnitude as not only to juftify, but to exad the 
prefervation of every record, however trivial and 
minute, of every well eftablilhed incident and circum- 
ftance connefted with its progrefs and operations. 

The people of the Colonies had already been two years 
arrayed in hoftility againft England ; the Declaration 
of Independence had been nearly twelve months before 
the world, yet fo far from decided was the refult of 
the conteft, that no Court in Europe dared as yet 
B 



xii IntroduEiion. 

to acknowledge that Independence, or to rifk a Treaty 
with America. 

It was at this feafon of gloom, uncertainty and 
doubt, when many good men already hefitated, and 
fome had even defpaired, that Great Britain gathered 
up her ftrength afrefh, evoked her power at home and 
exerted her influence abroad, for one combined and 
overwhelming movement that would, fhe promifed 
herfelf, forever crufh the giant nation ftruggling to 
be born. 

As Commander of the Northern Divifion of this 
movement, the miniftry had feledied an officer who had 
already diftinguifhed himfelf in the field ; whofe merit, 
they admitted, it had been their care to cherifh; dif- 
covering it in its growth and rewarding it in its pro- 
grefs by raifing him above his feniors in the fervice.' 

John Burgoyne, the Officer in queftion, was a man 
not only of obfcure birth, but even of doubtful parent- 
age. He is faid, upon what authority does not appear, 
to have been the illegitimate fon of Lord Bingley. Be 
this as it may, his education was of the moft liberal kind, 
and it is not improbable that he was either deftined for, 
or had refolved upon, the profeffion of arms, at a very 
early period. Whilfl yet a fubaltern, without any fortune 
but his fword, he had the rare good luck to engage the 
afFeftions of, and run away with, Lady Charlotte Stanley, 

I Speech of Lord North. Hanfard's Pari. Hi/}., xix, 1222, 



IntroduBion. xiii 

youngeft daughter of Edward, loth Earl of Derby, 
whom he married. This connexion fecured doubtlefs 
for Burgoyne in after life, much of that favour to 
which his advancement in his profeffion was owing. 
He was commiffioned Captain in the nth Dragoons, 
14th June, 1756 ; and on the 10th of May, 1758, was 
raifed to the brevet rank of Lieutenant Colonel. In 
the Auguft of 1759, ^^ ^^^ appointed Lieutenant 
Colonel commandant of the i6th Light Dragoons. 
With this regiment he ferved in 1761, at Belleifle, 
where, during the fiege of Palais, he was entrufted 
with a negotiation for an exchange of prifoners. 

A more bufy fervice awaited him upon his return 
home. Spain had now acceded to the family compaft, 
and after vain endeavours to draw over Portugal from 
its alliance with England, had refolved to attack that 
country in the hope of an eafy conqueft : a hope 
which arofe from her convidtion of the weak and un- 
difciplined ftate of the Portuguefe army. In this 
exigency Great Britain haftened to the fuccour of an 
ally, who had preferred the chance of utter ruin to the 
fhame of having violated her faith. 

The troops deftined for this fervice arrived in the 
Tagus on the 6th of May. They were immediately 
marched to join the Portuguefe army, under the com- 
mand of the Count de la Lippe Buckeburg, and took 
the field in the courfe of July. The campaign had 



xiv IntrodiiBio7t. 

been commenced by the Spaniards on the fide of Tras 
OS Montes, in which province Miranda, Braganza, 
and fome other towns, had fallen into their hands. 
They next refolved to proceed againft Oporto, but 
this defign was fruftrated by the bravery of the peafants, 
who took poffeffion of the defiles, and compelled the 
Spanifh army to a diforderly retreat. Difappointed 
in this quarter the enemy turned their fteps towards 
the province of Beira, and laid fiege to the frontier 
town of Almeida, which, after a fhort defence, fell into 
their hands through the imbecility and cowardice of its 
governor. Their army now approached the Tagus, 
the only direftion in which an invader can penetrate to 
the capital, all other accefs being rendered nearly, if 
not quite imprafticable, by immenfe chains of moun- 
tains, and other natural obfl;rud:ions. 

To fecond the operations of this army, by an incur- 
fion into Alemtejo, or by advancing on the oppofite 
fide of the Tagus, and thus to difl;rad: the attention of 
the Portuguefe, already but too feeble in point of 
numbers, a body of troops was beginning to aflemble 
in Spanifh Eftramadura, at the town of Valencia de 
Alcantara. It confifted at prefent of about 1200 men. 
Well knowing that if this force were fuflTered to in- 
creafe, it would embarrafs him very confiderably, the 
Count de la Lippe, who was encamped at Abrantes, 
formed the bold defign of attacking and difperfing it 
before it aflumed a more formidable afped. 



IntroduBion. xv 

The execution of this plan was confided to Bur- 
goyne, who then held the rank of Brigadier. No 
inconfiderable difficulties ftood in the way of this 
enterpriie ; but the fpirit of the commander was not 
of a nature to be deprefled by fuch confiderations. 
He croffed the Tagus, at midnight on the 23d, and 
with 400 of his own regiment, was joined as he ad- 
vanced by one or two fmall detachments, and after a 
laborious march of more than fifteen leagues, per- 
formed through bad roads, and without halting, he 
arrived on the morning of the 26th at fome diftance 
from the town of Alcantara. His intention had been 
to furprife the place before break, of day, but he now 
found that from the delay, occafioned by the ignorance 
of the guides, the dawn was at hand, and his fcheme 
would be fruftrated if he waited till his whole divifion 
could cooperate in the attack. He, therefore, boldly 
puftied forward with his dragoons alone. This audacity 
was favoured by fortune. At the head of his handful 
of foldiers he entered the town with fuch determined 
refolution, that the guards in the fquare were all killed 
or made prifoners before they could take arms, and 
the ends of the ftreets were fecured after a trifling re- 
fiftance. Some parties, having rallied, attempted to 
return to the charge ; but their lives paid the forfeit 
of their temerity. A firing was for a Ihort time kept 
up from the windows. It was, however, put a flop to, 



xvi IntrodnSiion. 

by the menace of fetting the town in flames, at the four 
corners, if the doors and windows were not inftantly 
thrown open. Parties were immediately fent out to 
purfue fuch of the enemy as had efcaped into the 
country, and in this fervice their fuccefs was very 
confiderable. 

In this gallant adtion the lofs of the Englifh was 
fcarcely worthy of notice ; while on the other hand, 
that of the Spaniards was remarkably fevere. Many 
prifoners were taken, among whom was the Spanifh 
general, and the regiment of Seville was totally de- 
ftroyed. Three ftandards, with a large quantity of 
arms and ammunition, fell into the hands of the vi(5tors. 
In confequence of the ftrift difcipline obferved by the 
Britifh, very little was fufFered by the town or inhabit- 
ants. The generofity and gallantry of Burgoyne were 
indeed fubjefts of praife among the Spanifh officers 
themfelves. From the Count de la Lippe they re- 
ceived, in the public orders of the day, the higheft 
encomiums. 

All danger was thus at an end on the fide of Alemtejo ; 
but it was not fo on the other bank of the Tagus, where 
their immenfe fuperiority of numbers enabled the 
Spaniards to obtain a footing, though but a trifling 
one, in Portuguefe Eftramadura, and make a fome- 
what nearer approach to the capital. Early in October 
they attacked the old Moorifh caftle of Villa Velha, 



IntrodiiEiion. xvii 

and the defiles of St. Simon. The caftle was, for a 
confiderable time, fupported acrofs the river bv Briga- 
dier Burgovne, who was ported near Nifla and the 
Tagus. It was, however, at laft compelled to furren- 
der, the enemy having contrived to turn the pofition. 
A body of two thoufand Spaniards now encamped 
in the neighbourhood of Villa Velha. It was foon 
perceived by Burgoyne, that this corps, proud of its 
late fuccefles, was a little more carelefs than was 
proper in the neighbourhood of a vigilant and enter- 
prifing adverfary. For this unfoldier-like negligence 
he foon inflifted upon them an exemplary chaftifement. 
Under his orders Lieutenant Colonel Lee, afterwards a 
Major General in the Army of the American Revolution, 
crofled the Tagus. on the night of the 5th of Odober, 
with a detachment of 350 Britifh foldiers, and fucceeded 
in completely furprifing the Spanifh camp. A confider- 
able flaughter took place, with a very trifling lofs to 
the aflailants. Some magazines were burned, fix can- 
nons fpiked, and fixty artillery mules, and a large 
quantity of baggage taken. After this decifive blow, 
the detachment recrofled the Tagus, and refumed its 
original quarters, without interruption. 

Here clofed the campaign. Harrafled, difpirited, 
and reduced to almoft one half of their original num- 
bers, the Spanifh troops retired within their own 
frontier. Peace was fhortly after concluded between 



xviii IntroduBion. 

the belligerent powers, and the fubjed; of this memoir 
returned to his own country, with the reputation of 
an enlightened, intrepid, and aftive officer. On the 
8th of Oftober, previoufly to his embarking for Eng- 
land, he had been raifed to the rank of Colonel. 

At the general eleftion in 1761, he had been chofen 
member for Midhurft, and he accordingly, on his 
arrival from Portugal, took his feat in the Houfe of 
Commons. He does not, however, appear to have 
been, at this period, a very adlive member. On the 
1 8th of March, 1762, he was appointed Colonel of the 
1 6th Light Dragoons. At the eledtion in 1768, he 
he was returned for the borough of Prefton. Some 
circumftances arifing from this event, and from his 
prefumed conneftion with the Duke of Grafton, drew 
upon him the hoftiiity of Junius, who, in feveral of 
his letters, adverts to him in language of great feverity. 
The fame year he was appointed Governor of Fort 
William; and Major General in 1772. 

In the debates of Parliament he now took a more 
frequent part than he had before done. The adminiftra- 
tion having accepted, in 1771, from the Spanifli govern- 
ment, a very inadequate fatisfaftion for the infult which 
had been offered to Great Britain, by the feizure of 
the Falkland Iflands, he arraigned their conduft in a 
fpeech of much eloquence and vigour. But his efforts, 
and thofe of his friends, were unavailing; an addrefs 



IntroduSiion. xix 

approving the convention between tlie two powers was 
carried by a large majority. 

The next year he was not lefs ftrenuous in endeavour- 
ing to deted and bring to punifhment the corruption 
and delinquency which difgraced the characters ot thofe 
to whom authority had been delegated in the Eaftern 
empire. It was on his motion that a committee was 
appointed " to inquire into the nature, ftate, and con- 
"dition of the Eaft India Company, and of the Britifh 
" aflfairs in the Eaft Indies." His fpeech on this occa- 
fion is highly honourable to him, both as a man, and 
as an orator. As chairman of the committee, he found 
himfelf repeatedly called upon to defend the meafures 
and intentions of himfelf and. his colleagues, and he 
was not backward in the performance of this duty. 

But, amidft the preffure of fenatorial and profeffional 
avocations, he found time for purfuits of a more light 
and amufing nature. A marriage took, place in June, 
1774, between Edward, fon of Lord Stanley, and Lady 
Elizabeth Hamilton, daughter of the Duke of Ham- 
ilton. On this occafion a fete champetre was given at 
the Oaks, which in tafte and fplendour far exceeded every 
thing of the kind that had been feen before. The fuper- 
intendence of the whole was committed to Burgoyne. 
It was for this feftival that he wrote his firft dramatic 
piece, entitled 'The Maid of the Oaks. This elegant comic 
entertainment was afterwards, with fome additions, it 

c 



XX IntroduEiion. 

is faid, from the pen of Garrick, fuccefffully brought 
forward on the boards of Drury Lane Theatre. Nor 
has it yet loft its attradions with the public, though 
Mrs. Baddely and Mrs. Abingdon, the original repre- 
fentatives of Maria and Lady Bab Lardoon, have never 
been equalled by later performers of thofe charadlers. 

His attention, however, was foon called off from 
letters to arms. He embarked in 1775, with Generals 
Howe and Clinton, for America, and arrived at Bofton 
early in June.' Some of the official papers iffued there, 
at that period, are attributed to his pen. His ftay this 
time in America was ftiort, as he returned to England 
during the winter. But in the fpring of 1776, he failed 
for Canada, where he had fome fhare in affifting Sir 
Guy Carleton to expel the Americans, who had for 
many months held a footing in that province, and 
even reduced its capital, Quebec, to the greateft ex- 
tremity. The campaign being at an end, he again, at 
the clofe of the year, landed in his native country. 
During his abfence in America he fuffered the lofs 
of his wife, Lady Charlotte Burgoyne, who died at 
Kenfington Palace, on the 5th of June, 1776. 

I The fubjoined Impromptu, was parture of thcfe Britifh Generals for 
publifhed at London, on the de- America : 

" Behold the Cerberus the Atlantic plough ! 
" Her precious Cargo, Burgoyne, Clinton, Howe— 
" Bow ! wow ! wow !" 



Introduction. xxi 

Government refolved to make, in the Summer of 
1777, a decifive effort againft the revolted Colonies. A 
large force was to penetrate toward Albany from Canada, 
by the way of the Lakes, while another confiderable 
body advanced up the Hudfon's river, for the purpofe 
of joining the Canadian army. By this means it 
was hoped that all communication would be cut off 
between the Northern and Southern Colonies, and that 
each of them, being left to its own means of defence, 
and attacked by fuperior numbers, would inevitably 
be reduced with little trouble. To diftrad; the atten- 
tion of the enemy, a detachment was at the fame time 
to attack Fort Stanwix on the Mohawk river. 

On the ift of September, 1776, Burgoyne was ap- 
pointed Lieutenant General, preparatory to affuming 
command of this expedition. His opinion of, and 
difpofition towards the Americans, may be inferred 
from his fpeech already pronounced in Parliament on 
the motion for the Repeal of the A61 impofing a Duty 
on Tea. He confidered that America had been fpoiled 
by too much indulgence ; the independence of that 
country of the Britifh legiflature was in queftion, and 
he was ready to refift that propofition and to contend 
at any future time againft fuch independence. The 
future here appealed to was at hand, and we fhall now fee 
what it had in ftore for the champion of Parliamentary 
Taxation. 



xxii IntroduBion. 

His Army, numbering between feven and eight 
thoufand men, fet out from St. John's on the 14th of 
June, 1777, and encamped at the river Bouquet, on 
the weft fide of Lake Champlain, near Crown Point. 
At this place he met the Indians in congrefs, and, 
according to the ufual cuftom, gave them a war feaft. 
To reprefs their native barbarity, he addreffed them in 
a fpeech, recommending humanity to the enemy, and 
promiiing rewards for prifoners, but afluring them 
that all claims they might make for fcalps would be 
looked into with a very fufpicious eye. His next ftep 
was to iflue a Manifefto to the Americans, in which 
their hopes and fears were alternately worked upon, in 
order to induce their return to obedience. 

Turgid, pompous and bombaftic, this Proclamation 
inftead of producing the effed; defired, became the fub- 
jedt of ridicule, derifion and fatire, and inftead of 
frightening the Americans, only gained for its author 
th& {o\x\inc[n&t oi Chrononhotonthologos. It was turned 
into Hudibraftic rhymes by, it is faid, the witty Hop- 
kinfon, who thus traveftied the threats of the Britifli 
General : 

" I will let loofe the dogs of hell, 
"Ten thoufand Indians, who fhall yell, 
" And foam and tear, and grin and roar, 
" And drench their moccafins in gore : 
" To thefe I'll give full fcope and play 
" From Ticonderog to Florida ; 



IntrodiiEiion. xxiii 

" They'll fcalp your heads and kick your fhins, 

" And rip your , and flay your fkins, 

" And of your ears be nimble croppers, 

" And make your thumbs tobacco-ftoppcrs. 

"If after all thefe loving warnings, 

" My wilhes and my bowels' yearnings, 

" You fliall remain as deaf as adder, 

" Or grow with hoflile rage the madder, 

" I fwear by St. George and by St. Paul, • 

" I will exterminate you all. 

" Subfcribed with my manual fign 

" To tell thefe prefents — John Burgoyne." 

Having made fome ftay at Crown Point, for the 
purpofe of eftablifhing a liofpital and magazines, and 
for other neceflary fervices, the army advanced towards 
Ticonderoga, which the Americans abandoned. Their 
retreat was difcovered at the dawn of the 6th of July. 
A rapid purfuit was inftantly begun, and continued 
with fuch vigour that their vefTels were totally deftroyed. 
Hopelefs of making any (land at Skeneiborough, the 
American troops retired, after deftroying, as well as 
they could, the various works which had been raifed for 
its defence. 

At Skenefborough, General Burgoyne was compelled 
to wait feveral days for the arrival of tents, baggage, 
and provifions. While his Army remained here, it 
was inceflantly employed in opening roads. Towards 
the end of July, it arrived near Fort Edward, which was 
abandoned by the Americans, who retired to Saratoga. 



xxiv IntroduEiion. 

Here, notwithftanding the moft ftrenuous endeavours 
were ufed to forward the fervice, a halt of fifteen days 
was found indifpenfable for the purpofe of bringing for- 
ward bateaux, provifions, and ammunition, from Fort 
Anne. Neither oxen nor horfes were to be procured, 
and the country was befides inundated with continued 
rain. Intelligence was here received that Colonel St. 
Leger had begun the fiege of Fort Stanwix. General 
Burgoyne, therefore, determined to crofs the Hudfon 
river. But, though every nerve had been ftrained, 
the provifion in ftore was very trifling. A fupply, 
however, muft abfolutely be obtained. The Ameri- 
cans had eftablifhed a magazine at Bennington, and it 
was hoped that by furprifing it, a large proportion of 
what was wanted might be fecured. On this fervice 
Lieutenant Colonel Baum was difpatched, with about 
five hundred men. The Britifli, at the fame time, 
moved along the Hudfon. and threw a bridge over it 
oppofite Saratoga. Baum had not reached Bennington, 
when he received advice that the enemy were in great 
force at that place. He accordingly halted, and fent 
off to the Englifh camp for affiflance. It was dif- 
patched, but before its arrival Baum had been attacked, 
and his whole party killed or made prifoners. Ignorant 
of his defeat, the detachment which had been fent to 
his fuccour continued to advance, until it was fur- 
rounded by the victorious Americans, and fuffered 



IntroduSiion. xxv 

very feverely in making its retreat. Six hundred men 
were loft to the army by thefe two engagements. 
Shortly after, Colonel St. Leger was compelled to retire 
from before Fort Stanwix. 

Nearly thirty days' provifion having been collefted, 
Burgoyne crofted the Hudfon, about the middle of 
September, and encamped at Saratoga. The Ameri- 
cans were at Stillwater. The Britifh advanced to at- 
tack them in that pofition, and an obftinate battle 
enfued, in which much honour, but no folid advan- 
tage, was gained by the aftailants. The field of battle, 
it is true, remained in the pofteftion of the Britifh, 
but nothing more, and it was dearly paid for by the 
fall of a number of brave men. Nothing could be 
done againft the American camp, all approach to which 
was rendered impradticable by natural obftacles, as well 
as by numerous fortifications. Every day alfo fwelled 
the force of the Americans, and leflened that of the 
Britifti. 

Still hoping that, by the approach of an army up 
the Hudfon from New York, he ftiould be enabled to 
accomplifti the purpofe of the campaign, General Bur- 
goyne decided upon holding his pofition as long as pof- 
fible. Great exertions were accordingly made to fecure 
it by ftrong lines and redoubts. 

But while the General was fufficiently occupied in 
front, by the American Army, a daring attempt was 



xxvi IntroduEiion. 

made to fhut him up in the rear. From the head of 
the Connefticut river a body of fifteen hundred men 
marched, with the utmoft fecrefy, and without being 
difcovered, againft Ticonderoga, and fucceeded in 
furprifing feme of the outpofts of that place. They . 
made reiterated aflaults upon the fortrefs itfelf, for four 
days ; but, being every time repulfed, they at laft 
retired. 

The month of Odober opened, and no affiftance 
was at hand to extricate Burgoyne from his perilous 
fituation. He now found it expedient to put the 
troops upon a fhorter allowance, and on the 7th of 
Oftober, to make a movement to the right, to difcover 
whether it was po'ffible to open a paflage forward, or, if 
that could not be done, at leaft to facilitate a retreat. 
This motion was alfo defigned to cover a forage of 
the army. 

Fifteen hundred men, with eight cannon and two 
howitzers, were deftined for this purpofe. The General 
himfelf commanded them, and was feconded by fome 
of his beft officers. But Arnold, who had perceived 
how critical his fituation would be if he were turned, 
did not wait to receive an attack ; he quitted his pofi- 
tion, and gave battle to the divifion which was advanc- 
ing againft him. Conftantly reinforced by frefh bat- 
talions he fucceeded, after a defperate conflift. In 
driving the Britifh to their camp, which was immedi- 



I?itroduBio7i. xxvii 

ately affaulted In various parts, and the Americans 
broke into the lines in that quarter which was defended 
by Colonel Breymann. An opening was thus made on 
the right and the rear. 

The pofition being no longer tenable it was refolved 
to abandon it, and take poft on the heights above the 
hofpital, by which the front would be changed, and 
the Americans compelled to form a new difpofition. 
This delicate and dangerous movement was effected in 
the night without lofs or diforder. Battle was next day 
offered to the Americans, whofe movements obliged the 
Britifh to leave their favourable ground, and retire 
towards Saratoga. By the morning of the tenth the 
whole of their Army had croffed the fords of the 
Fifhkill near that place, and pofted itfelf in a ftrong 
fituation. It was followed there by the Americans, 
who took every ftep which could preclude the poffi- 
bility of efcape. 

Far from all fuccour, furrounded in the moft diffi- 
cult of countries by an Army more than four times 
his own in numbers, provifions growing fhort, the regi- 
ments mouldering away, every part of the camp expofed 
to grape and rifle fhot, and without power to compel 
the enemy to an adtion^ Burgoyne affembled a council 
of war to deliberate upon the meafures to be taken in 
fo painful an exigency. Such were the circumflances 
of the cafe, that to advance, retreat, or engage, was 
D 



xxviii IntroduSiion. 

equally impoffible. The unanimous voice of the 
council, therefore, was for entering upon a negotiation. 
It was finally fettled between the generals, that the 
Britifh Army fhould march out of its camp with all 
the honours of war, and fhould be fent to Europe, 
on condition of not ferving in America during the pre- 
fent war. 

Thus terminated this attempt to crufh the Inde- 
pendence of this country, and thus it was, amid the 
throes and thunders of battle, that the American nation 
was ufhered vidorioufly into life, and baptized in blood 
on the field of Saratoga. The nations of Europe no 
longer hefitated to recognize its legitimacy, which 
France had the honour the firft to acknowledge, on the 
6th February, 1778. 

The ideas hitherto entertained of the Americans by 
Gen. Burgoyne, now experienced a total revolution, 
and he declared that it would be impoffible for Britain 
to fucceed in her views, and that he fhould, on his 
return to England, recommend the recognition of their 
Independence. 

He arrived early in 1778 in that country, whither 
the news of the Saratoga convention had preceded him, 
and had been received by Minifliers with the moft 
bitter vexation. PrefTed already beyond endurance by 
the oppofition, they were well aware that this additional 
heavy miffortune would be urged againft them in 
Parliament with all the powers of argument and 



IntroduBion. xxix 

eloquence. To throw the blame on the General was 
the beft means of efcaping reproach that fuggefted itfelf 
to their minds. No open attack was indeed immedi- 
ately made in either houfe, but infinuations and hints 
were not fpared. 

An audience with his Sovereign was requefted, and 
refufed. A court of inquiry, appointed to examine 
his cafe, declared him, as a prifoner on parole, to be 
out of its cognizance ; and a court martial, which he 
next infilled upon, was denied him on the fame ground. 
Parliament alone remained upon which he could' throw 
himfelf for a hearing. He accordingly, on the 26th of 
May, attended his duty in the Houfe of Commons, 
and vindicated his condud; in. a long, animated, and 
fatiffadtory fpeech. Two days after he made another in 
which he arraigned with pointed feverity the weaknefs 
and incapacity of thofe who held the reins of govern- 
ment. Some management had been obferved towards 
him by Minifters during the firft debate, but they were 
now goaded into the moft determined hoftility. To get 
rid entirely of all further trouble from him, a weak 
attempt was made by fome of them to exclude him 
from the houfe, under pretence that, as a prifoner of 
war, he could have no right to fpeak or vote. The 
Speaker being appealed to for his opinion on the fub- 
jeft, his decifion was given in favour of the General. 

As this mode of getting rid of him had failed, it 
was refolved to try another. A lucky opportunity of 



XXX IntroduEiion. 

effecfling this had, it was thought, occurred, in the cir- 
cumftance of Congrefs having declined to ratify the 
Convention, until advices of its having been approved 
of by the Englifh miniflry had arrived in America. 
An order from the fecretary of war was accordingly 
fent him in the beginning of June to repair to New 
England, his prefence there being neceflary to the 
troops. Obedience to this order he very properly de- 
clined. A long correfpondence took place on this 
fubje<5l, which ended by his voluntary refignation of 
all his appointments, amounting, it has been faid, to 
about $17,000 a year. His rank in the Army he, 
however, retained, in order to render him amenable 
to a court martial hereafter, and to enable him to 
fulfil his perfonal faith with the enemy. 

The long-defired time for defending his calumniated 
characfler at length arrived. A committee had, on the 
repeated demands of Sir William Howe, been appointed 
in 178 1, to inquire into his own conduft during the 
American war. Before the fittings of this committee 
were clofed, Burgoyne fucceeded in procuring evidence 
to be examined before it with refped: to the proceedings 
of the army under his command. The refult was fuch 
as could not but be highly flattering to his feelings. 
Every officer that was examined gave the ftrongeft tef- 
timony to his bravery and fuperior talents. It did not 
appear that a fingle fault had been found with any of 
his plans or movements by the moft enlightened judges 



IntrodiiSimt. xxxi 

who were on fervice with him ; but it did clearly ap- 
pear that he enjoyed the entire confidence of the army, 
and that, in fituations of the moft trying nature, in the 
face of difafter, of danger, and of death, he was looked 
up to by his troops with the warmeft affedtion, and 
the moft undoubted reliance ; that they were at all 
times ready to fufFer, to fight, and to perifh with him. 
The committee was fhortly after fuddenly diflblved, 
without having pafTed a fingle refolution upon the 
fubjedl which had been referred to its confideration. 

In 1780 he appeared before the public with two 
produdions of very diffimilar natures. The firft of 
thefe was, A State of the Expedition from Canada as laid 
before the Houfe of Commons and verified by Evidence. It 
was infcribed, in an elegant and affedlionate addrefs, to 
the officers of the army which he had commanded 
againft the Americans. He narrates, in a concife and 
perfpicuous manner, yet with great fpirit, the whole 
of the tranfaftions which took place. 

His other literary effort was a comic opera, in three 
acts, called The Lord of the Manor, which was received 
with much applaufe. It is a light but lively and well- 
condu6ted little piece, far fuperior in merit to many 
later favorites of the fame kind. In the courfe of it, 
many fevere and witty farcafms are aimed at the ad- 
miniftration which was then in power. 

The party which had fo long and fo eloquently op- 
pofed the ruinous war with America having at laft been 



xxxii IntroduSiion. 

called to fhare in the toils and the honours of govern- 
ment, Gen. Burgoyne was not forgotten. He was on 
the 1 6th of April, 1782, appointed Commander in 
Chief of his Majefty's forces in Ireland; a few days 
after, a member of the privy council of that country, 
and on the 7th June, 1782, Colonel of the 4th Foot. 
The rank of commander in chief, however, he re- 
tained not quite two years, when a new adminiftration 
was again formed. 

The new Miniftry foon found itfelf vigoroufly 
attacked by the party in oppofition. No pains were 
fpared to render it an objeft of hatred and contempt. 
To accomplifh thefe ends the powers both of wit and 
argument were inceflantly employed. Of the weapons 
ufed in the lighter of thefe two modes of hoftility, the 
Criticijms on the Rolliad, and the Probationary Odes, were, 
perhaps, the moft ofFenfive to the minifter and his 
friends. No lefs than twenty-one editions of them 
have been publifhed. The Weftminjhr Guide, and one 
of the Probationary Odes, were contributed by General 
Burgoyne. Both thefe pieces are reprinted in the 
Colleftion of his Works. 

In 1786 appeared his comedy of The Heirefs. It was 
welcomed, by crowded audiences, with that applaufe 
which it fo well merited. Nor was it lefs attraftive 
in the clofet. The fale of ten editions in one year 
bore ample teftimony to its merits. He not long 



IntroduEiion. xxxili 

after gave to the flage an adaptation of Sedaine's hif- 
torical romance of Richard Caur de Lion, and was 
■ again fuccefTful in his claim to public approbation. 
The piece had a very flattering run, and has been fince 
revived. 

At an early period of his parliamentary career, Gen. 
Burgoyne was adtive in the purfuit and expofure of 
Indian delinquency. After a lapfe of thirteen years 
he was called upon to affift others in the perform- 
ance of a fimilar tafk. He was chofen in 1787, one of 
the committee of managers for conducing the im- 
peachment of Mr. Haftings. Under this charadler he, 
during the courfe of the trial, moved the cenfure of 
the houfe upon Major Scott, for a libel on the con- 
duct of the committee. The motion was carried. His 
fleady performance of his duty as a manager, expofed 
him to an anonymous attack, publifhed in a coUedlion 
of epiftles, the poetical fl:yle of which was in imitation of 
x}[\^New Bath Guide. Theconclufion of Mr. Haftings's 
trial the General did not live to witnefs. His death 
took place on the 4th of Auguft, 1792, from a fudden 
attack of the gout, at his houfe in Hertford ftreet. May 
Fair, and was an unexpefted ftroke to his friends, as 
he had been out in apparently good health the preced- 
ing day. He was buried, in a very private manner, 
on the 13th, in the cloiflers of Wefl;minfl:er Abbey. 
Only one coach, containing four gentlemen, attended 



xxxiv IntroduSiion. 

his funeral. No memorial, not even a fimple ftone, 
marks the fpot where his remains are interred.' 

Having thus difpofed of the principal aftor in the" 
momentous movement againft the infant liberties of 
the Republic, nothing remains but to allude to fome 
other portion of our labours. By thecourtefy of Mr. 
Thornton of Bofton, we are enabled to add a copy 
of the Parole figned by the officers of the army at 
Cambridge, in December, 1777; alfo the names of 
thofe officers now, as far as we are aware, for the firft 
time corredtly printed. The reader will find alfo, in 
this volume, carefully prepared biographical fketches 
of Gen. James Wilkinfon, Gen. Riedefel, and other 
officers who made this campaign, and likewife a lift of 
the feveral Brunfwick officers who ferved under Gen. 
Riedefel's command. We are indebted to the polite- 
nefs of the Hon. James Partridge, Secretary of 
State of Maryland, for a copy of the joint Refolution 
of the General Aflembly of that State, conferring a 
penfion on Gen. Wilkinfon, and to Mr. Dawson of 
White Plains, for the German work from which we 
have obtained the materials for the life of Gen. Riedefel, 
and the roll of his officers, with fuch particulars as 
are appended to each of their names. Other affiftance 
will be found acknowledged in the Appendix. 

I Moft of the particulars refpeft- prefixed to an edition ofhis Drama- 

ing Gen. Burgoyne, embraced in tic and Poetical IVorki, London, 

this Introduftion, are borrowed from 1808, 2 vols., izmo. 
3 Sketch of the Life of that Officer 



ORDERLY BOOK. 




3 HE Chaffeurs, Light Infantry and 
^'^ Grenadiers under Col. Bremen, 
form the Advanced Guard oppo- 
lite the Point, which is a little above 
cleared Ground, on the Right of the 
Incampment. The Dragoons of Reidefell 
follow immediately the Advanced Guard. 
The Firfl Brigade Britifh leads the Line at the 
Diftance of about 200 Yards in the Rear of the 
Dragoons. The German Brigades follow in their 
order. Each Corps will make a Column of four 
Boats in Front, and on the Flanks of the Column, 
taking care to leave Room for the Oars of the 
Center Boats. 

As foon as the whole are difpofed in the above 
order, two Guns will be fired from the Maria, and 
a Jack hoifted at Foretopmaft Head, at which the 
whole will move, and whether failing or rowing, 
will endeavor to keep the fame Order. 



Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 



Sandy Bluff, June 20, 1777. 

Parole, >5'/. Peters. Counterfign, Florence. 

Lieut. General Biirgoyne takes the Occafion of 
the Army aflembling to exprefs publickly the high 
Opinion he entertains of the Troops which his 
Majefty has been gracioufly pleafed to entruft to 
his Command ; they could not have been felefted 
more to his Satiffadiion. And the Lieut. General 
trufts it will be received as one mark of his Atten- 
tion to their Glory and Welfare, that with the 
promife of every encouragement the fervice will 
allow, he declares a determination, and he calls 
upon every officer to affift him, to maintain a 
fteady Syftem of Subordination and Obedience. 

The following Standing Regulations laid down 
to prevent the neceffity of lengthening the daily 
Orders, and are to be invariably obferved. 

Officers of all Ranks commanding out Ports and 
Detachments, are conftantly to fortify in the beft 
manner the circumftances of the place and the 
implements at hand will permit. Felling Trees 
with their Points outward, barricading Churches 
and Houfes, Breaftworks of Earth and Timber, are 
generally to be effefted in a fhort Time, and the 
Science of Engineering is not neceflary to find and 
apply fuch relources. The Pracflice of fortifying 
which is ufeful in all Services, is particularly fo in 
this, where the Enemy, infinitely inferior to the 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 3 

King's Troops in open fpace and hardy Combat, is 
well fitted by difpofition and praftice for the Strata- 
gems and Enterprifes of little War. And neither 
the diftance of Camps nor the Interference of 
Forefts and Rivers are to be looked upon as fecurity 
againfl his Attempts. Upon the fame principle it 
muft be a conftant rule in or near Woods to place 
advanced Centries where they may have a Tree or 
fome other defence to prevent their being taken 
off by fingle marksmen. 

Together with thefe precautions Officers will 
ever bear in mind how much the publick honour 
and their own are concerned in maintaining a Poft; 
and that to juftify a Retreat in the prefent War, the 
number of the Enemy mufl be much fuperior to 
that which would make their Juftification when 
adting againft brave and difciplined Forces. 

The Officers will take all proper Opportunities, 
and efpecially at the beginning of the Campaign, 
to inculcate in the men's minds a Reliance upon the 
Bayonet. Men of half their bodily ftrength, and 
even Cowards may be their match in firing; but 
the onfet of Bayonets in the hands of the Valiant 
is irrefiflible. The Enemy, convinced of this truth, 
place their whole dependance in Entrenchments 
and Rifle pieces. It will be our Glory and pre- 
fervation to florm where poffible. 

The Attention of every Officer in Adlion is to 
be employed upon his men. To make ufe of a 
Fufil, except in very extraordinary cafes of imme- 



4 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

diate perfonal defence, would betray an ignorance 
of his importance, and his Duty. 

No occalion can make it neceffary to keep the 
Arms loaded in the Bell Tents : nor are the Bat- 
talions of the Line ever to be loaded upon the march 
till very near the time when they may be expedled 
to engage. 

No Parties are to go from Camp with or with- 
out Arms, without a proportionate number of 
Officers. Not only the Difcipline and Honour, 
but alfo the fafety of the Troops require the flridleft 
prohibition from Straggling and Plundering, and 
the Savages as well as the Pi'ovofl:, will have Orders 
to punifh Offenders in thefe refpedls, inftantly, and 
with the utmoft rigour. 

The Camp will always be extended as widely as 
the Ground will admit, for the fake of Cleanlinefs 
and of Health ; but as it muif often happen that 
the extent will be infufficient for the Line to form 
in the Front of the Encampment, according to the 
prefent eftablifliment of open Files and two deep, 
the Quarter-Mafter-General will therefore mark at 
every new Camp the Portion of Ground each Bat- 
talion is to clear over and above its own Front, in 
order to make the work equal. To clear this 
Ground muff be the immediate bulinefs after arriv- 
ing in Camp, and in this Country, it may often be 
neceffary to have an Alarm Poft cleared in the Rear 
as well as in the Front. By clearing is meant the 
removal of fuch obflrudtions as might prevent the 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 5 

ready forming of the Troops to receive or advance 
upon the Enemy. It is not necellary to cut the 
large Trees for that purpofe, except where they 
may afford Shelter for the Enemy. 

Quarter Guards are always to face outwards, and 
at the diftance of a hundred yards from the Bells of 
Arms, and to have a Fluke of earth or timber 
thrown up before them. 

When the Encampment of the Line is with the 
Front to the water, and too near to admit of this 
regulation, the Quarter Guards are to be ported in 
the Rear, and thofe of the Flank Regiments occa- 
iionally upon the Flanks. 

Though the ground will feldom admit a ftridl 
regularity in pitching the Officers' Tents, they are 
never to be placed fo as to interfere with the Line 
of Defence. 

All Deferters from the Enemy, fufpefted Spies, 
or other perfons prefenting themfelves at the Out- 
pofts, or otherwiie ftopped, are to be fent forthwith 
to Head Quarters, without queftioning them. 

In all Duties by Detachment, the Corps will 
furnilh according to their Effeftive Strength. 

When the Lieut. General vifits an Outpoft, the 
men are not to (land to their Arms, or pay him 
any Compliment. 

The Articles of War which regard the men, to 
be read at the head of every Regiment to-morrow 
evening parade, and afterwards thele Regulations. 



6 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

The Daily Duties will be as follows. One 
Brigadier General for the Day, who will vifit the 
Outpofts, and have a General infpecftion over the 
Camp. All reports are to be made through him, 
except when any Alarm or other Exigency requires 
inftant notice to the Commander-in-Chief 

A Major of Brigade for the Day, who is to pa- 
rade all Guards, and Detachments, &c. 

When the laft Brigade arrives the Picquet will 
confift of one Field Officer for each Wing ; one 
Captain for each Brigade, one Subaltern, one Ser- 
jeant, one Corporal, and twenty-five Private men, 
from each Regiment. A Drum to be furnifhed by 
the Regiment which gives the Captain. 

The whole Picquet to affemble half an hour be- 
fore Gun firing at the Centre of the Line, and to 
be exercifed in marching and charging with Bayo- 
nets, under the infpedlion of the Brigadier of the 
day, in order that the Britifli and German Troops 
may acquire a uniformity of pace and motion when 
adling together in Line. 

Half the Picquet is always to be polled during 
the night at fome diflance from the Camp, and at 
fuch places as may be expofed to the fecret approach 
of the Enemy. It will be the care of the Briga- 
dier of the Day to poll: them. 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

Camp at River Bouqjjet, 

June 2i", 1777. 

Parole, St. Mark. Counterfign, Rome. 

The Army will move forvs^ard on Monday, and 

take up the Ground now occupied by Brigadier 

General Frafer's Corps, near the River Bouquet. 

They will take their Orders from Major General 

Reidefel. 

Camp at River Bouquet, 
June 22^, 1777. 
Parole, St. Mary. Counterfign, Scotland. 

Camp at River Bouquet, 
June 23'^, 1777. 
Parole, St. George. Counterfign, England. 

Camp at River Bouquet, 
June 24'^ '^777- 

Parole, St. Marguerite. Counterfign, Chamblee. 

The Lieut. General has obferved with fatiffadlion, 
that fome Corps have got the Art of making Flour 
cakes without ovens, which are equally wholefome 
and relifhing with the bell: Bread. He recom- 
mends it ftrongly to the Commanding Officers to 
bring their Corps into this ufeful Pradlice, as it 
may frequently happen that the movements of the 
Army will be too quick to admit a poffibility of 
conftrucfling ovens. 

No Guns to be fired in Camp, and the {landing 



8 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

Orders againft any Soldier going beyond the ad- 
vanced Gentries is to be put ftridly in Execution 
from this day. One day's Provifions to be cooked 
this evening or to-morrow morning, to be ready 
for the next movement of the Army. 

Camp at River Bouqjjet, 
June 25'^^, 1777. 

Parole, St. Julien. Counterfign, Lijbon. 

The Army will move tonight, weather permit- 
ting. Major General Reidefel commands. 

The daily Duty as regulated in the Orders of 
the 20th June takes place. 

Brigadier General of the day, Powell. 

Brigade Major, Muir. 

Field Officer for the Picquet Britifli, Maj. Irwine. 

Field Officer for the Picquet German, . 

Grown Point, June 26'!^, 1777. 

Parole, St. Anthony. Counterfign, Padua. 

Each Regiment will fend the D. A. General a 
Return of the Dates of the Officers' Commiffions, 
fpecifying thole who have Rank in the Army fenior 
to their Regimental Rank. 

Monthly Returns are to be fent the firft of every 
month to Head Quarters. The Britifli according 
to the printed Forms. The Brigades will fend in 
their weekly States immediately ; for the future 
they are to be fent to Head Quarters every Mon- 
day. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 9 

Each Regiment will fend in a Return of the 
number of Rations daily drawn for Officers, Effedl- 
ive Soldiers, Women and Servants. 

The Britifli are to fend fix Batteaux and the 
Germans ten, with five men in each, and proper 
Officers and Non-Commiffion Officers along fide 
of the Wafliington, to-morrow morning at four 
o'clock, to receive Direftions from Mr. Commiffary 
General Clarke, for unloading and tranfporting 
Provifions on Shore. 

The Britiffi to furnifh 40 men, and the Germans 
20, with Officers, &c., to receive the Provifions at 
Chimney Point, and to arrange them. This Party 
to parade half an hour after the former. 

When the Wings of the Army are feparated, as 
in the prefent inftance by a River, it is not required 
that the Picquet fhould join, but they are to aflem- 
ble by Wings in the Front of the Encampment, and 
the Field Officer of each Wing will poll the Part 
that is to be advanced. 

No Evening Gun to fire till further Orders. 

Lieut. Twifs, Aid de Camp to Major General 
Phillips, has the Command of the Corps of Engi- 
neers, and is to be obeyed accordingly. 

In cafe of an Alarm, the Army is always to form 
in the Front of the Camp, unlefs particularly 
ordered to the contrary. 



lo Biirgoynes Orderly Book. 

Camp Crown Point, 
27''^ June, 1777. 

Parole, St. James. Counterfign, Genoa. 

Brigadier General for the day, Specht. 

Brigade Major, Cleve. 

Field Officer for the Picquet Britifli, Colo. Hill. 

Field Officer for the Picquet German, Lt. Col. 
Prajlonus. 

A Return to be given in this Evening, what 
Batteaux are miffing. If any cannot proceed 
without repair, they are to be reported at the fame 
time. 

The evening Gun will fire this evening from 
the Right, and is to be repeated upon the Left, and 
to be continued till the Wings join, when one 
Gun only will be fired. 

If any of the Regiments want working Tools to 
clear their Ground, they are to apply to the Brigades 
of Artillery upon the Flanks, and return them as 
fbon as the work is done. The greatefl Attention 
muft be had to the care of the Tools, as the Regi- 
ments will be anfwerable for them. 

Lieut. Roberton of the Corps of Engineers is 
attached to the Right Wing of the Army, and to 
take Orders occafionally for Strengthening the 
Right of the Camp, from the Brigadiers Powell^ 

' Henry Watson Powell. Wc pany in the 64th Foot, which rcgi- 
find this officer appointed in Sept. ment fervcd in the expedition againll 
1756, to the command of a com- the French Weft India Iflands in 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. ii 

and Hafnilton. Lieut. Dunford is attached to the 
Left Wing of the Army under the Command of 
Major General Reidefel. 

Camp Crown Point, 
28"^^ June, 1777. 
Parole, St. Patrick. Counterfign, Dublin 

Brigadier General for the day, Hamilton. 
Brigade Major, KirknuDi.^ 



1759, and in America in 1768. 
On the 2d June, 1770, he became 
Major of the 38th, and on 25th 
July, 1771, Lieutenant Colonel of 
the 53d, which formed a part of this 
expedition, wherein Lieut. Colonel 
Powell held the rank ot Brigadier 
General. When the Americans 
evacuated Ticonderoga on the 6th 
July, 1777, Brig. Powell was left 
in command of that poll with a 
fuitablc garrifon. After the defeat 
of Baum at Bennington, the Ameri- 
cans devifed a plan to cut off Bur- 
goync's fupplics. With that view 
an expedition was got up to recover 
Ticonderoga. The manner of con- 
ducing the movement was left to 
Gen. Lincoln with a force of i 500 
of the New Hanipfliirc and Con- 
nefticut militia. Such fecrecy and 
aftivity had been ufed on the occa- 
fion that early on the 1 8th of Septem- 
ber they fucceeded in fecuring the 
old French lines near the fort and 
fummoned the garrifon tofurrcnder. 
Brig. Gen. Powell however declined 
the invitation, and for four days 
maintained a moft gallant defence. 



and at laft obliged the enemy to 
retreat. On the evacuation of 
Ticonderoga in November, Brig. 
Powell returned to Canada. He 
obtained the brevet rank of Colonel 
in 1779; was advanced to the 
grade of Major General on 20th 
November, 1782, and to the chief 
command of the 69th regiment in 
April, 1792. On the 20th April, 
1794, ^^ became Colonel of the 
15th Foot; Lieutenant-Gcncral in 
1796 ; a General in the Army on 
the ift January, 1801, and died at 
Lyme, at an advanced age, on the 
14th July, 1814. 

• Michael Kirkman received a 
comniiffion of 2d Lieutenant in the 
2 lit Fuzileers on the 12th May, 
1 761, the regiment being fent on 
the expedition againll Bclleifle. He 
was appointed ill Lieutenant in 
I 768 ; accompanied his regiment to 
Canada in 1776, and became Adju- 
tant of it in February of that year, 
and Captain on the 8th June, 1777. 
His name appears for the laft time 
in the Army Lift of 1782. 



12 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Field Officer for the Picquet Britifh, Lt. Col. 
Lind. 

Field Officer for the Picquet German, Lt. Col. 
Lentz. 

Should it be neceflary for the Line to embark 
fuddenly, two Guns will be fired from the Right 
Wing, which are to be repeated upon the Left. 

Upon that Signal, the men's Tents are to be 
ftruck immediately, and flowed in the Batteaux, 
together with Knapfacks, Blankets, Provifions, and 
Ammunition ; no other Articles of Baggage are to 
be carried, confequently 17 Boats will fuffice tor 
each Battalion BritiOi, and 22 Boats for each Bat- 
talion German. 

The remaining Boats to be left to bring forward 
the Officers' Tents and reft of the Baggage when 
ordered. 

A Subaltern and 20 men pr. Regiment and one 
Captain from each Brigade to be left in charge of 
them. 

Should it be neceflary for the Line to move fud- 
denly without embarking, four Guns will be fired 
from the Right and repeated upon the Left. At 
which Signal the Line to form with all poffible 
expedition, in the Front of the Bells of Arms, and 
Tents to be left ftanding. 

Thefe Orders to remain in force during the 
whole Campaign. 

The Troops are to make up Cartridges accord- 
ing to the Standing Order of the Army, to a 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 13 

hundred rounds a man. Thofe Regiments which 
are not lupplied with that number in Powder, Ball 
and Paper, are to apply to the Artillery. But 
fhould the Magazine- Veffel not be arrived for 
delivery of thofe Articles diredily, the Regiments 
to make an equal Divifion of the Ammunition as 
it now ftands, and the Brigadiers General will give 
Orders accordingly. 

The greateft care to be taken of the Mufquet 
Cartridges, not only of thofe carried by the Soldiers, 
but what is referved in the Ammunition Boxes, 
and the Ball never to be loft or thrown away. And 
as the Orders given laft year are fufficiently clear 
and ftrong on this matter, no more need be obferved 
than that from the difficulty of frefli fupplies crofs 
the Lake, it becomes the duty of the Commanding 
Officers of Companies to be particularly attentive 
to this, fo material a part of their Service. And 
the Commanding Officers of Corps are made 
anfwerable that the Orders given on this fubjeft 
are obeyed. 

Orderly time is fixed for 1 1 o'clock. 

Crown Point, 29'*^ June, 1777. 
Parole, St. Francis. Counterfign, Cork. 

Brig"" General for the day, Powell. 
Brigade Major, Muir. 

Field Officer for the Picquet Britifh, Major 
Forjier. 

Brigadier General for the German, Spec/it. 



14 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

Brigade Major, Cleve. 

Field Officer for Picquet German, Major Hilk. 

While the Wings of the Army remain divided, 
the Brigadier's Duty of Infpecftion will be done by 
a Brig"" of each Wing, who will take this duty three 
days about. And the Brigadier of the Left Wing 
will report to Major General Reidcjel. The Corps 
de Relerve of the Left Wing will receive Provi- 
lions this afternoon to the 8th of July inclufive. 
The reft of Army will tomorrow morning receive 
Provilions to the fame time. 

All the Batteaux that want repair are to be fent 
to Chimney Point with proper men to take care 
of them, which men are to affifl in picking Oakum 
if neceffary. Each Wing will fend ten Batteaux at 
a time. 

The Referve of the Germans to furnifli a Guard 
upon the Depot at Chimney Point of an Officer 
and 30 men to furnilh Centinels as the Commiffary 
General lliall require. The Referve will alfo fur- 
nifli a Sergeant and i 2 men to cover the Workmen 
in the Woods : they are to receive their Orders 
from Engineer Tw//}.' 

I William Tvviss was born in motcd to a lieutenancy; from 1772 
the year 1745, and entered the to the end of 1775, he was em- 
Military Department of the Ord- ployed on the new fortifications for 
nance in July, 1 760, and in No- the defence of the dock-yard at 
vember, 1763, obtained a com- Portfmouth ; early in 1776 he em- 
miflion as Enfign in the corps of barked with General Burgoyne and 
Engineers. He did duty as an his army for Canada, and landed at 
Engineer in the Garrifon at Gibral- Quebec in June, when he was no- 
tar until 1771, when he was pro- minated Aid-de-Camp to Major 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 15 

Two Batteaux with proper Oars are to be ient 
from every Regiment to Chimney Point, to be 
delivered to Mr. Stuart, foreman of the Caulkers. 

The Picquets of the Line to be formed an hour 
before Sun let, in order to their being ported while 
it is light. 



General Phillips. He was with the 
Army in purtliing the Americans 
up the river St. Lawrence, and was 
in the affair at Three Rivers, 8th 
June, and proceeded with the Army 
until the Americans were driven 
out of Canada, and embarked in 
their fleet and boats on Lake Cham- 
plain in July. He was then ap- 
pointed by Sir Guy Carleton, the 
Commander-in-Chief, to be Comp- 
troller of Works, and to fuperintend 
the conftruftion of a fleet for Lake 
Champlain, with gun boats and 
batteaux for carrying the army over 
the Lake; and with the able affift- 
ance ot the naval department, over 
which Admiral Schank was made 
Commiffioner, they began, in the 
middle of July, every neceflary pre- 
paration tor fo arduous an under- 
taking, and at a time that govern- 
ment had neither velTel nor boat on 
Lake Champlain, nor the fmalleft 
building for barracks, ftore-houfes, 
or worklliops. Notwithllandingall 
which, a numerous fleet was con- 
ftruftcd which fought and defeated 
the Americans at Valcour Ifland, 
on the I ith and 1 2th Oftobcr, and 
obtained the naval fuperiority during 
the whole war. He then proceeded 
with the army to Crown Point, and 



with it returned and wintered in 
Canada. Li the Spring of 1777, 
he was appointed Commanding 
Engineer under General Burgoyne; 
and in July was with the army at 
the invertment of Ticonderoga, 
where the Americans had employed 
many thoufand men, during eight 
months, in fortifying Mount Inde- 
pendence ; but from the pofition 
which the army took, thefc works 
were immediately abandoned. He 
fervcd with the army the whole of 
the campaign, and was prefent at all 
the general aftions, and was in- 
cluded in the Convention of Sara- 
toga, but was, with other officers, 
exchanged a tew days afterwards 
and returned to Ticonderoga, when 
he affifted in the evacuation ot that 
pott in November, 1777. At the 
clofe of 1778 he obtained a com- 
mifhon as Captain, and in that year 
was fent by General Sir F. Haldi- 
mand to Lake Ontario, to form a 
naval eltablifhment on the call fide 
of that lake ; and was afterwards 
employed in different parts ot Ca- 
nada as Commanding Engineer, 
until the peace of 1783, when he 
obtained leave to return to England. 
Iri 1785 he was employed as Secre- 
tary to the Board ot Land and Sea 



1 6 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

The Regiments to parade under arms at the 
fame time to praftice the firing motions, which is 
to be done in as quick time as poffible, being 
regular. The Brigadiers will take care that every 
Regiment purfues the fame method. 

Crown Point, 30^'^ June, 1777. 
Parole, St. David. Counterfign, Wales. 

Brigadiers and Brigade Majors as yefterday. 



Officers, appointed under the King's 
Sign Manual, to report upon the 
defences of the dockyards at Portf- 
niouth and Plymouth. From 1785 
to 1792, he was employed as an 
Engineer atPortfmouth, where many 
new works were conftrudting, par- 
ticularly Cumberland Fort, at the 
entrance of Langllon Harbour. In 
June, 1794, he was made Lieutenant 
Colonel, and in the fame year was 
appointed Lieutenant Governor of 
the Royal Academy at Woolwich. 
Between 1792 and 1799, he was 
employed in augmenting the de- 
fences on the coalls of Kent and 
Suflcx, particularly at Dover Caftle. 
In I 799, upon Colonel Hav of the 
Engineers being killed in Holland, 
he was fent as Commanding Royal 
Engineer, under the Duke of York, 
and remained there until the evacua- 
tion of that country was completed ; 
and on the 1 ft January, 1800, he 
obtained the rank of Colonel, in 
which year he was fent to vifit the 
Iflands of Guernfey and Jerfey. In 
1802 he was ordered to make the 



tour of Ireland, and report refpcft- 
ing its defences. In 1803 he was 
again fent to the coafts of Kent and 
SulTex, and was appointed Brigadier 
General in February, i 804 ; Major 
General on the 30th Odobcr, 1 805, 
in which year he was direfted to 
carry into execution the fyftem of 
detached redoubts and towers which 
government had adopted for the 
defence of that feacoaft, and was 
finifhed about the year 1809; on 
the 24th of June in that year he was 
appointed Colonel Commandant of 
the Royal Engineers, when he ceafcd 
to be Lieutenant Governor of the 
Academy at Woolwich. In 1810, 
after an aftive fervice of fifty years, 
he obtained leave to be unemployed, 
and retired into the country. On 
the I ft January, 1 81 2, he rofe to 
the rank of Lieutenant General, and 
became General in the Army 27th 
May, 1825. General Twifs died 
March 14th, 1827, at his feat at 
Harden Grange, Yorkfhire, aged 
82 years. (Gcntlcmiin's Mdgn- 
xine ) 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 17 

Field Officer for PicqueuBritifh, Lt. Col. Suth- 
erland.^ 

Field Officer for Picquet German, yi-sif Mongon. 

The Army embarks tomorrow to approach the 
Enemy. We are to contend for the King and the 
Conftitution of Great Britain, to vindicate the Law 
and to relieve the Opprefled. A Caufe in which 
His Majefty's Troops and thofe of the Princes His 
Allies, will feel equal Excitement. 

The Services required of this particular Expedi- 
tion are critical and confpicuous. During our pro- 
grefs occafions may occur, in which nor difficulty 
nor labour nor life are to be regarded. This 
Army must not Retreat. 

The General to beat tomorrow at dawn of day, 
inftead of the Revallie ; the AfTembly an hour 
afterwards. The Dragoons of Reidefel /orm the 
Advanced Guard, except the Part of them which 

I Nicholas Sutherland was that expedition ; obtained a Com- 

commiHioned Lieutenant in the 62d pany in December, 1761, and 

or firft Highland Battalion 8th Jan- lerved in the expeditions againll 

uary, 1757, on the organization of Martinico and Havana in 1762, 

that corps. The number of this and in I 763 went on half pay, where 

regiment was afterwards changed to he remained until March, 1765, 

the 77th, and Mr. Sutherland be- when he obtained a company in the 

came Captain-Lieutenant of it 15th 21II Fuzileers, ot which corps he 

September, 1758, and ierved in the bccameMajor, 21ft February, 1772. 

expedition againll Fort Du Ouefne, He was promoted to be Lieutenant 

which was reduced in the following Colonel of the 47th Foot on the 5th 

November. This regiment formed November, 1776, and figned the 

part of the army under Amherft in Cambridge parole in the following 

1759, and was detached againrt the month. Lt. Col. Sutherland held 

Cherokccs, in 1760, Capt. Lieu- his rank in the 47th until his death, 

tenant Sutherland was wounded in which occurred in the year 1781. 

3 



1 8 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

guard the General's T^nts, who will come up in 
the rear ot the Line. Each Wing to form a Column 
of Batteaux as in the former movement, the Right 
Wing keeping the Weft Shore, the Left Wing the 
Eaft. Both Wings are to take up the Ground of 
the new Encampment in two Lines. 

A Detachment of one Field Ot^cer, two Cap- 
tains, four Subalterns with Non-commilTion Officers 
in proportion, and two hundred men are to remain 
at Chimney Point to guard the Magazines. This 
Detachment to be taken from the Second Brigades 
of each Wing. The BritiHi give the Field Officer, 
one Captain, two Subalterns, and one hundred 
men — the German one Captain, two Subalterns 
and one hundred men. Field Officer for this Duty 
Lieut. Col" yl/i/inither ; this Detachment to relieve 
the prefent Guards at Chimney Point this evening 
an hour before funfet. Immediately after coming 
to the new Camp to-morrow a Party of Fatigue, 
conlifting of 25 men per Regiment of the Right 
Wing, with Officers in proportion, to parade in 
front of their firfi: Line, where they will receive 
tools and take Diredlions from the Engineer of the 
Wing. The men defigned for this party are to be 
fpared from the labour of rowing the Batteaux in 
order to keep them frelTi. The Left Wing will at 
the fame time clear their Front to the extent of a 
mufquet fliot. 

The 62d Regiment are to compleat their Provi- 
fions to the 8th day of July inclulive. The two 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 19 

Batteaux per Regiment that were ordered to be 
delivered to Mr. Stuart in yefterday's Orders, have 
only been obeyed in part. Thofe Regiments that 
negledted to lend their Batteaux are to fend them 
immediately. 

When Orders are given and no particular time 
named, they are to be executed not only with 
Pundtuality, but with the utaioft difpatch. 

No Otficers to go to the advanced Corps of the 
Army without leave, and having permiflion are 
never to go beyond the Outpofts of thofe Corps, 
without previous leave of the Officer commanding 
them. 

His Excellency Sir Guy Carleton has been pleafed 
to make the following Promotions in the Army. 

53'^ Regiment Mr. Hamilton'' to be Enlign in the 
Room of Enl" Davis deceafed. Quarter M'' Price'^ 
of the 53'^ Regiment is appointed Lieutenant in the 
Emigrants. 

Serjeant Major yohn Chalmers of the 53'' Regi- 
ment is appointed Quarter Mafter in room of Lieut. 
Price. 

Mr. May is appointed Enfign in the Emigrants. 
Captain Green^ of the 31'*'^ Regiment is appointed 

I Thomas Hamilton was pro- the above date was commiiFioncd 

moted to a lieutenancy 27th De- Lieutenant in the ift battalion of 

cember, 1785, and went on half the 84th, which was difbanded in 

pay in 1788. 1783. 

1 David Price was appointed 3 Charles Green was born at 

Quarter Mafter of the ;3d regi- Gibraltar, December 18, 1749, the 
ment zglh March, 1776, and on fccond fon of Chriftopher Green, 



20 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Aid de Camp to Major General Phillips during the 
Campaign. 

Camp at Ticonderoga, 
I ^t July, 1777. 
Parole, St. Peters. Couriterfign, Weftminfter. 

Brigadiers and Brigade Majors as yefterday. 
Field Officer for Picquet Britifh, Major Forbes. 
Field Officer for Picquet German, Major Elvren- 
krook. 



Efq. a Captain in the army, by 
Britannia, daughter of Charles Ham- 
tlton, of Monaghan, in Ireland, Efq. 
He was appointed Gentleman Ca- 
det in the Royal Artillery 1760, 
Enfign in the 31ft Foot 1765, and 
joined that regiment in the follow- 
ing year at Pcnfacola in Weft Flo- 



regiment acrofs the Atlantic ; and 
was prelcnt at the aftion of Trois 
Rivieres, on the 8th of June. At 
the opening of the campaign of 
1777, he was appointed Aid-de- 
Camp to Major Gen. Phillips, the 
fecond in command j and was 
wounded at the action of Freeman's 



rida. In 1768 he was employed Farm in September. Having rc- 



under Brig. Gen. Haldimand in a 
particular fervice to New Orleans and 
the Natches, on the MilTiifippi , and 
in 1769 removed with the regiment 
to St. Auguftine in Eaft Florida. 
He was promoted to a lieutenancy 
November 23, that year. In 1771, 
he was employed as an Engineer in 
the Bahama Iflands; and having re- 



turned to England in March, 1778, 
Capt. Green was appointed Aid-de- 
Canip to Lt. Gen. Sir A. Oughton, 
Commander-in-chief in North Bri- 
tain ; after whofc death, in May, 
1780, he rejoined the 31ft regiment, 
and in 1781 was appointed Major 
of brigade to the Montreal dirtrift. 
He was included in the brevet of 



joined the 31ft regiment at the latter Majors in 1783, and purchafed the 



end of 1772, in the Ifland of St. 
Vincent, ferved in the campaign 
againft the revolted Charibs. He 
returned to England with the regi- 
ment in May, 1773 ; was appointed 
Adjutant foon after; purchafed the 



majority of the 31ft in 1788. On 
the breaking out of the war in 1793, 
he being then nearly at the head of 
the lill ot Majors in the army, was 
appointed Lieutenant Colonel of one 
ot the battalions formed from the in- 



captain-lieutenancy in 1 774, and dependent companies; whence, in 
fucceeded to a company in 1775. February, I 794., he exchanged to the 
In 1776 he again accompanied the command of the 30th regiment. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 21 

Communications to be made between the fecond 
Line and firft Line towards the great wood leading 
from Crown Point to Ticonderoga. 

Should it be necellary to fuftain the Advanced 
Corps of the Army. The Firji Brigade Britifh 
will move by Land, the Seond Brigade by water. 
It will be therefore neceflary that the ground over 
which the Firft Brigade would pafs, be thoroughly 



with which he proceeded to Corfica 
in May tollowing, and remained 
there until 1 796, having for the 
greater part of that time afted as 
Infpcftor General of Corfican troops 
raifed for the Britilh fervice. In 
1796 Lieut. Col. Green was ap- 
pointed Civil Governor of Grenada, 
in which office he continued until 
1801, when, his fight being much 
injured by the climate, he received 
pcrmiffion to return. He had in the 
mean time been promoted to the 
rank of Colonel, in January, 1797, 
and Brigadier General, Oft. 1798. 
Early in 1803, he was appointed 
Brigadier General on the ftaff in 
Ireland, and commanded in the 
counties of Tippcrary and Kilkenny; 
and was afterwards removed to the 
ftafF in England, and to command 
at Dover and Deal. He received 
the honour of knighthood May 3, 
that year. In January, 1804, he 
was appointed Colonel of the York 
Light Infantry Volunteers. In the 
fame month he received orders to 
proceed immediately to Barbadoes, 
to take the temporary command of 
the troops in the Leeward Iflands. 



He arrived there in March, and, in 
purfuance of his inllniftions, failed 
in April, in command of an expedi- 
tion againft the Dutch fettlement of 
Surinam, which, after an aftive 
feries of operations for about nine 
days, capitulated to the Bridfh arms. 
He remained at Surinam about a 
year in adminiftration of the civil 
government ; and, having obtained 
leave to return home on account of 
ill health, was honoured on his 
arrival with a patent of Baronetcy, 
dated December 5, 1805. In May, 
1807, Sir Charles Green was ap- 
pointed to the command of the gar- 
riibn at Malta, which he retained 
until the May following. In Au- 
guft, 1808, he was removed to the 
16th regiment; in 1809 promoted 
to the rank of Lieutenant General ; 
in March, 1812, placed on the 
Staff to command the Northern 
diftrifl; in November, 1 81 3, re- 
moved to the London dillrift ; in 
1814, appointed Colonel of the 
37th Foot ; and in I 819, advanced 
to the rank of General. He died 
at Cheltenham, in 1831, aged 81. 
(Annual Biog. xvt, 439.) 



22 Burgoy?tes Orderly Book. 

reconnoitered, and it is to be a ftanding rule for 
the Commanding Officers of Corps, as well as the 
Brigadiers, always to make themfelves acquainted 
with the Ground in Front. No fires to be made 
at the roots of trees, nor are the trees not cut down 
to be belted, as marks of communication will be 
fufficiently made by notches. 

A Working Party of 25 men, a Regiment from 
the Right Wing with Officers in proportion to be 
ready to turn out at five o'clock tomorrow morn- 
ing, to attend the Commanding Engineer. 

Camp near Ticondercga, 
2'! July, 1777. 
Parole, St. 'Theodorius. Counterfign, Gkucejler. 
Brigadier General for Britifli, Hatnilton^ 
Brigade Major, Kirknicm. 

Field Officer for Britifh Picquet, Major Irwing. 
Brigadier General German, Gall, 
Brigade Major, Gifmar. 
Field Officer German Picquet, Major Luke. 

I James Inglis Hamilton was the expedition againft Bcllcide. On 

Captain in the Army as early as the incrcafe of the Army in 1 761, 

1755, and on the 25th Augull, Captain Hamihon was appointed 

1756, obtained a coinpany in the Major commanding the newly raifed 
34.th Foot, which regiment had 113th regiment, and on its reduc- 
formed part of the garrifon at Fort tion in 1 763 went on half pay. 
St. Philip when beficged by the In 1772 he obtained the brevet 
French in June, 1756. In 1758 rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and 
the regiment was employed in the on ihe nth March, 1774, was 
expedition to St. Male on the coaft appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the 
of France, and in 1760 fcrved in 2 ill or Royal North Britifh Fuzi- 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 23 

Upon the Order for eftablifliing Point an Fer a 
Military Poft, Lieut. Twifs of the Corps of Engi- 
neers, with Lieut. Beacrojt of the 24th Regiment, 
Affiftant Engineer, were fent there to form the 
Eftablifhment accordingly. 

A Detachment of Infantry was alfo fent to cover 
the Workmen and defend the Poft, when it be- 
came a matter of doubt whether the Officer Com- 
manding that Detachment was to confider himlelt 
under the Orders of the Engineer at that Poft, 
although of Senior Rank by Commiffion. 

To prevent Doubts or Inconveniences in the 
Service for the future, it is to be underftood by the 
Army, that whoever has the honour to have a 
Commiffion from the King muft take Command 
according to the date of fuch Commiffion, and 
therefore Engineers and Affiftant Engineers, being 
ftationed or employed by Order ot the Commander 

leers, and proceeded to Canada in fcparation of the pfficers from the 

1776 with the rank of Brigadier foldiers, he did all in his power to 

General, having the command of the alleviate the fufferings of the men and 

2d brigade. Having accompanied ordered that they fhould be paid the 

the Britilh portion of the " Con- balance of their accounts. Brig, 

vention " troops to Maflachufetts, Hamilton was advanced to the rank 

his name is found figned to the of Major General in 1787, and on 

parole given by the officers at the zzd Augull, 1 792, was appointed 

Cambridge in December. Thefe Colonel of the 15 th Foot, and on 

troops having been afterwards or- the 20th June, 1794, ot his old re- 

dered to the South, Brig. Hamilton gimcnt, the ziftFuzileers. He was 

was ftationed at Frcdericktown in advanced to the grade ot Lieutenant 

Maryland. When orders were General in 1 797 ; became General 

received for their removal to Lan- in the Army in 1802, and died at 

cafter on the approach of Lord his houfe at Murdollown, 27th July, 

Cornwallis in 1 781, and for the 1803. 



24 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

in Chief at any Poft with any Detachment of the 
Army, muft be obeyed as commanding that Pofl:, 
fliould the date of his Commiffion be ienior to that 
of other Officers in luch a Situation. 

The Condudl however of the Officers who went 
on thefe Detachments is to be commended by 
having declined any difpute which might have 
proved of any inconvenience to the Service. 

The Parties that were applied for by the Pay- 
mafler General and the Hofpital, being for a tem- 
porary purpofe, they were of courfe to return to 
their Regiments as foon as that duty was done. 

Camp near Ticonderoga, 
3^ July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Honora, Counterfign, Dover. 

Brigadier Generals and Brigade Majors as yefter- 
day. 

Field Officer Picquet Britiffi, Lieut. Col. Hill. 

Field Officer Picquet German, Major Pajjem. 

It being apparent that Liquor is fold or given to 
the Savages, notwithftanding the pofitive and re- 
peated Orders to the Contrary, the Commanding 
Officers are to ailemble the Sutlers and Women of 
the refpedive Regiments, and inform them that 
the firft perfon found guilty of difobcdience fhall 
inftantly have their liquors and futling llores de- 
ftroyed and turned out of Gamp, belides receiving 
fuch Corporal Punijliment as a Court Martial fhall 
inflid:. All Officers are alfo to communicate to 



Biirgoynes Orderly Book. 25 

their men this prohibition of fupplying the Savages 
with Spirituous Liquors. And it is expecfted that 
Officers, inftead of fcreening Offenders, will be the 
firft to bring them to condign punifliment; and to 
give further force to this prohibition, ten Dollars 
will be paid by the Adjutant General to the firfl 
perfon who fhall dilcover an Offender, upon Con- 
viftion of llich Offender before a Court Martial. 

A large Road of Communication to be made 
forthwith from the Camp of the Left Wing to the 
ground where Col° Briwiens Corps is now ported. 

The Brigade of Gall are to take up the ground 
where Brigadier General Frajer vf^s encamped at 
Threemile Point. They will fend over their 
Quarter Mafters and Camp Collourmen to mark 
their Camp, and have their Baggage loaded, but 
are not to pafs till dark. They will be upon their 
Arms during the night, and be prepared to encamp 
at day light. 

The firfl Brigade Britifh to march immediately 
and take up the ground to the Left of General 
Frajers Corps, extending their Left to the Ravine. 

The Second Brigade to return to Camp as foon 
as the Firjl arrives, and be prepared to move to- 
morrow morning. 

Till further Orders the Regiments are never to 
be without two days' Provifions ready cooked. 

It is known that there are many men in the 
Rebel Army who are well affefted to the Caufe of 
the King. Some have been compelled into the 
4 



26 Burgoy?tes Orderly Book. 

Service, others engaged only with a view of joining 
the King's Troops. The Savages are therefore 
cautioned againfb firing upon any fingle man or 
fmall parties that may be endeavouring to come 
over, and the Army in general will confider thefe 
men in a very different light from common Defert- 
ers, and treat them with all pofTible encourage- 
ment; and fhould it unfortunately happen that any 
Soldier of this Army fliould fall into the hands of 
the Enemy, it will be his Duty to let this Order 
be known in the Enemy's Army. 

The I^ofpital will remain at Threemile Point 
till further orders. One fergeant and twelve men 
is to be furnifhed from each Wing as an Hofpital 
Guard. 

The Hofpital will draw Provifions from the 
CommifTary, who will have Orders to provide frefli 
Provifions as often as pofTible. 

When the Hofpital fhall be fo circumftanced 
that thofe Gentlemen fhall think it necefTary for 
any men to be removed, they will make their 
Application to the Deputy Adjutant General. 

Camp near Ticonderoga, 

4th July, 1777. 
Parole, St. Hillary. Counterfign, Dartmouth. 

Brigadier Generals and Brigade Majors, as yefler- 
day. 



Burgoy?ies Orderly Book. 27 

Field Officer Picquet Britini, Major Harnage.^ 

Field Officer Picquet German, Major Ehron- 
krook. 

The Brigade of Gall to furnifli the working 
Parties on the Weft of the River. 

An Orderly Sergeant from the Britiffi to be in 
waiting till further Orders, day and night, at the 
houfe at Threemile Point. 

The Dragoons of Rcidefel to take up the Ground 
upon the heighth in the rear of General Frafer' s 
Brigade where will be the Head Quarters. All 
poffible diligence is to be ufed to compleat the 
communication and Roads for Artillery. 

No private perfons are to buy horfes from the 
Savages, as they are defigned for the Public Service 
of the Army. 



I Henry Harnage of Bellefwar- 
dine, Shropfhire, England, received 
a commiffion as Licucenant in the 
62d regiment, on the organization 
of that corps in 1757, and ferved 
afterwards in the Weft Indies, where 
he obtained his company in 1767. 
After returning to Ireland this re- 
giment received orders for Canada 
in 1775, at .the clofe oT which year 
Mr. Harnage was appointed Major. 
He was wounded at the battle of 
Stillwater and accompanied the Con- 
vention troops to Cambridge. He 
became Lieutenant-Colonel in the 
Army in l 780; on the 1 8th March, 
1782, was appointed Lieut. Colonel 
of the 104th Foot, but left that re- 



giment in the beginning of 1783, 
and was afterwards appointed In- 
fpcfting Field Officer of Yeomanry 
and Volunteers on 24th September, 
I 803. Mrs. Harnage accompanied 
her hufband throughout this Cam- 
paign, and died May 27, 1790. 
In 1 79 1 his daughter Mary was 
married to George Blackman, Efq., 
afterwards Sir George Harnage, 
Bart.; and in 1798 his daughter 
Ottavia was married to Edward 
Gwatkin, Efq. We find fubfe- 
quently to this William Henry Har- 
nage of Bellefwardine, Captain of 
dragoons, but whether he was fon 
of Lt. Col. Harnage or not, we 
have no means of determining. 



28 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Camp near Ticonderoga, 

5th July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Agatha. Counterfign, Dorchefter. 

Brigadier General Britifh, Powell. 

Brigade Major, Mtiir. 

Field Officer Britifh, Lieut. Coll° Lynd. 

Brigadier General German, Speclit. 

Brigade Major, Cleve. 

Field Officer German, Major Liieke. 

In confideration of the heat of the weather and 
the alacrity with which the men have worked, a 
Refrefliment of Rum will be given to the whole 
Army. The Qr. Mafter with proper parties will 
receive it this evening from Mr. McKenzie at 
Threemile Point at the rate of half a Pint a man. 

The Brigadiers will regulate the Portion of water 
to be mixed with it, and the times of diftribution. 

Exclufive of the working parties upon the Road, 
400 men from the Right Wing are to be kept frefh 
for working under the Chief Engineer tomorrow 
at Sunfet. 

Ticonderoga, 6* July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Stephen. Counterfign, Cambridge. 

The 62'^ Regiment to take poffeffion of Mount 
Independence ; the Regiment of Prince Frederick 
to take polfeffion of Ticonderoga; Brigadier General 
Hamilton to command the two Regiments. 

All the refl: of the Army to Proceed by South 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 29 

Bay, leaving Batteaux and a fmall Guard to follow 
as foon as poflible with the Tents and Baggage. 

General Hamilton will place Guards for the pre- 
fervation of all the Buildings from fire and colledl 
all the Powder and other Stores, and fecure them. 

After Orders at Skeinesbgrough. 

Every Circumftance of this day affords matter of 
Applaule to the Officers and Soldiers. 

Every man mull: now perceive how effential it 
may be to the King's Service to continue vigoroufly 
the purfuit of a flying Enemy. 

The Lieut. General therefore depends upon the 
zeal of the Army not to relax, whatever may be 
the fatigue, while there is a profpeft of overtaking 
the Fugitives. The Provifions remaining is to be 
cooked at day light, in order that the meat may be 
carried cold in the Haverfacks, and the Regiments 
will be ready to move at a moment's warning. 

Camp at Skeinesborough, 

7th July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Martha. Counterfign, Berk/hire. 

The Commiffaries are to deliver to the Army 

eight days' Provifions, commencing the ninth in- 

ftant. This Provifions is on board the Royal 

George. All the reft of the Army's Provifions is 

to be landed tomorrow morning at day break under 



30 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

the direction of Lieut. Ciirrie,^ CommifTary of the 
Second Brigade. 

All papers found containing any intelligence of 
the Rebels are to be fent to the Adjutant General 
immediately; and for the future, it is to be an in- 
variable rule, to fend in all papers of that nature as 
foon as they are found. 

It is of the utmoft prejudice to the King's Offi- 
cers to molefl or territy perfons coming in to fur- 
render; the attempt to take anything from fuch 
people, as well as every other kind of Plunder, will 
be puniflied with the greateft feverity. 

The Standing Order for conducing all Deferters 
from the Enemy to Head Quarters immediately, 
and without queftioning, is not fufficiently attend- 
ed to. 

The Qr. Mr. of each Regiment will be on board 
the Royal George this evening at five o'clock, to 
receive 8 days' Provifions from Capt. Scott, Com- 
miffary to the Firft Brigade. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
July 8^*1, 1777. 
Parole, St. Simeon. Counterfign, Exeter. 

The Lieut. General has made Coll" Skeine^s 
Houfe Head Quarters. A Guard confifting of a 

1 Samuel Currie entered the became ill Lieutenant in 1 772. 
Army as 2d Lieutenant in the 21 ft He was killed at Saratoga in the 
Fuzileers, 14th March, 1766, and courfe of this Campaign. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 3 i 

Serjeant, Corporal and 18 men to be pofl at Head 
Quarters immediately. 

The Pofts of battle are as follow. The Risiht 
Brigade BritiQi are to place their Right to the 
Rock near the wood, and extend their Left to the 
Fort. 

The Dragoons of Reidefel fecure their Flank on 
the heighth in the wood. The Second Brigade 
Britilh are to occupy the Fort. 

The five Companies of the 24"^*^ Regiment are to 
form in the rear of the Fort, as a Corps of Referve. 

The Brigade of Specht is to form on the ground 
where they drew up this morning, with the forti- 
fied Barn before the Centre. This Brigade and 
the Regiment of Hefi"e are to throw a picket into 
the Barn and to fortify a Poft on the Summit of 
the Hill, where they will pofb a picquet of an 
hundred men. 

The Regiment of Hefie are to form with their 
Right to Skeinefborough Houfe, and their Left to 
the Brigade of Specht. 

The ground making it necefiary for the Corps 
to encamp in the front of the Line of Battle, fliould 
they be ordered under arms they are to ftrike their 
Tents inilantly and leave them on the ground. It 
is to be obferved that the Line forms behind the 
Artillery. 



32 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
9th July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Agnes. Counterfign, Stamford. 

All Prifoners that have been taken from the 
Enemy, to be forwarded as foon as poflible, except 
fuch as are wounded, and to be lent on board the 
Commodore under proper Guards. The Guards 
are to return as foon as the Prifoners are delivered. 

One Subaltern and 20 men from the Right Wing 
will mount at the Fort as a main Guard, and re- 
ceive all Prifoners that may be fent. One Subal- 
tern and 20 men will mount at the fortified barn in 
the Left Wing, as a main Guard, and will receive 
all Prifoners that may be fent. 



Camp at S 



keinesborough House, ] 
lo^"^ July, 1777. J 



Parole, St. Eujiage. Counterfign, Falmouth. 

On the 6th of July the Enemy were diflodged 
from Ticonderoga by the meer continance and 
adlivity of the Army, and driven on the fame 
day beyond Skeinefborough on the Right, and to 
Huberton on the Left, with the lofs of all their 
Artillery, five of their armed veffels taken and blown 
up, by the fpirited conduft of Capt. Carter^ of the 

I John Carter was appointed Major in tlie Army Z9th Augull, 

ift Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery 1777, for his conduft on the above 

2d April, I 757; Captain-Lieutenant occafion ; he reached the rank of 

ill January, 1759; and Captain Lieutenant-Colonel in the Army in 

7th December, 17635 appointed 1783, when his name is dropped. 



Burgoyiies Orderly Book. 33 

Artillery, with a part of his Brigade of Gun boats, 
and a very great quantity of Ammunition, Provi- 
fions and ftores of all forts, and the greateft part of 
their Baggage. 

On the 7th Brigadier General Frafer at the head 
of a little more than half the Advanced Corps, and 
without Artillery, which with the utmoft endeav- 
ours it was impollible to get up, came up with near 
two thoufand of the Enemy, ftrongly ported, at- 
tacked and defeated them with the lofs on the 
Enemy's part of many of their Principal Officers, 
two hundred men killed on the fpot, a much larger 
number wounded, and about two hundred made 
prifoners. Major General Reidefel with his Ad- 
vanced Guard confifling of the Chafleur Company 
and Grenadiers and Light Infantry arrived in time 
to fuftain General FraJ'er, and by his judicious 
Orders and afpirited execution of them, obtained a 
Share for himlelf and for his Troops in the Glory 
of the Aftion. 

On the 8th Lieut. Coll° Hill' at the head of the 
9th Regiment was attacked near Fort Anne by 

I John Hill was commiffioned Lieutenant Colonel of the 9th Foot, 

Lieutenant in the 19th Foot on 4th then under orders for Canada. This 

Auguft, 1756; obtained a company regiment formed, on arriving in that 

in the 13th Foot in December, country, part of the 2d brigade un- 

1758, and was advanced to the raniv der Brig. Hamihon and was can- 

of Major in Oftober, 1765. On toned in the fettlcments back of 

the iith September, 1775, he be- Montreal until the opening of this 

came Lieutenant Colonel in the difallrous campaign. On the 7th 

Army, and on the I oth November of of July, 1777, he took poft with 

the fame year was promoted to be his regiment at Fort Anne, where 

5 



34- Burgoy7ie s Oj'derly Book, 

more than fix times his number, and repulfed the 
Enemy with great lofs, after a continued fire of 
three hours. In confequence of this Adtion Fort 
Anne was burnt and abandoned, and a Party of this 
Army is in polleffion of the Country on the other 
fide. 

Thefe rapid fucccffes, after exciting a proper 
fenfe of what we owe to God, entitle the Troops 
in General to the warmeft praife; and in particular 
diftindlion is due to Brigadier General Frafer, who 
by his Conduit and Bravery, fupported by the fame 
qualities in the Officers and Soldiers under his 



he was attacked by the Americans 
in confiderable force. Col. Hill 
gained great honor by his conduft 
in this aftion, for the enemy finding, 
after repeated attacks, that they could 
not force him in front endeavored 
to furround his men. This move- 
ment he however prevented by 
changing his ground with great 
calmnefs and bravery in the very 
heat of aftion, and after a fight of 
three hours obliged the Americans 
to retreat, leaving fome thirty pri- 
foners and the colors of the New 
Hampfhirc regiment in the hands 
of the 9th regiment. I Lt. Col. Hill 
participated in the other engage- 
ments in this campaign and figncd 
the parol at Cambridge (Maf;.), in 
December, 1777. He became a 
Colonel in the Army in 1782, and 
continued with the 9th until the 
Summer of 1783, when he retired 
from the Army. His name is 



among the fubfcribers to Capt. 
Anbury's book in 1789. 

1 Gen. Wilkinfon in his Mcmoin, p. 
190, gives a lomewhat different verfion of 
this affair, as follows : " The 9th regi- 
ment, under Lieut. Col. Hill, was fcnt in 
purfuit of Col. Long and his detachment, 
confifting of the invalids and convalefcents, 
with his regiment, about 150 ftrong, 
making in the whole four or five hun- 
dred men. Col. Long, finding himfelf 
preffed, advanced and met Lieut. Colonel 
Hill, and an aftion enfued, in which the 
Britilh officer claimed the viftory ; but it 
is a faft, that the 9th regiment had been 
beaten, and was retreating, and but for 
the entire failure of Col. Long's Ammu- 
nition, the Lieutenant-Colonel muft have 
been made priloner, as well as Captain 
Montgomery of that regiment, who was 
wounded and left on the field, when, as 
Gen. Burgoyne tells us, ' Col. Hill found 
it necelfary to change his pojit'wn in the 
heat of aftion ;' but in truth, when his 
corps was obliged to retreat, and Colonel 
Long, for want of ammunition, could not 
purfue him." 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 35 

Command, efFecfled an exploit of material Service 
to the King, and of fignal honour to the Profeffion 
of Arms. 

This Corps have the further Merit of having 
fupported fatigue and bad weather, without bread 
and without murmur. 

Divine Service will be performed on Sunday 
morning next at the head of the Line, and at the 
head of the Advanced Corps, and at fun fet on the 
fame day, a feu de joye will be fired with Cannon 
and fmall Arms at Ticonderoga, Crown Point, the 
Camp at Skeinefborough, and the Camp at Caftle- 
ton, and the Poft of Breemen's Corps. Thefe 
Orders will be read to every Battalion by the Com- 
manding Officers. Major General Reidtifel will 
have them conveyed to the Detached parts of the 
Left Wing. And Brigadier General Hamilton will 
have them conveyed to Crown Point. 

A Return to be fent to Head Quarters this after- 
noon, of what wounded Officers and men are in a 
condition to be moved to the Hofpital at Ticonde- 
roga. 

The General Officers will fend an Account to 
Mr. Rouffeau, Commifiary to the Staff, of the 
number of Rations they would chufe to be daily 
fupplied with. 

The Regiments that have Volunteers ferving 
with them, will fend in a Lift of thofe gentlemen's 
names this afternoon, to the Deputy Adjutant 



36 Burgoy}tes Orderly Book. 

General, mentioning when they joined, and by 
whom recommended. 

The Britifh and German Brigades, Advanced 
Corps and Referve, with the Reidefel Dragoons, 
are to be compleated with powder and ball and 
paper to make up Mufquet Cartridges to 100 
Rounds a man according to the eftabliflied Orders. 
Return to be fent in tomorrow morning to Major 
General Phillips of what Ball is wanting to com- 
pleat every Corps, and what Powder and Paper to 
make up the ball into Cartridges, in order that 
thefe Articles be fent from the Magazine at Ticon- 
deroga immediately. 

It muft have been obferved how difficult it is for 
Magazines to follow the rapid movements of the 
Army, and it is not doubted but the utmolf Care 
will be taken of the fiore of Powder and ball with 
each Regiment. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
11'^ July, ^7JJ- 

Parole, Eloija. Counterfign, Italy. 

Field Officer Britiffi Picquet, Lt. Collo Suther- 
land. 

All the Cattle to be delivered in to the hands of 
Mr. Aff' CommiiTary Macke?izie, who is to make 
an equal partition of them alive through the whole 
Army, taking Receipts from the Quarter Mafters 
of the feveral Regiments for as many days' Provi- 
fion as their refped:ive lots, upon a fair computa- 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 37 

tion may be fuppofed to afford. This diflribution 
of Cattle, with the computation, to be reported as 
foon as it is done. All Cattle brought to any de- 
tached Corps of the Army, or any of the Advanced 
Pofts, or driven in by Order, are to be forwarded 
to the Commiflary General at Head Quarters. 
This is to be a Standing Order unlefs where the 
diftance is too great, to be fupplied from the regu- 
lar Magazines. In that cafe the Commanding 
Officers will make a report of the Cattle they have 
detained for the immediate lubfiltence of their 
Corps or Detachments ; and the Brigade Com- 
millaries will give proper receipts to the Inhabit- 
ants. 

The Return for Ammunition is to be fent by 
Brigades, for the Britilh, and Major General Reidefel 
will fend a General Return for the Left Wing. 
Thefe Returns to be fent in today, and as foon as 
poffible. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
la'"^ July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Abelard. Counterfign, Reading. 

Field Officer BritiHi Picquet, Major Forbes. 

It is obferved that the injundlions given before 
the Army took the Field relative to the Baggage of 
Officers have not been complied with, and that the 
Regiments in General are encumbered with much 
more Baggage than they can poffibly be fupplied 
with means of conveying when they quit the Lakes 



38 Burgoy?te s Orderly Book. 

and Rivers. Warning is therefore again given to 
the Officers to convey by the Batteaux which will 
foon return to Ticonderoga, the Baggage that is 
not indifpenfably neceffary to them, or, upon the 
firfl fudden movement, it muft inevitably be left 
upon the ground. 

Such gentlemen as ferved in America the laft 
War may remember that the Officers took up with 
Soldiers' Tents, and often confined their Baggage 
to a Knapfack for months together. When op- 
portunity (hall offit^r to carry forward the Baggage 
that fhall be lodged at Ticonderoga, fo as not to 
interfere with the tranfport of Magazines, the 
Lieut. General will be happy to contribute to the 
convenience and comfort of the Officers. 

Lord Vifcount PcterJJjafu is appointed to adl: as 
Aid de Camp to Lieut. General Burgoyne, and is 
to be obeyed accordingly. 

Govern. Skeine^ is appointed to a6t asCommiflary, 
to adminifter the Oath of Allegiance, and to grant 
Certificates of Protedtion to fijch Inhabitants as fue 
properly for the fame, and to regulate all other 
matters relative to the Supplies and Affiftances that 
fhall be required from the Country or voluntarily 
brought in. 

Mr. Hoakejly is appointed Waggon Mafter to the 
Army. 

I Philip Skene, was ftyled Lieut. Scries, p. 106, for a Biographical 
Governor of Crown Point and Ti- (ketch of him. 
conderoga, &c. See vol. I of this 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 39 

Divine Service at the head of the Right Wing 
at 10 o'clock tomorrow, and at the head of Brig. 
General Frafer s Corps at 1 2 o'clock. 

Tomorrow being fet apart as a day of rejoicing, 
all working Parties are to be remitted, except fuch 
as may be neceilary for the cleanlinefs of the Camp. 
Should the weather be fair the Tents are to be 
ftruck at five in the evening tomorrow, and the 
Troops to form for the Feu de joye an hour 
before Sun fet, in order of Battle, the Ri2;ht Wing; 
taking up the ground according to the Orders of 
the Hth Inftant. And General Frafer s Corps 
taking up the ground allotted in that day's Orders 
to the Left Wing. 

After the Feu de joye the Tents are to be pitched 
again. 

Captain Gardner is going to England. Officers 
who have Letters to fend will leave them at Head 
Quarters before Orderly time the 14th Liftant. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
13th July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Dorothy. Counterfign, Winchejler. 

Field Officer Britiffi Picquet, Major Irivmg. 

The weather being wet the Tents are not to be 
ftruck. And the Troops will form in the Front 
inftead of the Line of Battle. The firing will be- 
gin with the Cannon, and then to be taken from 
Brigadier General Frafer s Corps. 

A Subaltern and 25 men to go tomorrow morn- 



40 Burgoynes Orde7'ly Book. 

ing early to General Reidefets Camp at the River 
near Caitleton to Condudl the Army horfes to 
Skeinelhorough. 

It there are any lick that are likely to recover 
fooner in the General Hofpital at Ticonderoga than 
in Camp, the Brigades will fend in a Return of 
them immediately. 

The Corps on the Left of the River will take 
the Duties on this lide the water. 

A working Party to be furnifhed tomorrow 
morning at day break, to make roads and commu- 
nications towards Fort Anne, and alfo to draw 
Batteaux over the carrying place into the Creek. 
Whatever number of men the Quarter Mafter 
General fliall require for thefe Duties Frajers Corps 
and the Line will furnilh. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
14'h July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Jqfeph. Counterfign, Durham. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lieut. CoUo Hill. 

The Brigades will fend off their Sick reported 
according to yeflerday's Order, to the General 
Hofpital at Ticonderoga, in Batteaux, under the 
care of an Officer. The party that condud: them 
will return immediately to Camp, leaving the Bat- 
teaux at Ticonderoga, except what are necelTary 
for the men to return in. 

It having been reported that the Soldiers ftraggle 
from Camp after Gun firing, and that many dif- 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 4.1 

orders have been committed by them ; this being 
contrary to all Military rule and good difcipline, 
every Soldier is ftridtly forbid to quit the Camp 
after Retreat beating. The Brigadiers will give 
the ftrongeft Orders on this head, and the Com- 
ipanding Officers of Regiments will be anfwerable 
for thole orders being obeyed. 

No Soldier, either of the Advanced Corps, or of 
the Right Wing, to pafs the Bridge at night. The 
Quarter Guards of both Camps are to fend Patroles 
round the Camp from Gun firing to day light, who 
are to make prifoners all Soldiers they find ffrag- 
gling about. And the Commanding Officers of 
Regiments are delired to have the Rolls called at 
uncertain hours of the night, that they may have 
immediate notice of all ablent men. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
15th juiy^ 1777. 

Parole, <S*/. Alexander. Counterfign, Weymouth. 

Field Officer Britilh Picquet, Lieut. Coll" Z/W.' 



• John Lind was at this time 
Lieutenant-Colonel commanding the 
20th Foot. Having entered the army 
he was commiffioned in December, 
1755, Lieutenant in the 34th Foot, 
which regiment fuftained a fiege at 
Fort St. Phillip in 1756, and formed 
part oF the expedition againft Belle- 
ifle in 1760, on the 12th January 
of which year Mr. Lind obtained a 
company. He became Major of the 
regiment in 1771, and on the 6th 



January, 1 776, was commiffioned 
Lieutenant-Colonel of the 20th Foot, 
under orders for Canada. He was 
wounded in two different aftions 
during this campaign. His name 
is attached to the parole figned by 
the Britifh officers at Cambridge, 
Mafs., 13th December, 1 777. In 
1782 he received the brevet rank 
of Colonel ; was raifed to the rank 
of Major General inOftobcr, 1 783, 
and died May lil, 1795. 



4-2 Burgoyjies Orderly Book. 



Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
1 6th July, 1777. 
Parole, St, Silveftre. Counterfign, Devon. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forjier.^ 
The Army to receive four days Provifions. 
The working Parties and covering Party to be 
continued till further Orders. 



I George FoRSTER. This Officer 
fervcd in Germany with the 8th 
Foot, in which he was commiflioned 
a Lieutenant 26th September, 1757. 
He afterwards ferved in America, 
and obtained his Company 25th 
December, 1770. In the early 
Ilage of the Revokition the head 
quarters of his regiment was at 
Niagara with detachments at other 
polls. Capt. Forfter was ilationed 
at Ofwegatchie (now Ogdenlburgh) 
in the fore part of 1776. To dif- 
lodge a party of Americans, of three 
hundred and ninety men, who had 
talien poll: at the Cedars, above 
Montreal, he with two fubalterns 
and one hundred and twenty-fix 
men, and one hundred and twenty 
Indians, were detached on the i ith 
of May to the attack of that poll. 
Proceeding on his march, he learnt 
on the 17 th, that the Americans 
were ignorant of his approach, and 
that if fpeedily attacked, the whole 
party might be iurprifed. The next 
day he landed at Point au Diablc, fix 
miles from the Church of the Cedars, 
and proceeded under the cover of a 
thick wood ; when within a mile of 



the Fort, he halted the detachment to 
make the neceflary difpofitions for 
attack. One divifion was ordered 
to take pofleflion of the wood, and 
to penetrate as near as poffible to 
the enemy, when another party of 
Indians were placed at the Falls, at 
the entrance of the Cafcade, to cut 
off the communication with the 
Mand of Montreal. This party fell 
in with a detachment of the garrifon 
returning from the Cafcades with 
provifions, who fled to the Fort, and 
carried the firft intelligence of Capt. 
Forfl:er's approach. Capt. Forfter 
fent a flag, demanding the furrender 
of the Fort, to which Major Butter- 
field rcqueftcd four hours to con- 
fidcr of it. Capt. Forfter, conceiv- 
ing that the objei^ was to gain time, 
and having learnt that an Officer of 
the Americans had been fent to 
Montreal tor a reinforcement fent a 
fecond flag, ftating that the Indians 
were at prefent under his command, 
but that if the Fort did not furrender, 
and any ot them were killed by fur- 
ther refirtance, he could not anfwer 
for the confequenccs. The Com- 
mandant, in anfwer to this demand. 



Bicrgoyne s Orderly Book. 4.3 

The Second Brigade will fend their fpare Bag- 
gage ofF to Ticonderoga tomorrow morning, 
Lieut. Valancy, Aliiftant Quarter Mafter General, 
will regulate the fpare Batteaux for this purpofe. 
Thefe Batteaux to be brought back as fall as pof- 
fible, in order that the Firfh Brigade may take theirs 
down, who will leave them at Ticonderoga, except 
what will be necelfary to bring the men back to 
Camp, 



agreed to furrendcr the Fort, on 
condition, however, (hat the garrifon 
ihould retire to iVIontreal, which 
Capt. Forfter not conienting to, a 
redoubt was thrown up on the edge 
of the wood, at five hundred yards 
diftance from it. On the morning 
of the 19th of JVlay, he advanced 
within one hundred and twenty yards 
of the Fort, and commenced a heavy 
fire of mufketry, until twelve o'clock, 
when the American Commandant 
furrendered, on condition of fparing 
their lives, and preferving their bag- 
gage from plunder. As Captain 
Forfter was informed the next day, 
that Major Sherborne, with one 
hundred men, was advancing from 
Montreal, he ordered one hundred 
Indians to take poflcffion of the 
woods on both fides of the road, 
and to attack the detachment as it 
advanced. An aftion enfued, which 
only continued about ten minutes, 
when the Americans furrendered, 
and were brought to the Fort by the 
Indians, who had refolved on put- 
ting every one of them to death. 
Captain Forfter rcmonftrated with 



them on this inhuman conduft, and 
at length, by iiis perfuafions, and by 
prefents, cfteftcd their releafe. Capt. 
Forfter then left the Cedars, on his 
way down the river, and on his 
arrival at Vaudreuil, was informed 
that Colonel Arnold, with a ftrong 
party, had advanced as far as La 
Chine from Montreal, and had with 
him fix hundred men, treble the 
number of Forfter's party. Forfter, 
upon hearing this, did not pufli on, 
and ."Arnold apprized of the weak- 
nefs of Forfter's party, marched to 
meet him. On their approach, 
the latter formed in three divifions on 
three feveral points of land that 
ftretched out into the river. They 
had no fooner taken poft, than 
they were attacked on all fides, 
but defended themfelves fo well, 
that the Americans were defeated, 
and retired to St. Anne's, on the 
Ifland of Montreal. Capt. Forfter, 
encumbered with his prifoncrs, pro- 
pofed a cartel, which .^irnold readily 
alTenting to, on the 27th of May, 
an exchange was efFefted tor two 
Majors, nine Captains, twenty Sub- 



44 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
17th July, 1777. 
Parole, St. Louija. Counterfign, Lincoln. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Sutherland. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
iS^'i July, 1777. 

Parole, St. George. Counterfign, Dorjet. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forbes. 

Each Regiment to fend to the Adjutant General 
the names of their petty futtlers and other followers 
not fervants. 

All perfons defirous of eflablifliing Huts or 
Tents, in the rear of the Army, for the fale of ufe- 
ful Commodities, are to apply to the Adjutant 
General,' in order that their charafters, and the 
nature of their Traffick may be inquired into ; and 
any perfon prefuming to Traffick with the Troops 

alterns and four hundred and forty- he became Major of the 21ft Fuzi- 

thrce Soldiers. Four American leers, svVi' Sutherland (^////v;, p. 17), 

Captains were fent to Quebec as and at the end of this campaign ac- 

hoftages, and they remained until the companicd the Convention troops 

prifoners were duly exchanged. The to Cambridge, Mafs., when he was 

cartel however was broken by Con- admitted to parole. He was ad- 

grefs, under' the pretence that Capt. vanced to the rank of Lieutenant- 

Forfter had condufted himfelf to- Colonel in ihc Army in 1782, and 

wards the prifoners in a cruel and of the 66th regiment 3 ift December, 

inhuman manner. In juftice to 1784. His name difappears from 

Capt. Forfter, there was not the the Army Lift in 1787. 
fmallefl: foundation for fuch a charge. 

(Smith's Hijiory of Ca7iada,\\,\i%,- i Major Robert Kingston, of 

1 40.) On the 5th November, 1 776, whom fee foft. 



• Burgoyries Orderly Book. 45 

without a proper permit in writing, or who fliall 
abufe luch permit by retailing Liquors to Soldiers or 
Indians, will be punifhed with feverity. 

The Difturbance of the i6th Inft. between fome 
Britifh and German Soldiers, was occalioiied by 
Liquor, and one of the greateft principles of Mili- 
tary Order was fo far forgot by lome Britifli Soldiers, 
that a Guard was infulted. 

Any condud: for the future, whether of Britifli 
or German, that fliall tend to obftrud: the Harmony 
which has hitherto lo happily reigned between the 
two Nations, and which muft continue to fubfift 
among brave Troops ferving in the fame caufe, 
unlels violated by intoxication or mifapprehenfion, 
will be punilhed as a Crime the moft fatal to the 
fuccefs and honour of the Campaign. A Captain's 
Guard with the Colours ot the oldeft Regiment to 
mount tomorrow upon the Congrefs with the In- 
dian Nations. This Guard is to be at the Indian 
Camp by half paft eight tomorrow morning. 

The Infpeftor of the Hofpital having reprefented 
that two women from each Battalion of the Army 
will be abfolutely neceffary to take care of the Sick 
and Wounded, the Commanding Officers of Corps 
will give their Direftions accordingly. 

Ten Batteaux with 40 Men to attend at the 
Commiflary's Store, to bring Provilions from the 
Row galley. A Serjeant and eighteen men alfo to 
be at the Commiffary's Store, to take on fliore the 
Provifions and to arrange them. This order to be 



4-6 Burgoyne s 0?^derly Book. » 

continued every morning at 5 o'clock, till the Pro- 
vifions are all landed. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, | 
19th July, 1777. I 

Parole, St. Barbara. Counterfign, Blajidford. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Irwing. 

The Germans will receive their Ammunition 
according to the Orders of the loth and 1 ith In- 
ftant, from the Artillery, beginning tomorrow 
morning at 6 o'clock. 

A working party of one hundred men, one Cap- 
tain, Subalterns and Non Commiffioned Officers in 
proportion, to parade tomorrow morning at 4 
o'clock, each with his Blanket and two days Pro- 
vifions. Captain Lawes will meet the Party at 
the Bridge and conduct them. General Frafers 
Corps will furnifh a covering party of a Captain, 
Subalterns, Non Commiffioned Officers and 50 
men. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
20* July, 1777. 
Parole, St. Timothy. Counterfign, Sarum. 

Field Officer Britiffi Picquet, Lt. Col^ Hill. 
A working party of 100 men with proper Offi- 
cers will parade at 4 o'clock this afternoon to draw 
fome Batteaux over the carrying place. General 
Frajer's Corps will furniffi this party. 

Eight days' Provifions for the Corps of Savages, 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 4.7 

Canadian Volunteers, &c. under 'Nl2i]or Campbell to 
be delivered this afternoon to their Commiffary that 
it may be flowed on board their Batteaux immedi- 
ately afterwards. 

The next delivery of Provilions will be fait meat, 
in order to preferve all the Cattle alive for the next 
movement of the Army. Four days' Provifions 
to be ilfued to the Troops to the 24th inclulive. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, | 
21^'^ July, 1777. j 
Parole, St. Cecilia. Counterfign, Marlborough. 
Field Officer Britiih Picquet, Lt. Col. Lmd. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
22*^ July, 1777- 
Parole, St. Clement. Counterfign, Calne. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forjler. 
The Line will relieve all the Polls occupied by 
General Frafer's Corps, with the fame numbers at 
Sun fet this evening. 

Camp at Skeinesborough House, 
23d July, 1777. 
Parole, St. Bridget. Counterfign, Chippenham. 
Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Coll" Suther- 
land. 

The Prifoners of War are to be conveyed from 
Skeinefborough to Ticonderoga tomorrow morning 



48 Biirgoyne^s Orderly Book. 

early under the Efcort of an Officer and twenty 
men Britifh. 

The Sick necellary to be fent to the General 
Hofpital to go at the lame time. 

When the Army moves a Detachment confifting 
of fifty Britifli, fifty Germans, and fifty Provincials 
will be left pofled at Skeinefborough for Ibme days ; 
and that the Battalions may be weakened as little 
as pollible, the Detachments are to be compofed of 
the Convalelcents, and men leafl: able to march ; 
and this Notice is given in hopes that fome men in 
flight cafes of the Flux, defigned for the Hofpital, 
may upon examination be found capable of this 
Duty. 

Brigadier General Powf//will inform the Quarter 
M. General this afternoon of the number of Bat- 
teaux necellary for the above purpole, as far as re- 
gards the Britilh. General Reidefel will regulate 
the proper number of Batteaux for the fick of the 
Left Wing, and fend them from the Eaft Creek. 

As many Carts of the Army as can be put in 
repair, with two hories to each, and proper Con- 
dudtors, to be ready to proceed tomorrow under 
fuch Elcort as Brigadier Poivell Ihall regulate ac- 
cording to their numbers. The Efcort, after con- 
ducting the Hories and Carts to the Neighbourhood 
of Fort Anne, will remain as a Guard upon them 
till the Army comes up. They will therefore take 
with them their Knapfacks, Blankets, and three 
days' Provifions. The Conductors are to take in 



Burgoy?2es Orderly Book. ^9 

tneir Carts grafs for one day, and a portion of the 
Corn now in Store, according to their numbers, 
taking care to preferve the Corn till the horfes come 
upon the hard work. 

Lieut. Atherton is appointed to adl as Provoft to 
this Army, and is at all times to have the Guard of 
a Serjeant and 10 Britifli, and a Serjeant and the 
fame number of Germans. This Guard to be re- 
lieved once a fortnight. And at the marking of 
every new encampment, a proper houfe or Ground 
for the Provoft, is always to be allotted in the Rear 
of the Army. 

Befides Patroles of the Provoft to be made daily, 
and occalionally at night, to preferve the regularity 
and cleanlinefs of the Camp, he has Orders to en- 
force in the ftridleft manner, the Regulation of the 
1 8th Inft. relative to the vending of Spirituous 
Liquors by the Sutlers or any other followers of 
the Army. For this purpofe he is directed diligently 
to examine all Huts, Tents, or other abodes in the 
rear of the Encampment, and wherever any Perfon 
ftiall be found trafficking without a permit from 
the Adjutant General, or (having fuch permit) 
of retailing fpirituous Liquors to Soldiers, Women 
or Savages, or prefuming to fell fuch liquors to 
Servants of Officers or other Perfons whatfoever 
without a Certificate in writing figned by a Com- 
miffion Officer, the Provoft is inftantly to make 
the Offender Prifoner, to have all the Liquors be- 
7 



50 Burgoyne s Of^lerly Book. 

longing to him or her deftroyed, and burn the 
dwelling. 

This order to be forthwith made known by the 
Provoft to all the followers of the Army encamping 
out of the Line. As foon as the Provoft's Guard 
is eflabliflied, the Prilbners are to be delivered over 
to him, and the main Guard will ceale. The Ger- 
man Dragoons will furnifh the Serjeant and lo men 
for the Provoft's Guard till the Left Wing arrives. 

A Subaltern and 25 men of the Picquet to re- 
main upon the old ground, the Field Officer will poft 
the reft of the Picquet upon the Left, where the 
Picquet of the Advanced Corps was ported. Each 
Regiment will give a Batteau to Lieut. Valancy,^ 
Affiftant Quarter Mafter General. 

The Army to be Vidtualled to the lirft of Auguft. 

The Officers for the Detachment named in yef- 
terday's Orders to remain at Skeinefborough are to 
be one Field Officer, one Captain and one Subal- 
tern Britilh, one Captain, one Subaltern German, 
and two Subalterns of the Provincial Corps. 

As the German part of the Detachment cannot 
join till tomorrow night, the Britiffi are to relieve 
the Guards upon the Cattle at the Red houfe this 

I George Preston Vallancv Captain i Sth Auguft, 1778, and 

entered the army in ; and was went on half pay in 1784.. He 

commiffioned Lieutenant in the 62d was appointed to the 46th or South 
regiment ift September, 1771, and Devonfhire Foot, on the 31ft May, 
afted as Affiftant Quartermafter 1787, and continued with that re- 
General throughout this campaign, giment until 1792, when his name 
He was advanced to the rank of difappears from the Army lifts. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 51 

evening, which is to confilt of a Serieant, Corporal 
and twelve. The Field OlScer will receive his 
inrtruclions from the Adjutant General this even- 
ing. 

The Provilions, ice- of the Right Wing, Tents 
excepted, to be loaded this afternoon . The General 
to beat tomorrow morning inrtead ot the Revallie 
at three o'clock; the Tents are then to be put on 
board, and the Batteaux to proceed immediately 
under a proper Efcort. The AlTembly will beat 
an hour after, and the Troops to march. 

The Reidefel Dragoons make the Advanced 
Guard. 

The Rear Guard is to be compofed of a Captain 
and one Company from the Regiment in Rear. 
The Provoll's Guard to follow a quarter of a mile 
in the Rear of the whole, and take up all Strag- 
glers. 

The Officer commanding the Efcort of the Boats 
will be anfwerable that no Soldier or other perfon 
go athore till they arrive at the place of Deftina- 
tion, great enormities having been committed at 
different times upon the People of the Countn' for 
want of this being attended to. The Provincials 
will march in the Rear of the Britiih. The Carts 
are to follow in between the main Body and the 
Rear Guard. Thofe Regiments that with to re- 
ceive money on account of the enfuing Muller, 
wUl fend their Pay mailers to the Deput)^ Pay Marter 
General at Ticonderoga for the money want. And 



52 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

will rejoin their Regiments by the firft Efcort over 
Lake George. 

Field Officer for the Command at Skeinefbo- 
rough, Major Irtving. 

Camp at Fort Anne, 

Parole, St. Rqfalind. Counterfign, Canterbury. 

His Excellency Sir Guy Carleton has been pleafed 
to make the following Promotions in the Army at 
the Recommendation of Lieut. General Burgoyne : 

9th Regiment, Enfign Jofeph Fijh^ to be Lieuten- 
ant, vice Lieut. Wejirop^ killed, dated 14th July. 
Volunteer Thomas Dcati'' of the 31 ft Regiment to 
be Enfign, vice FiJJ.\ 

24th Regiment, Captain William Agnew'' to be 
Major, vice Major Grant'' killed. Captain Lieut. 

I Joseph Fish was commiflioned 4 William Agnew was com- 

Enfign in the 9th Foot 7th Oftober, miffioned Lieutenant in the 24th re- 

1775, and was advanced to the rank giment in 1756; became Captain- 

of Lieutenant 14th July, 1777. He Lieutenant in 1763, and obtained his 

continued in the fervice until after company 20th May, 1767. He was 

the peace of 1783. promoted to be Major on 14th July, 
1777, and was twice wounded in 

^ Richard Westropp was ap- this campaign. His name is at- 

pointed Enfign in the 9th Foot 14th tached to the Cambridge parole, 

March, 1772, and Lieutenant ill dated 13th December, 1777. He 

January, 1 774. became Lieutenant-Colonel of his 

regiment in 1782, but continued fo 

3 Thomas Dean was commif- only the fore part of 1783. 
fioned Enfign in the 9th Foot, 14th 

July, 1777; became Lieutenant in 5 Robert Grant was commil- 

Scptember, 1781, and Capt. Lieut, fioned a Lieutenant in the 620 (af- 

in 1787. His name is dropped in terwards 77th) or ift Highland bat- 

1793. talion, known generally as Mont- 



Burgoyftes Orderly Book. ^t, 

George Coote^ to be Captain of a Company, vice 
Agjiew. Lieut. "Thomas Scott- to be Captain Lieut. 



gomery's Highlanders, on the organ- 
ization of that regiment in 1757, 
and ferved in the old French war, 
at Fort du Oucfne, Ticonderoga, 
&c. He obtained his company in 
in 1762, and exchanged into the 
40th regiment in 1764; became 
Major of the 24th Foot 5 th March, 
1775, and was killed at the battle 
of Hiibbardton, July 7th, 1777. 
On this occafion he commanded 
the advanced guard About five 
o'clock in the morning, fays Anbury, 
we came up to the enemy who were 
bufily employed in cooking their 
provifions. Major Grant, of the 
24th regiment, who had the ad- 
vanced guard, attacked their picquets, 
which were foon driven in to the 
main body. From this attack we 
lament the death of this very gallant 
and brave officer, who in all pro- 
bability fell a viftim to the great 
difadvantagcs wc experience peculiar 
to this unfortunate conteft, thofe of 
the rifle-men. Upon his coming up 
with the enemy, he got upon the 
ftump of a tree to reconnoitre, and 
had hardly given the men orders to 
fire, when he was ftruck by a rifle 
ball, tell off the tree, and never ut- 
tered another fyllable. 

I George Coote was appointed 
to a lieutenancy in the 98th regiment 
28th Oft. 1 760. This regiment was 
reduced in 1763, and on 16th Jan. 



1765, Mr. Coote palled into the 
24th by purchafe. He was ordered 
to Canada with his regiment in 
1776, having been promoted to the 
command oi a Company on 2d 
March ot that year, and went on 
half pay after the peace of 1783, 
and to remained until 1797, after 
which his name difappears from the 
Army lilt. 

2 Thomas Scott was appointed 
to an Enfigncy in the 24th Foot 
the 20th May, 1761 ; he joined in 
Germany, and ferved the whole of 
the campaign of 1762, carried the 
colors at the a6lion of Willimftall or 
Grabiniton, and alfo at the attack 
of the Britifh picquets on the Fulda, 
under the command of Major Hume 
of the 25th regiment, which the 
24th fupported. After the war he 
ferved at Gibraltar for nearly fix 
years with the exception of one 
year's leave of abfence. The 7th 
June, 1765, he was appointed 
Lieutenant ; he accompanied the 
regiment to America in the Spring 
of 1776, and ferved that campaign 
and the following one under Gen- 
eral Burgoyne, with a company of 
Markfmen attached to a large body 
of Indians, during which there was 
a variety ot very fatiguing and hard 
fervice. On the 14th July, 1777, 
he was promoted to be Capt. Lieut, 
of his regiment, and in moll of this 



54 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

vice Coote. Enlign yohii Fergufon to be Lieutenant, 



campaign employed on the outpoll: 
duty, which was done fo much to 
the fatiiTaftion and approbation of 
his commanding officer, Brigadier 
General Frafer, that he was twice 
thanked in public orders ; he was 
in the aftion of Freeman's Farm, 
where a very confiderable lofs was 
fuftaincd in officers and men ; was 
foon after fent in difguife through 
the enemy's country with difpatches 
from General Burgoyne to Sir Harry 
CUnton, and for which purpofe he 
was pardcularly felefted out by 
Brig. General Frafer, and which he 
effefted with much difficulty and 
great perfonal rifle of being taken 
and hanged as a fpy, having at the 
fame time fufFered the extreme of 
hunger and cold. He was appointed 
the 8th Odlober, 1777, Captain in 
the 53d regiment, then in Canada, 
with which he ferved the remaining 
part of the war 5 he was upon two 
expeditions from Canada to the 
Mohawk river, under the command 
of Sir John Johnflon, which were 
attended with great fadgue, and 
much harrafled by the enemy, for 
which fervice he was felefted by 
Sir Frederick Haldimand. He com- 
manded the Fort and Ifland of 
Michilimackinac with its extenfive 
dependencies for a year, having 
been fent there for the purpofe of 
carrying into effefl: reforms ordered 
to be made by government, as well 
as to correft abufes which had crept 
into the Indian department. This 
he did to the enure fauffaftion of 



Lord Dorcherter, at that time com- 
manding in Canada, and to the 
company of merchants trading to 
that country. He returned to Eu- 
rope twelve months before his regi- 
ment in 1788. In 1791 he ferved 
fix months during the Spanilh arm- 
ament with a detachment of the 53d 
regiment on board his Majelly's 
fhip Hannibal, commanded by Sir 
John Colpoys ; accompanied the 
regiment to the continent in the 
Spring of 1793 under Sir Ralph 
Abercrombie ; was in the Affair at 
Famars, ferved the whole of the 
fiege of Valenciennes and of Dun- 
kirk, and was in the whole of that 
day's attack where the Auftrian 
General D'Alton was killed ; alfo 
at the fiege of Nieuport, where he 
was promoted to the rank of Major 
for his exertions in the defence 
thereof (13th November, 1793); 
was in the aftion of the 24th of 
May, and was wounded that day 
in the infide of the right thigh, by 
a muflcet ball. The 27th Odfober, 
1794, he was appointed to the 
Lieutenant Colonelcy of the 94th 
(Scotch brigade) regiment by pur- 
chafe, and went with it to Gibraltar 
in 1795, to the Cape of Good Hope 
in 1796, where he was Deputy 
Adjutant General to the forces, 
which fituation he relinquifhed in 
order to go with his regiment to 
India in 1 798. He ferved the 
whole of the campaign of 1799, in 
the Myfore country, commanded a 
native brigade, was at the fiege and 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 55 

vice Scott. Volunteer Lindfay'' to be Enfign, vice 
FergufonC- 

29th Regiment, Enfign Dowling^ of the 47th 
Regiment to be Lieutenant, vice Lieutenant Doug- 
lafs^ killed. All dated as above, 14th July, 1777. 

Fort Ann, 26'*^ July, 1777- 
Parole, St. Matthew. Counterfign, Windburn. 

Field Officer Britifh, Lieut. €0]° Hill. 
It being proper to keep the Advanced Corps 
compleat in their prefent fituation, the Right Wing 
of the Line is to furnifh a party of 150 men with 
one Captain, two Subalterns, and proper number of 
Non CommilTion Officers to condud: the boats of 



taking of Scringapatam, and in con- 
fequence of ill health returned to 
Europe in 1800. The ill January, 
1 80 1, he was appointed Colonel by 
brevet J in September, 1802, In- 
ipefting Field Officer of the Edin- 
burgh recruiting diftrift ; in 1803 
Deput}' Infpeftor General of the 
Recruiting Service in North Britain ; 
in Augufl, 1 804, Brigadier General ; 
25th April, 1808, Major General 
on the llaff of North Britain, and 
fervcd as fuch until 4th June, 1813, 
when he was promoted to Lieut. 
General, in confequence of which 
his appointment on the ftafFceafed. 
He died in 1814. 

I Wat. Crymble Lindsay was 
promoted to a lieutenancy Z4th 
April, 1782, and did not obtain 
any higher rank in the army. His 



name appears for the lafl time in the 
Army Hft of 1787. 

- John Ferguson was commif- 
fioned Enfign in the Z4th regiment 
3lftAuguft, 1774, and was pro- 
moted to a lieutenantcy as in the text. 
His name was dropped in 1783. 

3 James Dowling was appointed 
Enfign in the 47th regiment 1 8th 
June, 1775, and was tranffcrred 
and promoted to the 29th as above. 
He went out in 1 781. 

4 James Douglass, of the zgth 
regiment, entered the army in 1773 
and was promoted to be Lieutenant 
30th June of the following year. 
He was wounded at the battle of 
Hubbardton, and as he was carried 
off the field received a ball diredlly 
throue:h his heart. 



56 Burgoyfjes Orderly Book. 

Brigadier Frafer's Corps to Skeinelborough, where 
they are to deliver them into the hands of Capt. 
Harrington.^ This party is to return to Camp as 
foon as the boats are deUvered. Fihy of the above 
party are to take their Arms with them. 

All the Ox teems that are with the German 
Troops at Skeinefborough, and likewile all the 
Horfes and Carts not the private Property of Offi- 
cers, to be forwarded as foon as pollible after the 
receipt of this Order, to the Waggon Mafter at the 
Camp of Fort Anne. All Teems, Horfes and Carts 
under the fame defcription in the hands of the 
Britifli (the Advanced Corps excepted) to be de- 
livered into the Hands of the Waggon Mafter 
forthwith, in order that he may form a proper dif- 
tribution for the next movement of the Army. 
The Proyifions muft be firft attended to, the men's 
Tents next, and the Officer's Tents and Baggage 
afterwards. 

It being impoffible to fupply Ibfficient Carriages 
to eftedf the above purpofes at once, and the Service 
at the lame time requiring as fpeedy a movement 
as the nature of the Roads will permit, the Troops 
muft expeft to be fome days without their ufual 
conveniences. The Commanding Officers will 

' Henrv Harrington entered 1772, and appointed to the 20th 

the army in 1759 as Enfign in the Foot, and on the 28th March, 1777, 

5th Foot, ferving then in Germany ; was promoted to a company in the 

was appointed Lieutenant 2d April, 62d. We find his name in the 

I 762, and went on half pay in 1 763, Army lill of 1 786 tor the lall time. 
He was recalled to adlive fervice in 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. ^y 

therefore take care that three days' provifions be 
forthwith cooked. 

The Batteaux of the Right Wing to be unloaded 
as foon as they arrive in order that they may be 
returned to Skeenefborough. 

Camp at Fort Anne, 
27^^ July, 1777. 
Parole, St. George. Counterfign, Sherborn. 

Field Officer Britifli, Lieut. Col^ Lind. 
The Right Wing will be in readinefs to march 
tomorrow, in the fame order as from Skeinefbo- 
rough; the Reidefel Dragoons to form the Advanced 
Guard, &c. 

Camp at Fort Anne, 
28'^ July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Bernard. Counterfign, Biddeford. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet. 

The four Britifh Regiments will march this 
evening or tomorrow morning, as Brigadier General 
Powell chufes. 

The Brigade Major will get a Return of the 
number of Collar makers in each Regiment, and 
of all fuch men as can affift in making Harnefs for 
Carts or Sleys. 



58 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Camp at Pitch Pine Plains, 
29'"^ July, lyjj. 

Parole St. Edward. Counterfign, Exmouth. 

Britifh Picquet Field Officer, Major Forbes. 

The Advanced Corps of the Army will encamp 
tomorrow on the heighth beyond Fort Edward. 
The Indians, Canadians, and luch of the Provin- 
cials as are arrived, in the front, and upon the Left 
Flank of the Advanced Corps. The Head Quar- 
ters will be at the Red houfe near Fort Edward, 
covered by the Reidefel Dragoons, who will en- 
camp in the Plain. The Right Wing of the Line 
will encamp on the rifing ground on this fide the 
Plain. The Tranlport of Provifions and Camp 
equipage of the Advanced Corps, and the Right 
Wing, having been greatly impeded by want of 
pundluality in the arrival of the oxteams ordered 
from Skeinefborough, it becomes neceffary to halt 
the Left Wing at Fort Anne, till that Service is 
performed ; during this halt. Major General Reidefel 
will order proper Detachments to convey to 
Skeinelhorough all the Batteaux from Fort Anne, 
and after delivering them there, thofe Detachments 
will rejoin their refpedtive Corps. 

The Provincials and Canadians who are not 
arrived, will march this afternoon under proper 
Officers of their own, to Fort Anne, in order to 
affift in the above Service, and afterwards to affift 
in tranfporting the Batteaux over the carrying place 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 59 

at Skeineftorough, and from thence to Ticon- 
deroga. 

And meafures are taking for proving them with 
Arms to be delivered there, with which they will 
afterwards join their Corps by the Route of Lake 
George. The Commanding Officers of Corps are 
to be anfwerable that the Carts employed in the 
Regimental Baggage are not overloaded, the flight- 
nefs of the Carts and the prefervation of the horfes 
renders a ftrid: attention in this point of the greatell 
confequence, and the Service will fuffer much lefs 
by a delay of time, than from the inconveniences 
attending broken Carriages and exhaull:ed Cattle. 
The fame order holds good in the fulleft ienk with 
regard to all Officers or CommilTaries charged with 
the Tranfport of Provilions. 

The Brigadiers General will place fafe Guards 
wherever there is Indian or other Corn or good 
Grafs in the neighborhood of their Encampment, 
to preferve it for the ufe of the Cattle of the Army. 

When any Body of Canadians or Regulars may 
occafionally be ordered to join the Savages, they 
are to be under the Command of Major Campbell 
unlefs the Officer of the Regular Troops fliould be 
of Superior Rank. Major Campbell is to receive 
Direftions from Brigadier General Frafer till fur- 
ther Orders. 



6o Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

Camp at Fort Edward, 
30'h July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Gervas. Counterfign, Newcajlle. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col° Hill. 

Each Regiment of the Line will turn out 20 
men, burn and bury all old meat, rubbifh, and every 
other nuifance in or t2ear the Camp, under the 
Diredtion of the Provofl:. This is not confined 
merely to the ground where the Troops are en- 
camped on, but extended to every nuifance and 
unwholefome thing about the Camp. 

Twenty men are to be fent immediately with 
fpades and pickaxes to Head Quarters to burn and 
bury all old meat, rubhiih and every other nuifance 
there. 

Camp at Fort Edward, 

31" July, 1777. 

Parole, St. Bafil. Counterfign, Lyons. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col" Lind. 

The Picquet of the Reidefel Dragoons, confift- 

ing of an Officer and 24 men with Non Commif- 

fion Officers in proportion, to be pofled at the Fort 

to guard the ford there, and extend Centries in 

the to Major General Phillips^ Quarters on their 

I William Phillips was com- Artillery at the battle of Minden in 

miffioned Captain in the Royal 1759, and received the particular 

Artillery on 12th May, 1756, and thanks ot" Prince Ferdinand on that 

afterwards diftinguilhed himfclf in occafion with a prefent of one 

Germany. He commanded the thoufand crowns as a reward for his 



Bu?^goy?2es Orderly Book. 



6i 



Right, and covering Head Quarters to the end of 
the Ifland upon their Left. They are to remain 
upon this Duty after day break, till the Fogs are 
quite cleared up, and then return to Camp. 

Camp at Fort Edward, | 
i'^"^ Auguft, 1777. j 

Parole, St. Thomas. Counterfign, Barnet. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col° Suther- 
land. 

The Standing Order refpefting Stragglers from 
Camp is very ill obeyed. Soldiers have been feen 
at the diftance of three miles. Some have very 
narrowly efcaped being made prifoners, others have 
been fired upon by the Savages who fuppofed them 



ferviccs, and in the tollowing year 
alfo dilVingiiiflied himfelf in the bat- 
tle of Warbourg. He was in return 
promoted in Auguft, 1760, to the 
rank of brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 
in the Army; in 1768 received the 
finecure appointment of Lieutenant- 
Governor of Windfor Caftle, and 
in 1772, became Colonel in the 
Army. In January, 1 776, he was 
commiffioned Major Genera! in the 
Army " in America," and was at- 
tached to the expedition under Lieut. 
Gen. Burgoyne. In Auguft he 
was gazetted full Major-General. 
Throughout this period he adled 
with valor, and on the furrender 
became a priioner with the reft of 
the Army. On Burgoyne proceed- 
ing to England in May, 1778, Maj. 
General Phillips fucceeded to the 



command of the Convention troops. 
In this trying pofition he at times 
exhibited evidences of a cholcrick 
and impatient temper. He was 
finally exchanged in Nov. 1 779, and 
returned to aftive fervice. In the 
Spring of 1 781, he was detached 
from New York with a force of 
2000 men to the relief of Brig. Gen. 
Arnold, then at the Chefapeake. 
He committed much damage in 
Virginia, and after a brief career, 
marked by all the dcvaftations of 
war, he was feized by a fever on 
the I ft, and died at the refidcnce of 
Mrs. Boiling, near Peterftjurg, on 
the I 3th of May, I 78 1 , whilft Gen. 
La Fayette was yet cannonading the 
place. His remains were depofited 
in the old Blandford Church-yard, 
where they ftill repofe. 



62 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

to be Enemies or Deferters, and who certainly 
would have fcalped them as luch, had their ihot 
lucceeded. 

The Officers will alio recoiled: that the Order of 
the Camp at Crown Point for the Troops to get 
inftantly under arms on the firing Four Guns, fub- 
fifts during the Campaign, and that we are now 
within three miles of the Enemy. They will con- 
fequently take care never to be fo far out of the 
way as to expofe themfelves to the cenfure ot not 
being among the firll: at the head of the Lines in 
cafe of an Alert. 

The rolls are to be called twice a day and once 
a night at inequal hours. 

If fetching water is made an Excufe of Abfence 
from roll calling, it becomes a refledlion upon the 
Difcipline of the Regiments, as that Duty, when 
the water is not clofe to the Camp, fhould be done 
like all other Duties beyond the Camp Colours, 
by Parties under the Charge of Non CommiiTion 
Officers. 

The Regiments will be in readinefs to receive 
Provifions this afternoon at 'i\y. o'clock from Mr. 
Commilfary McKenfie. 

The Mufter Rolls are to be prepared immedi- 
ately ; the Regiments will get their Inftruftions 
from Captain Campbell,^ 29th Regiment, Deputy 
Commiflary General of Mufters. 

i Archibald Campbell entered the 22d June, 1756, and was ad- 
as Enfign in the 29th Foot, known vanccd to the rank of Lieutenant 
as one of the Irilh regiments, on I 3th February, I 762. Though his 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 



Camp at Fort Edward, 
qA Aug. 1777. 
Parole, St. Sabine. Counterfign, Berwick. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forbes. 
The Country people having brought in fheep 
for fale, Notice is given that Officers chufing to 
buy may purchafe them. 

Camp a'v Fort Edward, 
3d Aug. 1777. 

Parole, Xavier. Counterfign, Glamorgan. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lieut. Col° Hill. 

The 2 1 ft Regiment is to be relieved tomorrow 
morning by a Regiment from the Left Wing, 
which Regiment will have two pieces of Cannon 
with it. 

This Regiment will be relieved by the Regiment 
of Heffe Hanau, when that Regiment moves for- 
ward from St. Anne's. 



regiment was fcnt to America in 
1766, to enforce the odious meaf- 
ures of the miniftry, and was fubfe- 
quentlv involved in the memorable 
maffacre which occurred in Bofton 
in 1770, Mr. Campbell, who ob- 
tained his company 2d of Augull, 
1769, does not appear to have been 
mixed up with that unfortunate affair. 
The Grenadier company which he 
commanded failed from Spithcad in 
H. M. fhiplfis on the I iih March, 



1776, and landed at Quebec on the 
6th May. At the battle at Free- 
man's farm, Capt. Campbell (whom 
Anbury ftyles Major) was field 
ofHccr of the day. He was ap- 
pointed Major by brevet 17th No- 
vember, 1780; Major of his regi- 
ment 22d Augufl:, 1787; Lieut. 
Colonel of his regiment 5 th Decem- 
ber, 1792, and Colonel in the army 
1795. After 1797, his name does 
not occur in the Army Lift. 



64 Burgoy7ie s Orderly Book. 

Camp near Fort Edward, 
4'h Aug. 1777. 
Parole, St. Adelaide. Counterfign, Carnarvon 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 

Camp near Fort Edward, 
5th Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. James. Counterfign, Britole. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forjier. 

It appearing that there is ftill a mifapprehenfion 
in feme Corps of the Army refpedling the carriage 
of Officer's Baggage, when the Service fliall make 
it neceflary to quit the River, it is from hence- 
forward to be underflood that no provifion has been 
made by the King's Orders, nor thofe of his 
Excellency Sir Guy Carleton for that purpofe ; nor 
is there any example of fuch being made, in any 
Service. The allowance of bat and forage money has 
been in the proportion of that granted the lajl and 
the prefent year to the Army in Canada. 

Such Gentlemen therefore as have not underftood 
this general Syftem of the Service, will provide 
themfelves by purchafe as opportunities offer, always 
remembering that the prohibition againft pur- 
chaling from the Savages is ftill in force. 

An Officer and 20 men with Non Commiffion 
Officers in proportion from the Line, will condudl 
all the Prifoners taken from the Enemy to Fort 
George, tomorrow morning. 



Burgojme s Orderly Book. 65 

Camp near. Fort Edward, 
6''^ Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Jojeph. Counterfign, Potton. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lieut. Col. Siither- 
Imid. 

The Picquets of the Line, Regiment of Rhetz 
excepted, to march this afternoon at five o'clock on 
the road to Fort George in order to proceed at day 
break tomorrow morning to the ground that will 
be fliewn by Engineer Robe?'t07j,^ where they are to 
cover and ajjiji in ivorking at the repair of the roads. 
The Regiments will fupply Tents in proportion to 
the number of their reipeftive men, which Tents 
are to be brought by five in the afternoon under 
proper charge to the following places, where Car- 
riages will be ready to take them up. Firft Line 
Britifli Right Flank of the 9th Regiment, Second 
Line Britifli Right Flank oi' the 20th Regiment. 
The Germans to the Right Flank of their Encamp- 
ment. 

All the unarmed men of the Provincial Corps to 
march at the fame time for the fame purpofe. 

There is reafon to believe that the Deferters from 
the 53d Regiment have been fcalped by the Savages. 
The general and faithful attachment of the Soldiers 
of this Army to the caufe of the King, gives no 

I John James Roberton was he advanced no higher than that 
commiflioned 2d Lieutenant in the grade, and his name appears for the 
Royal Engineers, 13th July, 1774; laft time in the Army Lift of 178 1. 



66 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

apprehenfinn of the Crime of Defertion fpreading, 
neverthelefs, to prevent the Stragghng from the 
Camp for the purpofe of marauding, drunken nefs, 
or other Dilorders, leading to Defertion, it is poii- 
tively ordered that a Report of abfent men be fent 
to Head Quarters within one hour after each roll- 
calhng, in order that parties of Savages may be 
immediately fent in purfuit, who have orders to 
fcalp all Deferters. 

A CommifTary Serjeant from each Brigade to be 
fent to Mr. Commiffary McKenzie, to aflift him in 
the arrangement of Stores, till further Orders. 

The Department allotted to Col^' Skehie by the 
Orders of the 12th July becoming too extenfive 
and complicated to be executed by one perfon, Mr. 
Daniel yones and others are appointed to aft as his 
Affiftants, and among them to conlfitute a Board 
or Office, a Quorum of which is to be three, to fit 
every morning at Head Quarters when the Army 
is not marching, to receive, difcufs and regulate the 
applications of Inhabitants and other perfons coming 
in from the Enemy, refpefting Protections, iale of 
Cattle, enliftment, and all other purpofes, taking 
care to form diffindf Reports, to be laid before the 
Lieut. General of luch cafes as do not come within 
the limits of their Inffrudf ions to determine. 

The delign of this Inftitution is to prevent com- 
plaints, abules, and irregularities, and mutually aihft 
the demand of the King's Service, and the Protec- 
tion of the well-afFefted. And all perfons are to 
take notice and obey accordingly. 



Burgoy?te s Orderly Book. 67 

Camp near Fort Edward, 
7''^ Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Lucreece. Counterfign, Burton. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Lt. Col. Hill. 

All ox teams, carts, horfes and oxen belonging to 
the King and now with the different Regiments, 
are to be fent without delay to the Waggon Mafter 
General, near the Fort, in order to their being 
immediately employed in the Traniport for the 
Army. 

Lieut. Col° Bailey of the 20th Regiment is ap- 
pointed to aft as Affiflant Quarter Mafter General. 

Camp near Fort Edward, 

S^ii Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Anne. Counterfign, Bigglejwade. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Coll° Lind. 

Camp near Fort Edward, | 
9'*' Aug, 1777. I 

Parole, St. David. Counterfign, Conway. 

Field Officer Britiih Picquet, Major For/ier. 

Brigadier General Powell is to relieve Brigadier 
General Hamilton in the command at Ticonderoga. 
The 53d Regiment will march tomorrow to relieve 
the 62d Regiment at the fame place; the return 
provifion Carts will take their Camp Equipage, &c. 
Four Companies will embark at Fort George in the 



68 Burgoy?tes Orderly Book. 

Firft return Boats, and the remaining four Com- 
panies are to wait for the boats that bring the 62d 
Regiment from Ticonderoga. 

Captain Monins Company is to march as foon 
as the 53d Regiment arrives at Fort George to join 
the Advanced Corps of the Army. Captain Bou- 
cherville's^ Company to March to Fort George to 
replace Captain Monins Company. 

Divine Service will be performed tomorrow at 
eleven o'clock at the head of the Line. There 
will be divine fervice at Head Quarters at the fame 
hour. 

Camp near Fort Edward, 
10* Aug. 1777. 
Parole, St. Pierre. Counterfign, "Truro. 

Field Officer BritiOi, Major Forbes. 
The Soldier "TaJJ'elebend, condemned to fuffer 
death by the fentence of a Court Martial for De- 
fertion to the Enemy, is to be executed tomorrow 
morning at ten o'clock in the Front of the Regi- 
ment of Reidefel. 

J ReNe Antoine de Boucher- bault St. Blain on the 6th June, 

viLLE, fon of Fran9ois Pierre de 1770, and had dillinguifhed himfelf 

Boucherville, author of Relation in this war at the ficgc of St. Johns. 

des Aventurei de M. de Boucherville He was afterwards member of the 

a fon retour des Sioux en 1728 et Lcgiflativc Council of Canada, and 

1729, and Mifs Margaret Raim- filled the office of Grand V oyer, or 

bauk, was born at Cataracouy (now Infpeilor of Roads. He died at 

Kingfton, C. W.), on the 12th Boucherville, near Montreal, on the 

February, 1735. He married at 2d September, 1812. 
Montreal Mifs Madeleine Raim- 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 69 

The Picquets of the Line will alTemble tomorrow 
morning at half pall nine o'clock and march to the 
Front of the Regiment of Rcidejel to attend the 
Execution. 

A General Court Martial to affemble tomorrow 
morning at the Britifli Encampment for the Trial 
of William Sheen and 'John Dering, and fuch other 
Prifoners as may be brought before them. Lieut. 
Col° Hill, Prefident. 
The 9th Regiment gives two Subalterns. 

20th Regiment two Captains two Subalterns. 
2 1 ft Regiment one Captain two Subalterns. 
47th Regiment one Captain two Subalterns. 

Captain Lindfay' of the 9th Regiment is to a6l 
as Deputy Judge Advocate, Captain Craig being 
fick. 

Any Detachment, party, or even one man, going 
from a Regiment, is to have a Certificate from the 
Commanding Officer of the time they or he may 
have been vidlualled to ; as without fuch a Certifi- 
cate no Provifions will be iflued by any CommilTary. 
This Order extends to the Naval Department, and 
to all Artificers, Drivers, and others attending the 
Army. 

I Waterhouse Lindsay entered The regiment continued in America 

the 9th regiment as Enfign 26th until 1 769, when he went to Ireland. 

January, I 761, ferved in the expe- Mr. Lindfay obtained his company 

dition againft Belleidc, and was com- in 1 772, and accompanied his re- 

mi{nonedLieutenant3lfl: July, 1762, giment to Canada in 1776. His 

in which year he ferved at the name is dropped in the Army Lift 

Havana; afterwards in Florida, of 1782. 



yo Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Camp near Fort Edward, 
] i'*^ Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Mathias. Counterfign, Penzance. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 

The Rev. Mr. Brudenel and Major Skeme are 
added to the Commiffioners appointed to adminifter 
the Oath of Allegiance and grant Certificates of 
Proteftion to iuch of the Inhabitants as fue properly 
for the lame, and to regulate all other matters rela- 
tive to the Supplies and Affiftances that Ihall be 
required from the Country, or voluntarily brought 
in, 6cc. &c. 

Camp near Fort Edward, 
12^*^ Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Luc. Counterfign, Dartmouth. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forbes. 

Mr. Commifl'ary McKenzie being gone forward 
to the Advanced Corps, Mr. Commilfary McCuUogh 
has the direcftion of the Stores at Fort Edward. 
The Order of the 6th relative to the Commilfary 
Serjeants, continues in force till the Stores are 
arranged. 

Each Brigade will fend a Cooper to the Commifs 
to repair fome Provifions Calks that have fuffered 
much in the Tranfport. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 71 

Camp near Fort Edward, 
1 3"^'^ Aug. ijjj. 

Parole, St. John. Counterfign, Ipjwich. 

Field Officer Brltifh Picquet, Major Forbes. 

The Army to receive Frovifions this Afternoon 
to the i6th inclufive. 

Such Batteaux as can be allotted to the Troops 
for the prefent Tranfport ot their Camp equipage 
will bedivided at five this afternoon, and the Qr. 
Mafter will attend to take charge of them. But it 
being exceedingly defirable that the Troops fhould 
be pradlifed in conftrudling expeditioufly fuch flight 
rafts as will ferve for prefent purpofes, the Com- 
manding Officers of Corps will take this occafion 
to make the Experiment. 

It was proved by the Advanced Corps in the 
tranlport three days ago, that rafts of about eighteen 
feet by nine were much more convenient than 
Batteaux in the fhallows and narrows on this lide 
Fort Miller. 

The Army marches tomorrow by the Right in 
one Column. The General will beat at day break ; 
the Quarter Mafters and Camp Colourmen to 
march at the fame time. 

When the ground of the Encampment falls upon 
the fame fpots where the Tents of any foregoing 
Troops have been pitched, the Quarter Mafters are 
to be refponfible that all rubbifh is burned, and 
the ground thoroughly cleared before the refpedlive 
Corps arrive. 



72 Btirgoy?ies Ordei'ly Book. 

The AfTembly to beat an hour after the General, 
and the Troops to march immediately after, having 
a proper number of men to load and work the 
Batteaux and Rafts, 

All the Bat horfes and carriages, fuch as are the 
perfonal property of Officers, are to follow in the 
rear of the Column. The Provoft in the rear of 
the whole. 

The General Court Martial of which Lieut. 
Col° Hill was Prefident is diflblved. 

The Baron Sahms of the 9th Regiment is to aft 
in Capt. Frajers Corps till further Orders. 

Mr. Munro is appointed to a6t as Captain of 
Batteaux in the Quarter Mafter General's Depart- 
ment. 

Whereas two Barrels of Madeira Wine, three 
Barrels of Rum, one bag of Coifee, one bag of 
Barley, two kegs of Butter, and two rolls of To- 
bacco have been put clandeftinely into the Provi- 
fion Carts of the Army, and very properly reported 
by the Waggon Mafter General, the faid Articles 
are to be received into the Public Stores by the 
CommifTary, and to be iflued according to future 
Orders. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
14''^ Aug. 1777. 
Parole, St. Valentine. Counterfign, Wootton. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Lieut. Col. Hill. 
The Bridge not being finiffied the hour of march 
cannot be afcertained, but the Army will hold 



Biirgoy7jes Orderly Book. 73 

themfelves in readinefs to march tomorrow at a 
moment's warning. 

After Orders. 
A working party of one Captain, three fubalterns 
and one hundred men with proper Non Commif- 
fion Officers to parade at day break tomorrow 
morning, and march immediately after, to the 
Lower Crane below the hill. This working party 
will take their inftruftions from Captain Lawes. 
For this party : 

Capt. Subs. Men. 
British, I 2 70 

German, i 30 

All Teams and Carts belonging to the King now 
with any of the Regiments to Head Quarters to- 
morrow morning at fix o'clock. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
15'^ Aug. 1777. 
Parole, St. 'fheodojia. Counterfign, Drury. 

Field Officer Britilli Picquet, Lieut. Col° Lind. 
The Army will hold themfelves in readinefs to 
march at a minute's warning. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
i6'h Aug. 1777- 
Parole, St. Lawrence. Counterfign, Pittjhurg. 
Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forjier. 
The Quarter Mafters of the Army to attend at 
four o'clock this afternoon to receive Provifions. 
10 



74- Burgoynes Orde?'ly Book. 

The General Court Martial of which Lieut. 
Col° Hill was Prelident have pafTed Sentence as 
follows upon the Prifoner M^'ilUam Sheen, Soldier in 
the 47th Regiment, tried for robbing Mr. Williatn 
'Johnjon at Fort Edward on the 7th Auguft. 

It is the Opinion of the Court that the Prifoner 
is guilty of the Crime laid to his charge, being a 
breach of the fecond Article of the 20th Seftion of 
the Articles of War, and fentence him to receive 
one thoufand Laflies. The Prifoner "Jolui Dering, 
Soldier in the 47th Regiment, tried at the fame 
time for robbing Mr. William "Jolmfon at Fort Ed- 
ward on the 7th Auguft, is alfo found guilty of the 
Crime laid to his Charge, being a breach of the 
fecond Article of the 20th Section of the Articles 
of War, is fentenced by the Court to receive one 
thouiand Laflies. 

Lieut. General Burgoy?ie has been pleafed to 
confirm both the above Sentences of the General 
Court Martial, and to order the fame to be put in 
Execution. 

A Subaltern and thirty men with Non Com- 
miflion Officers in proportion of the Britifli Picquet 
of this night are to march immediately after 
mounting, and to take polleffion of the Bridge over 
the Hudfon's River. 

The Officer will divide his Party to fecure both 
ends of the Bridge h'om any attempt of ill-defign- 
ing people to injure it. As the Army paffes to- 
morrow this Guard will fall into their refpeftive 
Corps. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 75 

The Army will march tomorrow from their 
right, and in the fame manner as the laft march. 

, The laft Regiment which palfes the Bridge on 
the march tomorrow, will leave an Officer's Party 
to prevent the bat horfes and carts which follow 
the Line of march from preffing in fuch numbers 
at a time as may endanger the Bridge. This Guard 
will remain till the Baggage is paft, and then join 
the rear Guard of the Army, which will be fur- 
niflied as upon the laft march. 

The General to beat at day break, and the 
Quarter Mafters and Camp Colourmen to march 
at the fame hour ; the Affembly to beat an hour 
after. The Line to be alert and march immediately. 

A working party of one Captain, three Subal- 
terns and one hundred men, with proper Non 
Commiffion Officers to be at the Rapids at Fort 
Miller tomorrow morning at four o'clock, and take 
their inftrucftions from Capt. Laices.' 

Capt. Subs. Men. 
Britifli, I 2 70 

German, i 30 

I George Lavves entered the fer- againft Martinico in 1762, when 

vice as 2d Lieutenant in the 61ft Mr. Lawcs obtained his company. 

Fo'ot, 22d November, 1756, which He was afterwards Rationed in one 

regiment formed part of the expe- of the Leeward Idands until the 

dition againft the French Weftlndia peace, when his regiment was re- 

Iflands in 1759, at the clofe of duced and he went on half pay where 

which year he was promoted to a he remained until 1769. When the 

lieutenancy in the 75th. This corps American Revolution broke out, war- 

ferved in the expedition againft rants were granted to divers officers to 

Belleillc (France) in 1761 ; and embody old officers and other loyal- 



76 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

Inftead of the working party ordered to be at the 
Rapids, a Detachment of the fame number is to be 
at that place, tomorrow morning, for this Duty, 
and remain there till further Orders. The fame 
numbers and proportions as the working party 
ordered to be with Mr. FalUvncy this afternoon at 
four o'clock, will be at the fame place tomorrow 
morning at day break, and when the Duty is fin- 
iflied, the Officers will march their parties up to 
the Army and join their refpeftive Corps, 

Camp at Duer's House, 
17''^ Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Ferdinand. Counterfign, Madrid. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forbes. 

It was endeavoured among other objefts of the 
Expedition which marched to the Left, to provide 
fuch a fupply of Cattle as might have enabled the 
Army to proceed without waiting the arrival of the 
Magazines. That attempt having failed of fuccefs 
through the chances of War, the Troops muft 
neceffarily halt fome days for bringing forward the 
Tranfport ; and the feveral Corps will employ that 
time to colled: their fick and convalefcents, and fuch 

ifts in America into Provincial corps, of this campaign. He returned to 

In this way Brig. General McLean Canada after this expedition, and is 

raifed the ill battalion of the 84th mentioned in the Memoirs of Pierre 

or Royal Highland Emigrants in du Calvet, whom he arrefted on 

Canada, and Capt. Lawes received fufpicion of treafonablc prafticcs in 

a commiilion in that regiment on 1780. He died, it is fuppofed, in 

the I ft June, 1777, on the opening the fummer of 1782. 



Burgoy7tes Orderly Book. 77 

other fcattered parties as are merely on Regimental 
Duty. 

The 47th Regiment is to march tomorrow 
morning to Fort Edward, where they will receive 
Orders from Major General Phillips. They are to 
take under their charge the Prifoners brought in by 
Col° Briwiert's Corps, and whatever other Prifoners 
of War there may be now here. The Flour taken 
from the Enemy to be delivered into the hands of 
the Commiffary here. The Teams and Carriages 
taken arc to convey the baggage of the 47th Regi- 
ment, and to be delivered by them into the hands 
of the Waggon Mafter General. 

The Bridge over the great river having given 
way, by the increafe and rapidity of the water, the 
materials are to be collefted together in order to 
form a Bridge lower down. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
18^^ Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Louis. Counterfign, Paris. 

Field Otiicer Britifli Picquet, Lieut. Col° Hill. 

It having been a practice for Othcers to order to 
be taken from the Provilion train in the fervice of 
the King for this Army, the carts and horfes for 
the carrying of baggage and other purpoles, to 
avoid tor the future this danger and inconvenience 
to the fervice, it is in the moft politive manner 
ordered, that no cart or horfe is to be ufed, but for 
the public tranlport of the Army ; nor is any Officer, 



78 Burgoy?tes Orderly Book. 

accidentally coming to any particular poft, to inter- 
fere with the provilion train, in any other manner 
than to give it every aid and afliftance in his power, 
which he is on all occafions to do. 

[Orders of the 19th miffing in the MS. at Head Quarters.] 

Camp at Duer's House, [ 
2o'h Aug. 1777. j 
Parole, St. Anthony. Counterfign, Turkey. 

Field Otiicer Britilli Picquet, Major Forjler. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
21" Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Matilda. Counterfign, Coventry. 

Field Officer Britith Picquet, Major Forbes. 

Four German Recruits in different Britilh Regi- 
ments having been abfent at two roll calHngs, yef- 
terday, and it being luppofed they are delerted. 
Parties of Indians and Provincials have been fent 
in fearch, and it is not doubted but they will be 
brought in or fcalped. 

The general zeal of this Army in the caufe of 
the King and the Britifh'Conftitution, is too appa- 
rent to admit a fufpicion of the crime of Defertion, 
ever entering into the men's minds, except when 
they are intoxicated, or impoled upon by Emiflaries 
of the Enemy. 

There is reafon to believe fuch Emiilaries have 
dared to intrude in the Camp, and by fpurious 



Burgoy?ies Orderly Book. 79 

promifes, falfe reprefentations, and perhaps by a 
readinefs in the German language, have deluded 
thefe late criminals to an ignominious death. In 
order to bring- fuch mifcreants to condign Punifli- 
ment, a reward of one hundred Dollars will be 
given for the difcovery of any Perlbn who ihall be 
tampering with any Soldiers, or holding converfa- 
tion in favour of the Enemy, or otherwife tending 
to perfwade men to defert. This reward to be 
paid immediately upon the convidlion of the 
offender ; and the offender himfelf will be punifhed 
with death. And further to prevent fuch iniquit- 
ous attempts, the Regimental Gentries are not to 
fuffer any Perlon who is not a Soldier or Officer's 
Servant at any time to be in the flreets of the 
Gamp ; and the Provoft and all Guards and Patrolls 
are to oblige all perfons who fliall at any time or 
place be found converfmg with Soldiers, to give 
an account of themfelves, and they are to make 
priloners all fulpicious perfons. 

In regard to Deferters themfelves, all out polls. 
Scouts and working Parties, of Provincials and 
Indians, are hereby promifed a reward of twenty 
Dollars for every Deferter they bring in ; and in 
cai'e any Deferter fliould be killed in the purfuit, 
their fcalps are to be brought off. 

The Army will be vidlualled tomorrow morning 
at 10 o'clock to the 24th inclufive. 



8o Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
22'^ Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Agnes. Counterfign, Sorell. 

Field Officer Brltifh Picquet, Lt. Coll° Hill. 

There being ftill a want of uniformity in diftri- 
buting the daily Orders to the men, notwithftand- 
ing repeated verbal explanations, upon this Subjedt, 
the Rule to be invariably obferved for the future 
by every Regiment, is to form each Company in a 
Circle, at the evening roll calling upon the Parade, 
of each Regiment by word of Command from each 
Commanding Officer prefent; the Officers of Com- 
panies are to remain within their refpedlive Circles 
till the whole of the Orders of the day have been 
read and explained by one of them. 

The Commanding Officer of each Battalion is to 
be anfwerable that every man of the Battalion is 
prefent at the evening roll calling, except fuch men 
o?jly who are abfent upon Duty, or confined by 
ficknefs. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
23d Aug. 1777. 
Parole, St. Joan. Counterfign, Arc. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forjler. 
A General Court Martial to affemble tomor- 
row morning for the Trial of Geofge Hundertmark, 
Soldier in the 9th Regiment, for Defertion, and 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 8i 

fuch other prifoners as may be brought before 
them. Prefident, Lieut. Col. Li?id. 

The three Regiments prefent, viz"^ 9th, 20th 
and 2111:, give one Captain and three Subaherns 
each, Members. 

All Prolecutors and Evidences to attend at the 
hour and place appointed by the Prefident. Cap- 
tain Gray,"- Judge Advocate. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
24''^ Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Cecelia. Counterfign, Kelly. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Maior Forbes. 

The General Court Martial of which Lieut. Col° 
Lind was Prefident, have found Patrick McDonald, 
private Soldier in the 47th Regiment, guilty of 
Defertion, and have fentenced him to receive one 
thoufand Laihes. The fame Court Martial have 
alfo found George Hundertmark, Soldier of the 9th 
Regiment, guilty of quitting his Poft when Centi- 
nel without being regularly relieved, and of Defer- 
tion, and have fentenced him to be fliot to death- 
Which Sentences are approved, and the Court 
Martial is diffolved. The day after tomorrow the 
Sentences will be put in Execution. The Picquets 

' Warner Wald Gray entered went on half pay and did not return 

the army as Enlign in the 83d regi- to aftive fervice until 1 768, when he 

ment 3d January 1760, and was was appointed to the 9th Foot. He 

promoted to a lieutenancy 13th obtained a company in that corps 

February, 1762. The regiment 26th September, 1772, and difap- 

being dilbanded after the peace, he pears from the Army Lift of 1 781, 
II 



82 Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 

of the Line to attend. Lieut. Col° Hill will give 
proper direftions for a Party of men to execute the 
Sentence of death. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
26* Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Mary. Counterfign, Jerufakm. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Lieut. Col° Lind. 

The Lieut. General having received the report 
from Lt. Col. Brcymann,'' relative to the affair at 
Saintwick. Mills, and alfo having obtained every 
collateral information poffible, thinks it juftice to 
declare publickly, that he has no realbn to be dif- 
fatiffied with the perfonal Spirit of the Officers and 
Troops in the A6tion ; that on the contrary the 
Officers who commanded the different Corps adled 
with intrepidity. 

The failure of the Enterprize feems in the firft 
Inffance to have been owing to the Credulity of 
thofe who managed the Department of intelligence, 
iuffisred great numbers of the Rebel Soldiers to pafs 
and repais, and perhaps count the numbers of the 
Detachment, and upon ill-founded confidence in- 

I Lt. Col. Heinrich Christoph tember. Being ordered on the 7th 

Breyman. This officer command- ot Odlober, to accompany Gen. Bur- 

ed the German referve, compofed goyne in a rcconnoifancc, the party 

of the BrunlVick chafTeurs, light was vigoroiifly attacked and Brey- 

infantry and grenadiers, in this man's corps fuftered fevercly, having 

expedition, and was engaged in the left their commanding officer dead 

battle ot Stillwater on the 19th Sep- on the field of Freeman's farm. 



Burgoy?tes Orderly Book. 83 

duced Lieut. Col. Bamne^ to advance too far to have 
a fecure rptreat. The next caufe was the flow 
movement of Lieut. Col. Breyjnami s Corps, which 
from bad weather, bad Roads, tired horfes and 
other impediments flated by Lieut. Col° Breymann, 
could not reach 24 miles from eight in the morn- 
ing of the 1 5th to four in the afternoon of the 1 6th. 
The Succour therefore- arrived too late. The fail- 
ure of Ammunition, in the management of which 
there appears to have been improvidence, was 
another miffoftune. The refl: feem common 
Accidents of War. Upon the whole the Enemy 
have feverely felt their little fuccefs, and there is no 
circumftance to affed: the Army with further regret 
or melancholly, than that which arifes from the 
lofs of fome gallant men. But let the Affair of the 
Mill- at Saintwick remain henceforward as a lefl^on 
againfl: the impofitions of a treacherous Enemy, 
many of whom in the very hour of (wearing alle- 
giance to the King, fought againft his Troops, and 
againft expending Ammunition too fafl:, by which 
conquering Troops were obliged to retire with lofs. 
The Refleftion upon this Affair will moreover ex- 
cite Alertnefs and Exertion in every Corps march- 

I Friedrich Baume was Lieut. 2 This Mill, known as Van 

Colonel of Riedefel's (difmountcd) Schaick's Mill, ftands at the jundlion 

Dragoons. He was feverely wound- of the Wallomfcoick and White 

ed at the battle of Bennington, i6th creeks, in the Town of North Hoo- 

Auguft, 1777, taken prifoner, and fick, RenfTelaer county, N. Y. Here 

died two days after. the memorable battle of Bennington 
ended. 



84- Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 

ing for the fupport of another, by fliewing in 
whatever degree thofe qualities may be poflefTed by 
the Commanding Officer (and they are not doubted 
in the prefent inftance), yet unlefs they are general, 
common accidents may become fatal, and the lofs of 
two hours may decide the turn ot an enterprize, 
and it might happen in fome cafes, the fate of a 
Campaign. 

Camp at Duer's House, ] 
27'^^ Aug. 1777. J 

Parole, St. Magdalen. Counterfign, Babylon. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquel, Major Forjier. 

Great irregularities having been committed by 
Conduilors and others, followers of the Army, 
Camp Courts Martial will occafionally be affembled 
in the nature of Garrifon Courts Martial, confifting 
of one Captain and four Subalterns from the Line, 
who will try fuch offenders according to the Claufe 
in the Mutiny Ad:. All followers of the Army 
are fubjeft to Military Law. 

Captain Money, ^ Deputy Quarter Mafter General, 

I JoHi^ Money was born in the he was commiffioncd Captain in the 

year 1740, and entered the mihtary 9th Foot. This regiment was or- 

profeffion as early as 1760, as En- dered to Canada in 1776, in which 

fign in the Norfolk militia. He year Capt. Money participated in 

afterwards fervcd as a volunteer in the engagement with the Americans 

the 15th Light Dragoons, and as at Three Rivers. In the prefent 

fuch was in 1761 at the battle of expedition he ailed as Deputy 

Felinghaiifen and other engagements. Quarter Mailer General, and had 

He was appointed Cornet in the entire charge of that department ; 

6th or Innilkilling Dragoons, 11th was in aAion of the 19th September, 

March, 1762, and ferved with that 1777, and was taken prifoner on the 

regiment until February, 1770, when 8th October following. In Novem- 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 85 

is appointed alfo to do the duty of CommiiTaiy of 
Horfes and Infpedlor on the part of the King of 
the performance of the Contradt made for furnidi- 
ing and keeping up a certain number of Horfes for 
the King's Service. 

It having appeared that many of the horfes be- 
longing to the King have been made ufe of for 
Private purpofes, and fecreted in the woods pre- 
paratory to the next march of the Army, all Com- 
mandina: officers of Regiments will make ftrift 
inquiry into fuch enormities. It cannot be fup- 
poled that any Officers are privy to an offence that 
would fubjedl them to be Calhiered with the utmoft 
difgrace; but it is to be made publick to all Sutlers, 
Servants, Provincials, and all other Dependants 
upon and followers of the Army, that whoever 
hereafter fhall be detected with one of the King's 
horfes in his poffeffion, unlefs authorized by the 
Department of the Quarter Mafler General, will 
be tried by a Court Martial for Theft. And 
all Officers of that Department are forbid giving 

ber, 1780, he received the rank of refiftance not proving fucccffFul, he 

Major by brevet and was promoted returned to England, where he bc- 

to be Major of his regiment 28th came Colonel in the army in 1795 ; 

September, 1781. After the war Major General in 1798 ; Lieutenant 

Major Money went on half pay General 1805, and General 4th 

and became Lieutenant Colonel by June, 1814. He died at Trowfe- 

brevet i8th November, 1790. Hall, Norfolk, March 26th, 181 7, 

When the people of Belgium took in the 78th year of his age. Gen. 

up arms againft Auftria in 1789-90, Money was Colonel of the Eail 

he offered his ferviccs to the patri- Norfolk Yeomanry Cavalry at the 

ots, from whom he received a com- time of his death. 
miffion of Major General. But the 



86 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

that authority, except by order of the Lieut. 
General, or evitable Exigencies of the Service. 
And any Agent, Commillliry, Conductor or Driver 
who lliall prefume to fell or lend any horfe. Cart or 
Harnefs, or connive at the ufe of fuch for any other 
purpofe than the publick fervice, will be puniflied 
with the utmoft rigour. 

As long as a Brigadier fliall be upon Duty at 
Ticonderoga, the Brigadier with the Army will 
command both Brigades. 

There will be a fale of horfes tomorrow at twelve 
o'clock at the round Tent near Head Quarters, 
where fuch Officers as chufe may furnifli them- 
felves. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
28'h Aug. 1777. 
Parole, St. George. Counterfign, Windjor. 

Field Officer Britiffi Picquet, Major Forbes."^ 
The Army will this day receive four days Pro- 
vifion to September ift inclufive. 

The different departments employed with the 

I Gordon Forbes was born in in November, 1776, became Major 

the year 1738; entered the army of the 9th. He was twice wounded 

as Enfign in the 33d Foot in 1756; in this campaign. He miift have 

became Lieutenant zd Oft., 1757, been exchanged before the peace of 

and was tranfferred to the 72d regi- 1 783, for we find him commiffioncd 

ment; obtained a company in 1762, 24th September, 1 78 1, Lieutenant 

when he ferved at the Havana, and Colonel of the I02d (a newly raifed) 

exchanged into the 34th regiment regiment, which proceeded foon 

12th April, 1764. He ferved with after to the Eaft Indies, where he 

the latter regiment in Louifiana, and fpent four years, and attained the 



Burgoy72es Orderly Book. 87 

Army and allowed to be viftualled, will receive 
their Provifions at the Tame time. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
29* Aug. 1777. 

Parole, St. Jqfeph. Counterfign, Portugal. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Hill. 

The llridl ceconomy in the delivery and receipt 
of Provifions at all times are effential Duties, now 
becomes an objed: of the moft important confe- 
quence. The fate of the Campaign may depend 
upon it, and the prefervation of the live Cattle re- 
quires the moft particular attention. They are 
only to be llaughtered for the fick, and in fuch 
cafes as abfolutely require it. The Commanding 
Officers of Regiments will therefore fend in an ac- 
count upon honour of the frefh Provifions requifite 
for their fick to the Commillary, the day before 
the General Ifllie of Provifions to the Army, and 
be refponfible that a proper reduction of Rations is 
made for the freih Provifions received. 

Whenever the Stock of Cattle fliall be fufficient 

rank of Colonel. On the rcduftion corps but a few months and became 

of his regiment in 1785, Col. Forbes Colonel of the 29th, on the 8th 

went on half pay. In 1794, '^^ Augull of the fame year. He was 

was promoted to be Major General, commander of the forces in St. 

and the fame year became Colonel Domingo two years, became Lieut, 

of the 105th Foot, which however General in 1801, and General in 

was fhortly after reduced, and Col. 18 12. He died at Ham, in the 

Forbes was tranfferred to the 8 1 ft county of Middlefex, January 17, 

regiment on 24th January, 1797. 1828, in the 90th year of his age. 
He remained at the head of this 



88 Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 

to admit of it, every attention will be had to the 
convenience and comfort of the Officers. And 
notice will be given when they can be fupplied 
with Rations of frefli Provifions inftead of fait. 

The Lieut. General meaning that every Regi- 
ment fhould be upon the fame regulation, diredls 
that the Servants and Batmen be allowed as follows : 

Servants. Batmen. 
Field Officers, i 2 

Captains, i i 

Subalterns of a Company, 2 i 

When the men's Tents are carried upon Bat- 
horfes, a Batman to be allowed each Company. 

The Batman to be always armed, and to form 
the baggage Guard. The Servants to be confid- 
ered as eft'edlive in the Ranks, and are to attend at 
every evening parade ; the other parades and roll 
callings are excufed, unlefs the Regiments are or- 
dered under Arms. 

The Commanding Officers of Regiments will 
take care that this Order is complied with ftridtly. 

Whenever Cattle is killed, it muft be always at 
night. The Commiflaries are made anfwerable for 
this. 

Camp at Duer's House, | 
30th Aug. 1777. I 
Parole, St. Charles. Counterfign, Cajiile. 

Field Officer BritiHi Picquet, Lt. Col. Li?id. 
It appearing beyond a doubt that great abufes 
prevail among the Soldiers and Inhabitants regard- 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 89 

ing the fale of horfes, that horfes have been often 
ftole from Inhabitants, and that Officers not know- 
ing this have been led by cheap prices to purchafe 
fuch horfes; in order to flop fuch iniquitous proceed- 
ings, and that Officers may not be impofed on, it is 
ftridtly ordered that no horfes are to be bought 
privately by any Officer or other perfon, but that 
whoever has horfes to fell bring them to the 
Board of Regulation for examination, and if proved 
the real property of the perfon fo bringing them, 
notice is given that at 1 2 o'clock every day there 
will be fales at the Tent where the Board (its. 
Any Soldier or any Inhabitant detected of, and 
proved to have fliolen horfes, or having taken away 
horfes on any pretence from any perfon, fliall be 
punilhed for theft. It cannot be imagined after 
this Order, fo poiitively given, that any Officer 
will buy horfes at any other place than the publick 
fale. 

All Cattle brought into the Camp to be ordered 
to the Board of Regulation, and by that Board to 
be fent to the Commillary General. The Troops 
muft be fenfible that buying Cattle privately, and 
by that means preventing a general fupply, muft 
prove very injurious to the Army. 

The Quarter Mafter General's Department to 
receive Orders from Major General Phillips^ and to 
report to him. 

13 



go Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Lieut. Wilkinfon^ is appointed to ad: as an Aflift- 
ant Engineer under the Orders of Mr. TwiJ's the 
Commanding Engineer. 

Mr. Kobertjm is appointed a Brigade Commiffary 
of Provilions to the feveral Corps and Parties of 
Provincials untill farther Orders. 

Camp at Duer's House, | 
31=^ Aug. 1777. J 
Parole, St, Mark. Counterfign, Venice. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forjler. 
A General Court Martial will be held tomorrow 
(compofed of Officers belonging to that Corps) for 
the Trial of Walter Harris, Soldier in the Light 
Company of the 53d Regiment, for advifing Wil- 
liam Bell, Soldier in the Light Company of the 
24th Regiment, and 'Jofeph Brooks, Soldier in the 
Light Company of the 53d Regiment to defert to 
the Rebels, and for declaring an intention to defert 
himfelf. 

Camp at Duer's House, ] 
i^f Sept. 1777. f 
Parole, St. James. Counterfign, Pembroke. 

Field Officer Britiffi Picquet, Major Forbes. 
The Army will receive four days Provilions for 
the fifth Sept. inclufive. 

I William Wilkinson was com- pointed Adjutant of the regiment in 

miflioned Enfign in the 6zA. Foot, 1782, and Captain-Lieutenant Toon 

31ft December, 1772; Lieutenant after. His name is dropped after 

I ft May, 1775, ^'!ce Dalrymple, 1786. 
killed at Bunker Hill ; he was ap- 



Bufgoynes Orderly Book. 91 

Camp at Duer's House, 
2^ Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Peters. Counterfign, Rome. 

Field Officer Britiai Picquet, Lt. Col. Hill. 

The Additional Companies are expedled in Camp 
tomorrow. 

Captain Frafers Markmen are to be augmented 
with one Non Commiffion Officer and fixteen men 
from each Britifli Regiment of the Line (the 53d 
excepted) ; they are to take two from each Com- 
pany, and cholen according to the Orders of laft 
year, dated the 6th Sept., viz^ men of good char- 
after, fober, aftive, robuft and healthy ; they are to 
be provided with a very good firelock, and to be 
in every refpeft pfoper to form a Body of Mark- 
men, &c. &c. &c. Brigadier General Hamilton 
will fee this Order complied with. 

His Excellency General Carleton has been pleafed 
to make the following Promotions in the Army. 

Alexander Baillie"^ Efq. Captain Lieutenant in the 
Ninth Regiment to be Captain of a Company in 

1 Alexander Bailue held a Lieu- obtained a company in the 9th Foot 

tenant's commiffion in the 60th or 23d Sept., 1776; became Major 

Royal American regiment as early in the army 1 8th November, 1 790, 

as July, 1758, and ferved through and of his regiment i 7th February, 

the French war. He went on half i 794 ; Lieutenant Colonel by brevet 

pay in 1763, and was not recalled ill March, 1794, and continued in 

into aftive fervice until 29th Nov., aftive fervice until Auguft, 1795, 

1 77 1, when he was appointed Lieu- when his name difappcars from the 

tenant in the zift Fuzileers. He Army Lift. 



92 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

the faid Regiment in the room of Captain Stcipyl- 
ton,^ dead of his wounds. 

Lieut. Neil McLean'^ of the 2 1 ft Regiment to be 
Captain Lieut, in the Ninth Regiment in the room 
of Captain Baillic promoted. 

Enhgn Minchin Hubert of the 24th Regiment to 
be Lieut, in the 21ft Regiment in the room of 
Mchean promoted. 

Mr. Hanbiiry, Volunteer, to be Enfign in the 
24th Regiment in room of Hubert, promoted. 

Camp at Duer's House, 

S^Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Gertrude. Counterfign, Denmark. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 

The Additional Companies to be divided among 

the eight Battalion Companies of each Regiment. 

The men now wanting to compleat to be filled 

up, and the Supernumerary to be accounted with 

by a particular Pay Bill, and a particular account 

1 Francis Samuel Stapleton 1759 fcrvcd in the expedition againfl 
was commiffioncd Enfign in the 9th Martinique and Giiadaloupe. He 
Foot 4th September, 1762; fcrvcd was promoted to a lieutenancy 14th 
in Florida ; Ijecamc Lieutenant 1 2th February, 1762, and went on half 
December, 1770, and Captain 3 ill pay in 1763, where he fo remained 
May, 1773, and was killed in this until 1771, when he was appointed 
Campaign. to the 2 ill Fuzileers. In June, 

1775, he obtained a company in 

2 Neil McLean entered the that regiment, and was tranfierred to 
army 15th September, 1758, as the 9th Foot 10th Auguft, 1777. 
Enfign in the 2d battalion of the His name difappears from the Army 
42d Highlanders ; accompanied that Lill in 1784. 

regiment to tlic Well Indies, and in 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 93 

kept, and regulated by the Commanding Officers 
of each Company. 

The Officers of the Additional Companies are to 
be ported until further Orders to the weakeft Com- 
panies, and where there is a Captain he is to have 
the Command of a Company whofe Captain is 
abfent and cannot be fuppofed to join this Cam- 
paign. 

AH the Regiments to fend in their monthly Pro- 
vifion returns to the 24th Auguft inclulive, with 
three General Receipts for each month, for the 
Provifions drawn by them, to affift Commillary 
General Clarke. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
4* Sept. 1777. 
Parole, St. Paul. Counterfign, Southwark. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forjier. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
5'h Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. 'J'imotliy. Counterfign, Buckingham. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forbes. 

The Army will receive four days' Provilions for 
the ninth inclufive. The Quarter Mailers will be 
with the Commilfary at two o'clock. Such Regi- 
ments as have Supernumeraries are immediately to 
compleat their Grenadier and Light Infantry Com- 
panies. The additional men arrived yeflerday are 



94 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

to be exercifed from feve?i to nine every morning, 
and from three to Jive every afternoon. 

In their exercisings they will fire ball occafionally. 
The Army will march in a very fliort time. Each 
Regiment will therefore make luch Infpedlion and 
preparation in regard to their Sick, their Baggage, 
and other Regimental Arrangements as will enable 
them to move alertly, and with their Ranks as 
ftrong as poflible. 

All the Provincial Corps muft fend in their 
monthly returns the Jirji of the month, and their 
weekly ftates every Monday. 

This to be invariably obferved. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
6''^ Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Alban. Counterfign, Hertfordi 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Htll. 

The Surgeons of the Hofpital having requefted 
that ten men from the Provincials be ordered the 
Hofpital to ferve as Storekeepers and orderly men, 
who are to remain with and will be paid by the 
Holpital, according to their ftation and fervices. 

The Lieut. General permits the Surgeon to em- 
ploy ten men accordingly, and they will apply to 
the Provincial Corps for fober, diligent men. 

The Surgeons of Regiments will fend to the 
General Hofpital a Return of the number of fick 
they will be obliged to have on the Army's moving. 
A Surgeon of the Holpital will receive the fick 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 95 

upon their returns in order to know their exadl 
ftate, and at what time they will again be fit for 
fervice. 

The Surgeons of Regiments are reminded of the 
Order of laft year for proper returns being made 
when fick are fent to the General Hofpital, of their 
cafes, and the length of time they have been ill. 
And the Commanding Officers of Regiments will 
dired: a Non Commiffion to attend the reception 
of their fick in the General Holpital, who is to de- 
liver to the Clerk of the Hofpital their Arms and 
Accoutrements and Neceflaries, for which he is to 
receive a Receipt from the Clerk, who will preferve 
a lift of them in his Hofpital Book. 

The Surgeons of Regiments to meet at Fort 
Miller at one o'clock tomorrow the Surgeons of the 
Hofpital, to concert proper meafures for the future 
conduft'of the Sick; and for keeping in a corredl 
manner the proper connexions between the Regi- 
mental and General Hofpitals. 

The Troop of the Army to beat at nine o'clock 
in the morning, taking the time from the Right 
Wing. 

Lieut. P. EnglamP of the 47th Regiment is ap- 
pointed to aft as Fort Major at Ticonderoga, &c. 

I Poole England entered the the evacuation of Bofton, accompa- 

fervice as Enfign in the 47th regi- nied his regiment to Canada. He 

ment 6th November, 1 769; and was figned the Cambridge parole in 

appointed Lieutenant 16th April, 1777, and received his company 

1773. He was at the battle of 17th May, 1782. His name is 

Bunker Hill in 1775, on which oc- omitted in the Army Lift of 1783. 
cafion he was wounded ; and after 



96 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
7'h Sept. 1777. 
Parole, St. Phillip. Counterfign, Spain. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Lieut. Col. hind. 
All the Prifoners except the Military, in the 
Provoft or other Guards, to be brought before the 
Board of Commiffioners tomorrow morning at ten 
o'clock ; all witnefTes to attend at that time. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
8th Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. George. Counterfign, Kent. 

Field Officer Britiffi Picquet, Major Forbes, 

A General Court Martial to allemble tomorrow 
morning for the trial of all prifoners that may be 
brought before them, at the round Tent, at nine 
o'clock. Major Forjler Prefident. One Captain 
and three Subalterns from each of the Regiments 
prefent. Members. Captain Craig, Judge Advo- 
cate. All profecutors and evidences to attend. 

The Army will receive four days Provilions to- 
morrow morning, to the i 3th inclulive. 

A working party of 50 men will be wanted to- 
morrow morning at 6 o'clock to repair the roads 
between this and Fort Edward, to take their Orders 
from the Quarter Mafter General. 

Lieut. Koberton will attend upon this Duty. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 97 

Camp at Duer's House, ] 
9^^^ Sept. 1777. I 

Parole, St. Vincent. Counterfign, Brentford. 

Field Officer Britidi Picquet, Lt. Col. Hill. 

Affiftant CommilTary General Clarke is ordered 
to pay the ftrifteft attention to the prefervation of 
the Salt in the Provifion Barrels, and to give the 
necelTary Directions to all the Commiffaries and 
Perfons concerned in ilTuing Provifions for this 
purpofe, as this Article will become very necelTary 
when there fliall be a fufficiency of frefli Provifions 
for the Army. 

The whole will march from here tomorrow 
morning. The General will beat at eight o'clock. 
The Alfembly at nine. The Regiments will march 
by the Right. Brigadier Specht will furnifh the 
rear Guard from the Germans. The Baggage to 
follow the Line. 

One Sergeant and twelve men to be furniflied 
for a Guard to the Paymafter General. 

One Sergeant and twelve men for the Hofpital 
Guard, who are alfo to give every affiftance in the 
removal of the Sick and Wounded, Hofpital Stores, 
&c. 

The General Court Martial, of which Major 
Forjier was Prefident, is diffolved. 

13 



98 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Camp at Duer's House, 
lo''^ Sept. 1777. 

Parole St. Thomas. Counterfign, Weymouth. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 

All the Paymasters of the Army will receive the 
Subliftence of their Regiments and Corps from the 
25th June to the 24th Auguft, 1777, and fettle^?// 
Accounts with Mr. Geddes, Affiftant Paymafter 
General, to the 24th Auguft. The Paymafter 
. General is alfo ready to account with the German 
Corps. 

The Regiments here will march tomorrow morn- 
ing in the fame order as direded yefterday. The 
General will beat at 8 o'clock. The All'embly at 
nine. 

Lieut. Skene is appointed to ad: with Capt. Fra- 
fer' s Corps of Rangers till further Orders. 

Camp near Battenkill, 
Sept. 1 1*, 1777. 
Parole, St. Margaret. Counterfign, Navarre. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forjier. 
The Army will be ready to move forward to- 
morrow morning. A working Party of 100 men 
from the Line for Captain Shank at 5 o'clock, to 
load Provifions. Work to nine. 



Burgoy7ies Orderly Book. 99 

Camp near Battenkii.l, 
12''^ Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Michael. Counterfign, Cornwall. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forbes. 

The Officer who was lb unmindful of his Duty 
fome days ago as to quit his Poll of the utmoft 
importance, to attend upon private bulinels, having 
expreffed a thorough fenfe of his mifcondudl, and 
as far as in him lies atoned for the fame by evident 
marks of concern, is releafed from arreft. But the 
fad; having become notorious to the whole Army, 
the Lieut. General, in vindication of his own char- 
after, finds himfelf obliged to declare, that in luf- 
fering fo uncommon a breach of Difcipline without 
the Judgment of a Court Martial, he can only 
jullify himfelf by the Confidence that the Officers 
of this Army in general do not want an example of 
Punifhment to imprefs upon their minds a know- 
ledge of the great principles of their Profeffion, a 
confcioufnels of their refpedlive ftations, and a 
regard to perfonal honour, and he forgives and will 
forget the fault in queflion, convinced that it is 
impoffible it fliould happen twice. 

A great line of ceconomy and alfo an attentive 
adherence to the minuter parts of it, in the pre- 
lervation and diftribution of the Provifions becom- 
ing of the utmoft importance to the Campaign, 
the Lieut. General requires the ftridleft attention 
and precifion, that no fpecies of impofition from 



lOO Burgoy?tes Orderly Book. 

the under branches of the Corps or Departments 
may be admitted in the following Returns. 

A Return from Brigadier General Frafer of the 
number of Rations drawn for by the Advanced 
Corps, in which is to be included the Indians, 
Canadians and Provincial Corps, the Company of 
Pioneers under Capt. Wilcox, and all their Con- 
ductors, Drivers, and their ufual other followers. 

A Return to the fame purpofe from Major Gen- 
eral Phillips for the Right Wing of the Army and 
Artillery. 

A Return to the fame purpofe from Major General 
Reidefel for the whole Left Wing of the Army in 
which is to be included Col. Breymcul's Corps. 

A Return from Capt. Money to the fame purpofe 
from his Departments as Deputy Quarter Mafter 
General and Commiffary of Horfe. 

All thefe Returns are to be fent to the Lieut. 
General fealed, and no Copies communicated. In 
order that the feveral Officers who are to be re- 
fponfible for their corre6bnefs may have time to 
prepare them, thefe Returns are not required till 
the 17th Inft. But in the meantime all Commif- 
faries are forbid under the fevereft penalties to de- 
liver any fpecies of Provifions to any Perfons, with- 
out having due Authority from the heads of Corps 
and Departments. 

The Army will be ready to move tomorrow. 
The Park of Artillery will follow immediately after 
the Advanced Corps, and the Referve, and the 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. loi 

Britiili Regiments of the Line follow the Artillery. 
The 47th Regiment will encamp on the ground 
left by the German Referve, to cover the Provilions 
and affift in loading them. 

The Left Wing will receive their orders from 
Major General Reidefel. 

Camp at Saratoga, 13* Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Nicholas. Counterfign, Yarmouth. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Anjlrii- 
ther.^ 

The Army may be required to take Arms at the 
fhorteft notice : Officers therefore are not to quit 
the Camp. No Soldier nor follower of the Army 
is to pafs the Fiflikill under pain of the feverefl 
punilhment. 

The prefent port of the fix Companies of the 
47th Regiment being deftined to cover the Depot 
of Provifions, thofe Companies are not to take any 
of the Duties of the Line, but will augment their 
own Picquet to 40 men, which will during the 
night occupy a pofl upon the Illand and upon the 
point of land on the fouth fide of Filhkill where it 
falls into the River. The 20th Regiment will ad- 

I John Anstruther is found the 62d in February, 1773, ^"'^ 

commillioned in 1761 Captain- was wounded in two different aftions 

Lieutenant in the 63d Foot, which during this campaign ; was promoted 

regiment ferved in 1759 in the ex- to be Colonel in the Army in 1780, 

pedition againft Guadaloup; Cap- and is dropped towards the clofe of 

tain in 1762 and Major in 1766; 1782. 
he became Lieutenant-Colonel of 



I02 Burgoy?jes Orderly Book. 

vance four Companies to cover Head Quarters ; 
they will bring their Tents and take their orders 
from Sir Francis Clarke. 

The Picquet and Quarter Guards of the Line 
are to be pofted upon the Right Flank of the 
Encampment, fo as to form a front in the fame line 
of direction with the Britifh Light Infantry, If it 
fhould be necelTary to form a Line of Battle to that 
front, the Regiments of the Line will march to it 
by two Columns, the 9th Regiment followed by 
the 2 1 ft, making the Right, and the 62d followed 
by the 20th making the Column of the Left, in 
order to fill up the fpace between the Corps of 
General Frafer and Colonel Breymann. Brigadier 
Hamilton will order the proper Communications 
for this movement, and mark it in fuch manner to 
the Commanding Officers, that it may be made in 
the night time with alertnefs and free from Con- 
fufion. 

When Major General Phillips fliall have diredted 
the Roads proper to be taken for the part the 
Artillery is to bear in this movement, they are alio 
to be well reconnoitered by the refpedtive Officers, 
that their march may not clafh with the Columns. 
If this movement is made, the 47th Regiment 
keeps its ground, and is to defend it to the laft 
againfl: any attack from the other fide of the water, 
and the four Companies that cover Head Quarters, 
are to take poll in the Redoubt above the Bridge 
that leads to Head Quarters. 



=1 r^^A 







Maj. Gen. Friedrich Adolph Riedesel. 



(^-M 
3^' 






Burgoynes Orderly Book. 103 

In cafe of any movement on this fide the Hud- 
fon's River, Major General Reidefel^ will form the 
Left Wing of the Army at the Head of this En- 
campment, but not march off the Ground. 

I Friedhich Adolph Riedesel 
was born on the 3d June, 1 73 8, at 
Lauterbach in Rhinchefle. About 
the age of 1 5 he was fent to College 
at Marburg, where he (hortly after 
entered the mihtary fervice as Enfign 
in an Infantry regiment then ingar- 
rifon in that place. This regiment 
having been received into the Eng- 
lifh ellablifhment, Enfign Riedefel 
accompanied it to England, where 
he remained for a couple of years 
and acquired, during his fojourn, a 
tolerable knowledge of the Englifh 
language. On the breaking out of 
the Seven years' war in 1756, his 
regiment was recalled to Germany, 
where he was attached to the perfon 
of Prince Ferdinand of Brunfwick. 
He was appointed in the year 
1760, Captain of a regiment of 
Heffian Hulfars, then lately form- 
ed, and which is defcribed as one 
of the beft and mofl: fplendid in the 
fervice. Alter ferving two years 
in that corps, he found himfelf pafled 
by when promotions were made, 
which led him to refign his com- 
miffion, but in reparation for the 
lofs Prince Ferdinand appointed him 
Lieutenant'Colonel of his Black 
Hulfars in 1762. He was en- 
gaged in aftive fervice throughout 
the whole of the war, and when 
peace was declared retired into 
winter quarters, and in the month of 
December, 1762, was married to 



Frederica Von Maflbw, fecond 
daughter of Commiffary General 
Von Maflbw, whofe acquaintance 
he had formed in the courfe of his 
military career. On the dilbanding 
of his regiment in 1767, Riedefel 
was appointed Adjutant-General of 
the Brunfwick Army, and in 1772, 
named Colonel of Carabineers, 
formed fhortly after into a regiment 
of Dragoons. A few years after 
this the American Revolution broke 
out, and to crufli the rifing fpirit 
of Independence, England entered 
early in 1776, into treaties with the 
petty fovereigns of Germany to take 
into Britifh fervice nearly 20,000 
German troops. Over 4,000 of 
thefe were Brunfwickers. Colonel 
Riedelel was advanced to the rank 
of Major General and appointed to 
the command of the latter corps, 
which confilled of the following 
troops : I . A regiment of (dif- 
mounted) Dragoons ; under Lieut. 
Col. Baum. 2. Prince Frederick's 
regiment of Infantry ; Lieut. Col. 
Pratorius. 3, Rhets's regiment of 
Infantry ; Lieut. Col. von Ehren- 
krook. 4. Riedcfcl's regiment of 
Infantry ; Lieut. Col. von Speth. 
3. Von Specht's regiment of In- 
fantry ; Col. von Specht. 6. Gre- 
nadiers ; Lieut. Colonel Breyman. 
7. Rifle Battalion (Jagers); Lieut. 
Colonel Earner. General Riedefel 
failed from the Elbe on the 2 1 11 



104- Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 

The Quarter Mafters and Camp Colourmen of 
the Left Wing will mark out their ground tomor- 
row morning, but that Wing is not to pafs the 
River till the laft of the Depot fhall have palled the 



March, 1776; arrived at Spithead 
on the 28th of the fame month and 
failed on the 4th April for Quebec, 
where he arrived on the ill: of June. 
After fpending a year in Canada, 
he proceeded on the prefent expe- 
dition. It is not neceflary to detail 
here the operations in which he was 
engaged. After the furrcnder of 
the Army he accompanied General 
Burgoyne to Albany, where he was 
entertained with moll: honorable 
hofpitality at the manfion of Gen. 
Schuyler. He left that city on the 
22d Odiobcr, 1777, and proceeded 
to Cambridge, where he and the 
other German prifoners arrived on 
the 7th November following. In 
Nov. 1778, the German troops 
were ordered to Virginia, whither 
Maj. Gen. Riedefel followed, and in 
the courfe of the year i 779 were fent 
into Pennfylvania. In November 
ot that year he was permitted to re- 
move to New York. Having been 
exchanged in the autumn of 1780, 
Gen. Clinton conferred on him a 
command on Long Ifland, and Maj. 
Gen. Riedefel in confequence took 
up his quarters in Brooklyn. He 
remained there until iith July, 
1 78 1, when he, his family and 
fuite embarked on board the tranf- 
port Little Deal for Canada. After 
touching at Halifax he arrived a 
fecond time at Quebec on the loth 
September, 1 78 1, and proceeded 



to occupy his old quarters at Sorel, 
having been put in charge of the dil- 
trifl: fouth of the St. Lawrence be- 
tween Sorel and Lake Champlain. 
In 1783, an order was received to 
fend back the German troops to 
Europe, and Maj. Gen. Riedefel 
failed from Quebec in Auguft of 
that year, and after a brief paflage 
arrived in England, whence he pro- 
ceeded to Brunfwick. Of the 4000 
Brunfwickers that left in 1776, 
about 2800 returned to Germany, 
On the 5th of March, 1787, Maj. 
Gen. Riedefel was advanced to the 
rank of Lieut. General, and in the 
following year was appointed to the 
command of the Brunfwick contin- 
gent, which formed part of the 
German army that was fent to Hol- 
land to fupport the caufe of the 
Stadholder. He ferved with brief 
intervals in that country until the 
dole of 1793, when he retired to 
Lauterbach. He returned in 1794 
to Brunfwick, of which city he was 
appointed Commandant, and died 
on the 6th January, 1800, in the 
62d year of his age. Of nine child- 
ren, one daughter only was living 
in 1856. Mde. Riedefel, who has 
made herfelf familiar to all Ameri- 
can readers by her interelHng and 
entertaining Letters, furvived her 
hufband eight years and died in 
Berlin on the 29th March, 1 808. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 105 

Bridge, for expediting of which purpofe, all the 
Departments concerned are to ufe their utmofh 
diligence. 

Four days Provifions to be iffued to the Army 
tomorrow morning for the 17th Inftant inclufive. 

Camp at Saratoga, Sept. 14'^'^, 1777. 

Parole, 6*/. Jerome. Counterfign, Bath. 

Field Officer Britilh Picquit, Lt. Col. Hill. 

Enormous mifmanagement has been committed 
in relped: to the King's Carts, which have been 
allowed for the carriage of Camp Equipage only. 
Upon the next march, Commanding Officers of 
Corps are to be refponfible that the Regimental 
Qr. M after or in his abfence fome other Officer 
deputed to ad: for him, infpedt the loading of the 
Carts, and fuffer no Article beyond the extent of 
the order to be put thereon. 

A Field Officer of each wing is to review the 
Carts as they pafs off, and in cafe he finds any over- 
loaded, he is to dired: the improper Articles to be 
thrown off, and left upon the ground, and after- 
wards report the Regiment to which they belong. 
Any Soldier or other perfon detecfled in ill-treating 
any drivers, or horfcs, may be expedled to be 
feverely punifhed. 

During the next marches of the Army, the 

Corps are to move in fuch a ftate as to be fit for 

inftant ASlion ; it therefore becomes an unavoidable 

neceffity to circumfcribe more than at prefent, re- 

14 



io6 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

gimental convenience, in regard to the attendants 
upon baggage, cattle, and other inferior purpofes. 

The Brigadier Generals will colledl this evening 
from the Commanding Officers of Corps under 
their command, a Report of the number of Rank 
and File each Corps can march in the Ranks to- 
morrow, and an Account how the abfent men are 
difpofed of. 

It is to be a Jianding order for the reft of the 
Campaign, that all Picquits and Guards are under 
Arms an hour before daylight every morning, and 
remain fo till it is compleatly light. All Outpofts 
and Picquits are to fend out Patroles at this time. 
The Army will be in readinefs to march tomorrow. 

Major Hughes^ has requefted that Mr. Charles 
Gordon may be named in the Orders as an Adling 
Affiftant for the Contrad of Horfes. 

Camp at Saratoga, 15^^ Sept. 1777. 
Parole, St. Louija. Counterfign, BranSion. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Harnage. 
The Tents to be ftruck at twelve, and the Bag- 
gage loaded immediately. 

I William Hughes was appoint- fcnt to Canada. Capt. Hughes fiic- 

cd Lieutenant in the 53d Foot on the cecded the Earl of Balcarras as 

organization of that regiment in Major of the regiment, 8th Oftobcr, 

1756, and obtained his company 1777, and figned the parole at 

20th Oftober, I 765. After ferving Cambridge in December following, 

ten years at Gibraltar the regiment He is fuppofed to have died in Oc- 

was ordered to Ireland where it re- tober, 1780. 
mained until 1776, when it was 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 107 

The Army to march in three Columns after 
having palled Schuyler's houfe. 

The Right Column, confifling of the Britifli on 
the Right of the road. 

The Left Column, confifting of the Left Wing 
along the Meadow to the Left of the Road. 

The Artillery to form the Center Column, fol- 
lowed by the Baggage. The two Brigades of Ar- 
tillery of the Line to lead. 

Breymanns Corps to form the Rear Guard of 
the Army, and are to wait upon their Ground till 
they receive an order from an Aid de Camp of the 
Commander in Chief, or from Major General 
Reidefel. 

The Provifions are to be floated down under the 
care of Capt. Brown. The 47th Regiment will 
move with the Rear of the Provifions. 

The Hofpital to move as quick as Carts can be 
provided for them. 

The Bridge to be broke up and floated down 
immediately after the Army is marched, under the 
order of Capt. Sfumks.^ 

I John Schanck was a fon of Mailer's Mate. We next find him 

Alexander Schanck, Efq. of Caftle- in the Emerald frigate. Captain 

rcg, in Scotland, and was born about Douglas, with whom he went to the 

the year 1 746. He went to fea in north cape of Lapland, to obferve 

early life, and was for fome time in the tranfit of Venus. About 1771 

the merchant fervice. In 1757 he Mr. Schanck joined the Princefs 

ferved for the firft time in a man-ot- Amelia of 80 guns, fitted for the 

war, the Elizabeth, of 74 guns, Jamaica ftation, under Sir George 

commanded by Sir Hugh Pallifer, Rodney. Previous to this, he ap- 

whom he afterwards accompanied pears to have the good fortune to 

to another fhip in the capacity of fave thehfeof Mr. Whitworth,who 



io8 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 



At Dovogot Camp, after order. 
One Captain, two Subalterns and one hundred 
men from the ninth Regiment to take poll at the 
Bridge on the great road. The whole Line to he 
accoutred tonight. 



was overfet in a fmall boat in Portf- 
mouth Harbour, and afterwards loil 
in America while ferving under Lord 
Howe. Ml-. Schanck was alfo for 
fome time a midfhipman on board 
the Barfleur, and was ordered to 
America, where he became i<nown 
to Earl Percy. In 1 774 he invented 
a new conftruftion of vcffels, with 
Aiding keels, adapted for navigating 
in ihallow water, and applied his 
invention to a boat built for Lord 
Percy, then at Bofton. The experi- 
ment was attended with i"o much 
latillaftion, that it was introduced 
into the Britilh navy, and led to 
other improvements ot afimilar kind. 
In the month of June, 1776, after a 
laborious fcrvice ot eighteen years' 
continuance, Mr. Schanck was pro- 
moted to the rank of Lieutenant, 
atid appointed to the Canccaux, an 
armed fchooner, employed on the 
river St. Lawrence. This com- 
mand he nominally retained for a 
confiderable time ; we fay nomin- 
ally, for almoft immediately after 
the commencement of the war in 
Canada, the late Admiral Vandeput, 
with whom he had fervcd as a mid- 
fliipman in India, and who had con- 
ceived a juft idea of his talents, 
recommended him as a proper pcr- 



fon to fit out a flotilla, to a£l againft 
the revolted colonifts on the Lakes; 
in confequence of which he was ap- 
pointed fuperintendenc of the naval 
department of St. John's, and in the 
year following received a fecond 
commiflion, nominating him to the 
elevated ftation of ienior officer of 
the naval department in that quarter. 
In tail he might have been truly 
called the civil commander-in-chief, 
all the conjunft duties of the Ad- 
miralty and Navy Board being 
veiled in him. The force under 
his dircftion was confiderable, no 
lefs than four difi^erent flotillas, or 
fquadrons of fmall velTcls, being at 
one time fubjeft to his dircftion in 
the civil line. His exertions and 
merit were fo confpicuous, as to 
draw forth the higheft encomiums 
from the admiral commanding on 
the ftation, particularly on account 
of the celerity and expedition with 
which he conftrufted a Ihip of over 
300 tons, called the Inflexible, the 
very prefence of which veficl on the 
Lakes ftruck with infurmountable 
terror the whole American fleet, 
and compelled it to feck for fafety in 
ignominious flight, after having held 
out a vain boart of many months' 
conUnuance, that the firft appear- 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 109 



Camp at Dovogot, 16^^ Sept. 1777. 
. Parole, St. John. Counterfign, Valentia. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lieut. Col. Lind. 
No foragers are at any time to go out in I'mall 
parties, nor ever till the Fog is cleared up. 



ancc of the Britifli flotilla would be 
the certain forerunner of its imme- 
diate deftruftion. The Inflexible 
was originally put on the llocks at 
Quebec ; her floors were all laid, 
and fome timbers in ; the whole, 
namely, the floors, keel, ftem and 
flern, were then taken down, and 
carried up the St. Lawrence to 
Chamblais, and thence to St. John's. 
Her keel was laid, for the fecond 
time, on the morning of the zd 
September ; and by funfet, not only 
the above-mentioned parts were laid 
and fixed, but a confiderable quan- 
tity of frefh timber was, in the courfe 
of the fame day, cut out and formed 
into futtocks, top-timbers, beams, 
planks, &c. On the 30th Septem- 
ber, being twenty-eight days from 
the period when the keel was laid, 
the Inflexible was launched ; and on 
the evening of the lil Odlober, fhe 
aftuallv failed, completely manned, 
viftualled, and equipped for fervice. 
In ten days afterwards this vcfTel 
was engaged with the enemy ; fo 
that it may be faid, without the 
fmalleft exaggeration of Lieutenant 
Schanck's merits, that he built, 
rigged, and completed a Ihip, which 
fought and beat her enemy, in lefs 
than fix weeks from the commence- 



ment of her conftruftion. Among 
other curious particulars relative to 
this extraordinary circumflance, it 
was no uncommon thing for a num- 
ber of trees, which were actually 
growing at dawn of day, to form 
different parts of the fhip, either as 
planks, beams, or other timbers, 
before night. Few profcffional men, 
and methodical fliipwrights, would, 
perhaps, credit this fadl, were it 
not ellablifhed bevond all pofTibility 
of controverfy. Exclufively of the 
armaments which he had fitted out 
and equipped for fervice on the 
Lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron, and 
Michigan, Lieut. Schanck had the 
dircftion of four different dock- 
yards at the fame time, fituated at 
St. John's, Quebec, Carleton Ifland, 
and Detroit. In all thefe multifa- 
rious branches and diviflons of pub- 
lic duty, his diligence and zeal were 
equalled only by the llrift attention 
which he paid on all occafions 
to the economical expenditure of 
the public money ; a rare and highly 
honorable example, particularly at 
that time of day, when peculation 
and plunder were charges by no 
means uncommon, and when the 
opportunities which he pofTefTed of 
enriching himfelf, without danger of 



no 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 



When forage is wanted, the Brigadier Generals 
will fend a report to the General of the numbers 



incurring complaint, or rifking dif- 
covcry, were perhaps unprecedented. 
His fervices on this occafion were 
not folely confined to the naval de- 
partment. When Gen. Burgoyne 
arrived from England, and placed 
himfelf at the head of a formidable 
army, by means of which, in co- 
operation with other alTiIlance, it 
was expefted that America would 
be fiiddenly and completely fubdued, 
Lieut. Schanck's talents were again 
called into exertion. In a country 
fo frequently interfered by creeks, 
rivulets, ftreams, and rapid rivers, 
the progrefs of troops was liable to 
an endlefs variety of obftruftions. It 
is ufual in Europe to make ufe of 
pontoons on fimilar occafions ; but 
thefe were not always to be obtained 
in America, and even when pro- 
cured became cumbcrfome and in- 
convenient in a foreft, as they were 
to be carried through fwanips and 
woods, fometimes impervious to 
wagons. To obviate the inconven- 
ience to which Gen. Burgoyne was 
fubjefled on this account, Lieut. 
Schanck became not only the in- 
ventor, but the conftrudlor of feveral 
floating bridges, by which the pro- 
grefs of the army was materially 
aided, and without which it would 
have been in all probability totally 
impeded much fooner than it really 
was. They were fo conftrufted as to 
be capable of navigating themfelves ; 
and were not only equipped with 
malls and fails for that purpofe, but. 



having been built at the diftance of 
feventy miles from Crown Point, 
were aftually conveyed thither with- 
out difficulty, for the purpofe of 
forming a bridge at that place. The 
unhappy rcftilt of Gen. Burgoyne's 
expedition for the fubjugation of the 
Colonies is too well known ; and it 
is almoft unneceffary to remark, 
that the floating bridges, likcT the 
army deftined to pafs over them, 
were but too foon in the power of 
the enemy. Such fervices as thefe 
could not but be followed by cor- 
refpondent rewards ; and we accord- 
ingly find Lieut. Schanck promoted, 
firil to the rank of commander, and 
then to that of poll-captain ; the 
latter event occurred Augull 15, 
1783. After the commencement 
of hoililities with France, confe- 
quent to the French Revolution, 
Captain Schanck's abilities were 
confidered far too valuable to be 
neglefted ; and he was accordingly 
appointed to be principal agent of 
tranfports in the expedition fent to 
the Weft Indies, under the orders 
of Admiral Sir John Jervis, and 
General Sir Charles Grey. This 
fatiguing and important fervice he 
executed, not only with the llrifteft 
diligence, but with an attention to 
the national finances, uncommon, 
and perhaps unprecedented. He 
remained fome time at Martinico, 
after the capture of that valuable 
ifland. So confpicuous was his 
afliduity in the preceding fervice 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 



Ill 



propofed and of the time they are meant to be ab- 
fent from the Camp, that a judgement may be 



that when the reveries of war com- 
pelled the Britifh troops to quit 
Flanders, and retire into Holland, 
whither they were followed by the 
armies of the French Convention, 
Capt. Schanck was appointed fuper- 
intendent of all the veflels employed 
in the various fervices of conveying 
either troops, ftores, or property, 
from one countrj- to the other ; and 
his exertions tended at leaft to re- 
duce difafter within its narroweft 
polTible hmits. The acquifuion of 
coart gained by the enemy, and the 
general complexion of public affairs, 
caufing an apprehenfion that an at- 
tempt might be made to invade 
Britain, a new and formidable fyf- 
tem of defence was, by the orders 
of the Admiralty Board piojefted, 
arranged, and completely carried into 
execution, under the direction of 
Capt. Schanck. In fhort, the defence 
of the whole coaft, from Portfmouth 
to Berwick-upon-Tweed, was con- 
fided to him ; and few commands 
have ever been boftowed of more 
magnitude and importance, or rc- 
qt/iring more extenfive abilities. 
The objefts he had to attain were 
infinitely more multifarious than 
generally fall to the lot either of a land 
or of a naval officer ; for he was not 
only under the neceflity of contriving 
and conftrutling a variety of rafts, 
and veflels of different defcriptions, 
capable ot receiving cannon, but he 
was alfo compelled to fit and adapt 
for the fame purpofe, the greater 



part even of the fmall boats which 
he found employed in different occu- 
pations on the coaft. When even 
thefe difficulties were overcome, he 
had ff ill to undergo the tafk of teach- 
ing the inhabitants throughout the 
feveral diftrifts, the art of fighting 
and managing this heterogeneous, 
though highly ferviceable flotilla, in 
cafe the neceffity of the country 
Ihould be fuch as to require their 
perfonrl exertions. To have over- 
come thefe multiplied difficulties 
would, in itfelf, be a matter of fuf- 
ficient praife to entitle a man to the 
higheft tribute public gratitude could 
bertovv, were every other occafion 
that could call for it wanting. In 
1799, Captain Schanck was again 
appointed to fuperintend the tranf- 
port fervice connefted with the ex- 
pedition to Holland ; and on the 
formation of the Tranfport Board, 
he was nominated one of the Com- 
miffioncrs ; a ftation he continued 
to hold with the higheft credit and 
honour to himielf, till the year 1 802, 
when, in confequence of an opthal- 
mic complaint, he was under the 
neceffity of retiring from the fatigues 
of public fervice. On the promo- 
tion of Flag-officers, which took 
place November 9, 1805, Com- 
miffioner Schanck was promoted to 
the rank of Rear-Admiral. He 
became a Vice- Admiral, July 31, 
1 8 10 ; and an Admiral of the Blue, 
July 19, 1 82 1. Admiral Schanck 
was one of the original members of 



112 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

formed whether the numbers can be fpared iov that 
time. The foragers when out are to keep together, 
and upon the firing of three Guns are to return to 
Camp with all poifible expedition. 

The Carts that are lent to the Regiments for 
carrying their regimental baggage, are to be re- 
turned to the orders of the D. Qr. Mafter General 
as foon as they arrive in Camp, except at fuch 
times as the march of the Army is likely to be con- 
tinued in a few hours. 

Camp at Sword's Farm, 
17''^ Sept. 1777 
Parole, St. Honora. Counterfign, England. 

Field Officer Britifli Piquet, Major Forjier. 
The whole Army to lie Accoutred and be under 
Arms an hour before day break and continue fo till 
it clears up. 

the Society for improving naval carriages, which is juftly confidered 

architefturc, fct on foot by the late as the greatell modern invention in 

eccentric John Sewell, the bookfeller; gunnery. Admiral Schanck mar- 

and fome of the papers publiflicd by ricd Mifs Grant, by whom he had 

that Inftitiition were the prod udions a daughter, who married, in 1800, 

of this ingenious ofHcer. Heap- Capt. John Wright, R. N., and who 

pears alfo to have been the inventor died May 6, I 812, leaving a young 

of gun-boars with moveable flides, family. On the 6th of March, 

for firing guns in any direftion. He 1823, Admiral Schanck died at 

likewifc fitted the Wolverine (loop Dalilh, in Devonfhire, in the 83d 

with the inclined plane in her gun- year of his age. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. ii; 

Camp at Sword's House, 
iS^i^ Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Patrick. Counterfign, Dublin, 

Field Officer Britifti Picquet, Major Forbes. 

To the great reproach of difcipline, and of the 
common fence of Soldiers who have been made 
prifoners, the Service has fuftained a lofs within ten 
days that might in Ad:ion have coft the lives of 
fome hundreds of the enemy. 

The Lieut. General will no longer bear to lofe 
his men for the pitiful confideration of potatoes or 
forage. 

The life of the Soldier is the property of the 
King, and fince neither friendly admonition, re- 
peated injunctions nor corporal puniihments have 
effedl, after what has happened, the Army is now 
to be informed, and it is not doubted the Com- 
manding Officers will do it, folemnly, that the firft 
Soldier caught beyond the advanced Centries of the 
Army will be inftantly hanged. 

If the Army does not march this afternoon, two 
days more provilions will be iffued to vidlual them 
compleat to the 21 ft Inftant inclulive. 

It is poffible that fome flour may have received 
damage by water carriage ; in that cafe care muft 
be taken that the diftribution is made equally, that 
no particular mefs may fuffer. 

The baggage is to remain loaded, as the Army 
will march as foon as the Bridges are repaired. 
15 



114 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

In cafe of an Adiion, the Lieut. General will be 
found near the Center of the Britifh Line, or he 
will leave word there where he may be followed. 

In cafe of an Aftion one orderly Subaltern Officer 
is to be fent from each of the following Corps, viz^: 
one from the Britifli Line, one from Brigadier 
General Frafers Corps, and one who fpeaks French 
from the Left Wing. Thefe Officers are to be on 
Horfe back. 

Beyond Freeman's House, on the 
Field of Battle, 19''' Sept. 1777. 
Parole, <S'/. Euftatia. Counterfign, Holland. 

Camp Freeman's House, 
ao''^ Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Andrew. Counterfign, Orkney. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 

The whole Army will march exadlly at three 
o'clock. The Britifh Regiments upon the Left 
will drefs with the Right of the Grenadiers, and 
the Britilh Line will extend their Right, dreffing 
with the Regiment on their Left. Mr. Vallancey 
will fliow them their ground. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, ] 
21" Sept. 1777. J 
Morning Orders. 
As parties are to be employed making roads this 
day in order to advance towards the Enemy, it's 



Burgoynes Orderly Book, 115 

the General's Orders that the Corps encamp on 
their prefent Ground immediately. 

2ift Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Louija. Counterfign, Lincoln. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forjler. 

The Lieut. General having an opportunity of 
obferving the Condudl of the Troops in all parts of 
the Adion of the 19th Inftant, thinks it incumbent 
on him to give his publick teftimony to the exem- 
plary fpirit of the OtHcers in general, and in many 
inftances of the private men. In both thefe dif- 
tindtions the Artillery are to be noticed, and the 
Brigade under Capt. Jones' in particular deferves a 
conlpicuous place. 

His particular thanks to Major General Phillips 
cannot be omitted upon an Occalion where, added 
to the fervice of the department under his fpecial 
infpedlion, he finds himfelf under great obligations 
for the affiftance of a moft able and zealous Second 
in General command. 

The zeal and fpirit of Major General Reidefel 
demands alfo the Lieut. General's particular ac- 

I Thomas Jones was commif- of guns. The Artillery of the army 
fioned 2d Lieutenant of Artillery 2d dillinguifhed themfelves greatly, but 
April, 1757; Captain-Lieutenant this brigade in particular, the ofEcers 
23d Oftober, 1 761, and Captain and men ftationed at thofe guns be- 
lli January, 1771. ing all killed and wounded, except 

We have loft many brave men. Lieutenant Hadden, who had a very 

and among that number is to be narrow efcapc, his cap being fhot 

lamented Captain Jones, of the Ar- away as he was fpiking up the can- 

ullery.who was killed at his brigade non. — Anbury, i, 418. 



1 1 6- Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

knowledgements, and the regular fire given by the 
Troops he brought up, and the good countenance 
of the Germans in general was fully noticed. 

Brigadier General Frafer took his pofition in 
the beginning of the day with great judgment, and 
fuftained the Action with his ufual pretence of 
mind and vigour. 

Brigadier General Hamilton acquitted himfelf 
very honourably at the head of his Brigade by his 
aftivity and good condud: during an Adtion of 
feveral hours. 

Amidfl: thefe general fubjefts of Applaufe, the 
impetuofity and uncertain aim of the Britifli Troops 
in giving their fire, and the miftake they are ftill 
under, in preferring it to the Baynotte, is to be 
much lamented. The Lieut. General is perfuaded 
this error will be corrected in the next engagement, 
upon conviftion of their own experience and rea- 
fon, as well as upon that general principle of difci- 
pline never tojire but by the order of an officer. 

One hundred and twenty men of tried bravery 
and fidelity from the Provincial Corps of Jejfops, 
Peters, McAlptns, and McKay are to be incorpo- 
rated for the lervice of this Campaign o;?/y in the 
fix Britifh Regiments, in the proportion of twenty 
to each Regiment. They will have a Certificate 
under the hand of the Lieut. General to entitle 
them to a Difcharge on the 25th day of December 
next. They will alfo receive a gratuity upon their 
incorporation, and another at the expiration of their 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 117 

Tervice, and this will be the only number required 
from them. 

Thole Corps whofe eftablifliment is to take place 
upon a certain number of men being raifed, are 
allowed to reckon the men furnifhed upon this 
order as a part of that number. 

It is not doubted that the Officers now at the 
head of the feveral Corps concerned, will affift to 
carry into effeft fo very material a piece of fervice 
by every encouragement in their power, in order 
to the number being lupplied by Volunteers ; the 
names of whom, and the Corps they belong to, are 
to be fent to Capt. Campble, Deputy Murter Mafter 
General, early tomorrow morning. 

Difcharging the Arms in Camp, which would 
be at all times irregular, is particularly fo when 
near the Enemy, as it occalions falfe Alarms. The 
Commanding Officers of Regiments are to be re- 
fponfible that the flanding order againft keeping 
Arms loaded in the Bell Tents be better enforced, 
and if any duties occafionally require loaded Arms 
that they may be properly examined by an officer 
of a Company every morning, that fuch as cannot 
be drawn may be collecfted in one place and fired 
together. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, ) 
2 2^1 Sept. 1777. j 
Parole, St. Edmund. Counterfign, Glojlcr. 

Field Officer Britifh, Lieut. Col. Ltnd. 



ii8 Burgoynes Orderly Booh., 

Camp at Freeman's Farm. 
23'' Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Charlotte. Counterfign, Ludlow. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forjier. 

No perfon whatever to pals the Bridge from this 
fide the water, without a written Order, figned by 
the Lieut. General, except fcouts or other parties 
marching with Arms, or Engineers or workmen 
employed under them. And all perfons coming 
from the other fide are to be. taken to Lieut. Col. 
Sutherland, or Commanding Officer of the 47th 
Regiment, to be examined. 

Patrick Shehan, private Soldier in the 6 2d Regi- 
ment, tried for delertion before a General Court 
Martial, held Sept. 9th, 1777, has been found 
guilty by that Court, and is fentenced to receive a 
Corporal punilliment of one thoufand Lafhes, which 
fentence is confirmed by the Lieut. General, and 
ordered to be put in execution. 

The Army to receive two days provifions tomor- 
row morning for the 25th inclufive. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 
24* Sept. 1777. 
Parole, St. Rupert. Counterfign, Hampton. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 119 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 
25^'^ Sept. 1777. 
Parole, St. Dorothy. Counterfign, Leeds. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Major Forjler. 
Mr. John McComb is appointed by the Lieut. 
General Paymafter to the Provincial Corps. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, ) 
26th Sept. 1777. ] 

Parole St. Stephen. Counterfign, Stilton. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Lt. Col. hind. 

The Lieut. General, defirous to contribute every 
thing in his power to the comfort of the wounded, 
has dired:ed half a pound of meat per day to be 
added to their prefent allowance of frefli meat. 
Each Regiment of the Army is to fend one Camp 
Kettle to the General Hofpital to be delivered to 
the Purveyor, who is to give a receipt for the fame, 
that they may be redelivered. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 
27^^^ Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Jojepha. Counterfign, Upton. 

Field Officer Britiffi Picquet, Major Forjler. 

By fome miftake a Cafk of wine has been brought 
from the Lakes among fome wine belonging to an 
Officer ; any perfon fpecifying the nature and 
quantity of the wine, and giving fufficient proof of 
its being really their property, Ihall be paid for it by 
applying to head quarters. 



I20 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Each Britifli Regiment to fend a baker to Mr. 
A: CommilTary General Clarke to aflift in baking 
for the Army. 

Lieut. Campbel of the 24th Regiment is ap- 
pointed to aft as an Affiftant to the Qr. Mr. Gen- 
eral, and is to be attached to the Advanced Corps. 

Lieut. Torriano^ of the 20th Regiment is ap- 
pointed to aft as Brigade Commifliiry of Provifions 
to the Right Wing in the room of Lieut. Corrie 
killed. 

As there will be a difpofition made for a general 

foraging party tomorrow, and the time and place 

named early in the morning, the Commanding 

Officers of Corps will take care that no parties are 

fuffered to go out. 

The Lieut. General has been pleafed to poft the 
Canadian Officers as follows : Lieut. Bauhien to a5l 
as Captain vice Monm killed ; Enlign De Bonne 
from BounhoiePs Company to aSl as Lieutenant vice 
Baiibien. Voluntier Vigjiong to a£l as Enfign, vice 
£)f Bonne, till his Excellency Sir Guy Carletons 
pleafure is known. 

The Army will make a forage to the rear to- 
morrow morning, to be ready to fet out with the 
batt horfes at eight o'clock, but not to move till 
the firing of one gun from the Center of the Line, 

» Charles Torriano received a Foot 14th November, 1775. We 

commiffion in the 3d Buffs as En- don't find his name in the Army 

fign 26th December, 1770, and was Lift after 1784. 
appointed Lieutenant in the zoth 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 



121 



at which time the whole will proceed towards the 
Rear, and will feed the horfes for four hours, after 
which they are to return to Camp with as large 
truffes of forage as poflible. This foraging party 
to be covered by a Captain, three Subalterns, and 
one hundred and fifty men from the Advanced 
Corps, and one Captain, two Subalterns, and one 
hundred men from the Left Wing. The Detach- 
ment of the Advanced Corps will poft themfelves 
on the Heights, on this fide of the Ravine, leading 
to Fifher's houfe, otherwife Dovogots. The De- 
tachment of the Left Wing to take pofi: near the 
River ; communicating with that of the Advanced 
Corps, and no forager under pain of being fhot as 
a deferter to proceed beyond the Covering party. 
The Deputy Qr. Mr. General and Commifi"aries of 
Horfe, with the Waggon Mafter to attend in their 
department this foraging party. 

The Afliftant Qr. Mr. General Bailey, from the 
Line, and Campble from the Advanced Corps are 
to go with the two Detachments, to fee that a 
proper communication is kept between them. The 
Field Officer of the Picquet for this night is to 
infpedl the whole. 

The foragers are to return at three o'clock, and 
the covering party half an hour after. 

Should three Guns be fired from the Camp, the 
whole are to return immediately. 

Capt. Money, Deputy Qr. Mafter General, will 
aflign the parts where forage is to be taken. 
i6 



122 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

Two days Provifions for the 29th inclufive will 
be ilTued tomorrow and fent in Carts to the differ- 
ent Brigades and Corps. Lieut. Vallmicey will take 
charge of this. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 
28'!^ Sept. 1777. 

Parole, St. Charles. Counterfign, Madrid. 

Field Officer Britifli Piquet, Lt. Col. Ltnd. 

The Lieut. General has received intelligence of 
an attempt made by the Enemy upon Ticonderoga, 
in which they mifcarried and have retired, but have 
made prifoners fome part of the 53d Regiment 
ported upon the carrying place of Lake George. 

Till circumftances are more authentically known, 
it would be unjuft to accufe any of fo great a fault 
as fuffering a furprize, but the occafion cannot be 
overlooked of repeating to Officers in general the 
neceffity of vigilance and unremitting alertnefs upon 
their pofts, and warning them that no diftance of 
the Enemy or fituation of ground is fecurity or ex- 
cufe, if they are found off their guard. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 1 
29''' Sept. 1777. I 
Parole, St. Ann. Counterfign, York. 

Field Officer Britifli Piquet, Major Forjler. 
Notwithftanding the politive orders to the con- 
trary, fome men ftill expofe themfelves beyond the 
Advanced Guards. Orders are given to all out 



Burgoy7ie s Orderly Book. 123 

Guards and Gentries to make prifoners every man 
that Ihall prefume to go beyond them, and a very 
fevere example will be immediately made of any 
Soldier, Driver or other follower of the Camp that 
fhall be found guilty of difobeying this order, either 
for forage or upon any other pretence. 

After Orders. 

The Line will forage tomorrow morning at 
eight o'clock if the fog is off. 

The Govering Party is to be commanded by a 
Field Officer. One Captain, two Subalterns and 
eighty men from the Britifh. A Captain, three 
Subalterns and one hundred and twenty men from 
the Germans. 

The Left Wing gives the Field Officer. The 
particular orders for the foraging will be given to 
the Field Officer tomorrow morning. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, | 
30'h Sept. 1777. I 

Parole, St. Raphael. Counterfign, Italy. 

Field Officer Britifh Picquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 

All the Drivers are to be allembled this evening 
at their different departments at the time of Roll 
calling, and are to be informed that feven men of 
thofe who deferted have been icalped by the Enemy's 
Indians, and that the Lidians belonging to our Camp 
are in purfuit of the reft. They are alfo to be in- 
formed that the firft Deferter taken belonging to 
them will be hanged up immediately. 



124 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Mr. Alexander CrookJJxinks is appointed to a£t as 
an Affiftant Commiffary. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 1 
I St oa. ijjj. ] 
Parole, St. Elfrida. Counterfign, Newark. 

Field Officer tomorrow Britifh Picquet, Major 
Forjier. 

One days Provilions for the fecond inflant will 
be iffued to the Army immediately. 

Parole, St. Mary. Counterfign, Clifton; changed 
on account of a deferter. 

In confequence of authentic letters received by 
the Lieut. General from Brig. Gen. Powell at 
Ticonderoga, and Capt. Aubrey"^ of the 47th Regi- 

I Thomas Aubrey, 2d fon of the Americans in two divifions. 
Sir Thomas Aubrey, Bart., of who, however, were repulfed with 
Glanmorganfhire, entered the army confiderable lofs and forced to re- 
in 1762, as Enfign in the 9th Foot treat. After the furrender of Bur- 
then ferving in Florida ; was pro- goyne, Capt. Aubrey returned to 
motcd to a lieutenancy in 1765, Canada, and became Major in the 
and in the following year exchanged Army in 1782, and continued in 
into the 4th or King's Own, in aftive fervice until 1789, when he 
which regiment he ferved until is found on the half pay lift. He 
1771, when he obtained a company rcprclcnted the borough of Walling-^ 
in the 47th Foot, which was foon ford in Parliament, and having rofe 
after ordered to America and was to the rank of Colonel in the Army 
engaged at Bunker Hill in 1775. died on the 15th January, 1814, 
During this campaign he was fta- leaving iflue one daughter. His. 
tioncd with two companies of his eldell brother. Sir John Aubrey, 
regiment at Diamond liland in charge Bart., was lord of the Admiralty in 
of the ifores at the fouth end of 1782; lord of the Treafury in 
Lake George. Here he was at- 1783, and " father of the Houfe of 
tacked on the 24th September by Commons " in 1826. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 125 

ment commanding at Diamond Ifland in Lake 
George. 

The Army is informed that the Enemy having 
found means to crofs the mountain between Skenef- 
borough, * * * 

[Two leaves mifling from the original manufcript.] 

Camp at Freeman's Farm. 
3'* Od:. 1777. 

There is reafon to be aflured, that other power- 
ful Armies are adtually in cooperation with thefe 
Troops ; and ahhough the prefent fupply of provi- 
fion is ample, it is highly defirable to prepare for 
any continuance in the field that the King's fervice 
may require, without the delay of bringing forward 
further ftores for thofe purpofes ; the Ration of 
Bread or Flour is, for the prefent, fixed at one 
pound. 

With the fame confidence in the King's grace 
the Lieut. General has ventured to order the Deputy 
Paymafter General to iffue one hundred and fixty 
five days forage money to the Officers of this Army. 

The Provoll to make the round of the Camp 
this afternoon, and to report who are the perfons 
that traffick in the fale of frefh meat, and from 
whence fuch traffick is fupplied. 

Each Regiment will fend the fpare Arms belong- 
ing to their men in Hofpital to the Dep. Qr. Mr. 
General. They will be delivered in good order. 



126 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

and he will have them placed in the ftore till fuch 
time as the Regiment fliall again apply for them. 

Mr. McDonald is appointed to ait as Surgeon to 
the Corps of McAlpin and McKoy 

The Army including the Advanced Corps will 
forage tomorrow morning. 

The Covering Party is to be Commanded by a 
Field Officer. One Captain, two Subalterns and 
eighty men from the Right Wing. One Captain, 
three Subalterns and one hundred and twenty men 
from the Left Wing. The Germans give the 
Field Officer, 

A Referve of 300 Men with proper Officers to 
be in readinefs tomorrow morning an hour after 
Revillie beating to turn out at the fhortefl notice 
under the command of Brigadier Specht, who will' 
take his orders from Major General Riedefel. 

The foragers and the Detachment under the 
Field Officer to aflemble at eight o'clock on the 
plain by the Bridge. The Dep. Qr. Mr. General 
with his AlTiftants, and the Commillaries of Horfe 
to attend this foraging. 

Parole and Counterfign both changed to 

Parole, St. Clara. Counterfign, Rome. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 
4''^ Odl. 1777. 
Parole, St. Cloud. Counterfign, Champlain 

Field Officer Britiffi Picquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 



Burgoy7ie's Orderly Book. 127 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 
5th Odt. 1777. 

Parole St. Omer. Counterfign, Crownpoint. 

Field Officer Britifli Picquet, Major Forjier. 

All out Guards and polls not intended to be 
concealed, are to light fires one hundred yards in 
their front, that they may the better diftinguifh 
any thing advancing within that diftance of their 
Stations. 

Complaints having been made of feveral Bullocks 
and Cowes being ftolen, no Cattle are to be flau2:h- 
tered without leave in writing from the Qr. Mr. 
General or his Affiftants, which leave will be 
granted to fuch perfons only as prove the Cattle to 
be their own property. 

The Parole and Counterfign are both changed to 

Parole, St. Rupert. Counterfign, Holland. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, 
6th oa. 1777. 

Parole, St. John. Counterfign, Saratoga. 

Field Officer Britifii Picquet, Lt. Col. LincL 
While the Army lies contiguous, the German 
Recruits in the Britifh Regiments who are defirous 
of attending the Lutheran Service, will have leave 
upon applying to the Commanding Officer of their 
refpedlive Regiments; who will order an Officer to 
march them to the place where the Service is per- 
formed, and return with them when it is over. 



128 Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 

In the next delivery of Provifions, two days frefh 
meat will be iflued at the rate of one pound of beef 
per Ration, to each man. The other two days 
will be fait provilion as ufual. 

His Excellency the Lieut. General is pleafed to 
make a prefent of twelve barrels of Rum to the 
Troops to be diftributed as follows : Barrels. 
German Corps, , 3 

Officers do i 

Advanced Corps, 3 

Officers do i 

Britiffi Regt's & Artillery 2 

Officers do i 

Jelfups, Peters, Batteau men 
& naval department. 

Total, 1 2 

This Rum to be fent this afternoon to the differ- 
ent Corps. And the Brigadier General will take 
care that the Qr. Mailers of the different Regi- 
ments iffue it in equal proportions to the men. 
The Brigade Commiffaries will receive and give 
receipts for the fame. 

Camp at Freeman's Farm, y^"^. 
Parole, St. Charles. Counterfign, Dover. 

Near the Redoubts, S'l^ Odl. 1777. 
Parole, St. Mark. Counterfign, Milford. 

Field Officer Britifli Piquet, Major Forjler. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 129 

At Dovogot, 9th Odlober, 1777. 

Parole, St. Julia. Counterfign, Stratford. 

Six days Provifion to be iffued to the Army im- 
mediately. Breymanri s Corps having by fome 
miftake not drawn two days provifions on the laft 
delivery, will now receive eight days provilions. 
To prevent delay the Qr. Mafters of Regiments 
will unload as many Carts as they think necelTary 
to fetch up this provifion. An Officer and 30 
men from the Britifli, and a like party from the 
Germans, to go immediately to the CommilTary's 
to affift in the delivery. 

After Orders. 

Each Regiment will (tndfour Carts inftantly to 
the Batteaux for their provilions. 

Camp at Saratoga, 10''^ Oft. 1777. 

Parole, St. Matthew. Counterfign, Durham. 

The Provifion Carts to be drawn up diredlly to 
their refpedtive Regiments, the provifions to be 
immediately ifiiied to the men. The Officers will 
take care that all the mefies cook as foon as poffible. 

As it is poffible fome of the provifions were loft 
in the march yefiierday, a return to be fent in im- 
mediately from each Regiment of what provifions 
will be wanting to compleat their men with fix 
days from tomorrow the i ith to the i6th inclufive. 
17 



130 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Field Officer Lt. Col. Lind for the Britifli Pic- 
quet, loth of Odt. 

Ten men from each Regiment to be fent imme- 
diately to the 67th Regiment, and take their Orders 
from Col. Anjlruther. 

Camp Saratoga, ii'^ Oftober, 1777. 

Parole, St. Maurice. Counterfign, Barton. 

Field Officer Britifh Piquet, Major Forjier. 

Parole and Counterfign changed to 

Parole, St. Albinia. Counterfign, NoElon. 

The Army to receive one day's frefli meat to- 
morrow morning, which will be for the 17th in- 
clufive. 

Camp Saratoga Heights, 
la'i^ Odl, 1777. 
Parole, St. Michael. Counterfign, Enfield. 

Field Officer Britifh Piquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 

Camp Saratoga Heights, 
13'^^ 06t. 1777. 
Parole, St. Elizabeth. Counterfign, Springfield. 
Field Officer Britilh Piquet, Major Forjier. 

Camp Saratoga Heights, 
14'h 06t. 1777. 
Parole, St. Juftian. Counterfign, Brookfield. 

Field Officer Britifh Piquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 



Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 131 

Camp Saratoga Heights, ) 
15th oa. 1777. I 
Parole, St. James. Counterfign, Wilton. 

Field Officer Britifli Piquet, Major Forjier. 



Camp Saratoga Heights, 1 
16* Odl. 1777. J 
Parole, St. Jqfeph. Counterfign, Cambridge. 

Field Officer Britfli Piquet, Lt. Col. Lind. 

17th Odtober. 
Treaty of Convention figned. 



PAPERS 



Relative to the Convention. 



No. I. 

Odlober 13*, 1777- 

LT. General Burgoyne is defirous of fending 
a Field Officer with a Meffage to M. Gen. 
Gates upon a matter of high moment to 
both Armies. He requefts to be informed at 
what hour Gen. Gates will receive him tomorrow 
morning. 

M: General Gates. 



Major General Gates will receive a Field Officer 
from Lt. General Burgoyne at the advanced polf of 
the Army of the United States, at ten o'clock to- 
morrow morning ; from whence he will be con- 
duced to Head Quarters. 

Lt. Gen. Burgoyne. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 133 

No. 2. 

Major Kingfton delivered the following Meflage 
to M. General Gates, Od:ober 14th, from Lt. Gen. 
Burgoyne. 

After having fought you twice, Lieut. Genl. 
Burgoyne has waited fome days in his prefent por- 
tion, determined to try a third conflict againfl; any 
force you could bring to attack him. 

He is apprized of the fuperiority of your num- 
bers, and the difpofition of your troops to impede 
his fupplies, and render his retreat a fcene of Car- 
nage on both lides. In this fituation he is impelled 
by humanity, and thinks himfelf juftified by eftab- 
liflied principles and precedents ot ftate and war to 
fpare the lives of brave men upon honourable terms. 
Should Major Genl. Gates be inclined to treat 
upon that idea. General Burgoyne would propofe a 
ceffation of arms during the time neceffary to com- 
municate the preliminary terms by which in any 
extremity he and his Army mean to abide. 

No. 3. 
In anfwer to the Meffage by Major Kingfton, 
Major General Gates delivered the following 
Terms : 

I. General Burgoyne's Army 
being exceedingly reduced by 
repeated defeats, by Defertion, 
Sicknefs, &c., their Provilions 
exhaufted, their Military Stores, 



134 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Tents and Baggage taken or de- 
ftroyed, their retreat cut off and 
their Camp inverted, they can 
only be allowed to furrender pri- 
foners of war. 

2. The Officers and Soldiers 
may keep the Baggage belonging 
to them ; the Generals of the 
United States never permit Indi- 
viduals to be pillaged. 

3. The Troops under his Ex- 
cellency Gen. Burgoyne will be 
conducted by the mofl convenient 
Route to New England, march- 
ing by eafy marches, and fuffi- 
ciently provided for by the Way. 

4. The Officers will be admit- 
ted on Parole, may* wear their 
fide Arms, and will be treated 
with the Liberality cuftomary in 
Europe, fo long as they by proper 
behaviour continue to deferve it ; 
but thofe who are apprehended 
having broken their Parole (as 
fome Britifh Officers have done) 
muft expedl to be clofe confined. 

5. All Publick Stores, Artillery, 
Arms, Ammunition, Carriages, 
Horfes, &c. &c. mufl be delivered 



Anfwer. 
Lieut. General Bur- 
goyne's Army, however 
reduced, will never ad- 
mit that their retreat is 
cut off while they have 
Arms in their hands. 



This Article is an- 
fwered by Gen. Bur- 
goyne's firft propofal, 
which is here annexed. 



There being no Offi- 
cer in this Army under, 
or capable of being 
under the defcription of 
brealdng his Parole, 
this Article needs no 
anfwer. 



All Publick Stores 
may be delivered. Arms 
excepted. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 135 



to CommifTaries appointed to re- 
ceive them. 

6. Thefe Terms being agreed 
to and figned, the Troops under 
his Excellency General Burgoyne's 
Command, may be drawn up in 
their Encampments, where they 
will be ordered to Ground their 
Arms, and may thereupon be 
marched to the River fide to be 
palTed over in their way towards 
Bennington. 

7. A Ceflation of Arms to con- 
tinue till funfett to receive General 
Burgoyne's Anfwer. 

Signed, 

Horatio Gates. 
Camp at Saratoga, 
Odt. 14th, 1777. 



This Article inad- 
miflible in any Extre- 
mity ; fooner than this 
Army will confent to 
ground their Arms in 
their Encampment, they 
will rufh on the Enemy, 
determined to take no 
Quarters. 



No. 4. 

Major Kingfton met the Adjutant General of 
Major General Gates's Army Oftober 14th, at Sun 
Sett, with General Burgoyne's Anlwer, and deliv- 
ered the following MefTage. 

If General Gates does not mean to recede from 
the 6th Article, the Treaty ends at once. 

The Army will to a man proceed to any Ad: of 
Defperation rather than fubmit to that Article. 



136 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Then delivered the Preliminary Articles from 
Lieutenant General Burgoyne and the Army under 
his Command. 

The Ceffation of Arms ends this Evening. 

No. 5. 

Anfwers being given to Major General Gates's 
Propolals, it remains tor Lt. General Burgoyne and 
the Army under his Command to ftate the follow- 
ing preliminary Articles on their part. 

I. The Troops to march out Jnfiver. 

- - - - The Troops to march 

oiU of their Camp with 
the Honours of War, 
and the Artillery of the 
Intrenchments to the 
Varge of the River 
where the old Fort 
Hood, where the Arms 
and the Artillery mull 
be left. 



of their Camp with the Honours 
of War, and the Artillery of the 
Intrenchments, which will be left 
as hereafter may be regulated. 



2. A free paffage to be granted 
to this Army to Great Britain, 
upon condition of not ferving in 
North America during the prefent 
Conteft ; and a proper port to be 
affigned for the entry of Tranf- 
ports to receive the Troops when- 
ever Gen. Howe fhall io order. 

3. Should any Cartel take place, 
by which this Army or any part 
of.it may be exchanged, the fore- 
going Article to be void fo far as 
fuch Exchange fliall be made. 



Agreed to for the 
Port of Bofton. 



Agreed. 



Biirgoy?tes Orderly Book. 137 



4. All Officers to retain their 
Carriages, Bat Horfes and other 
Cattle, and no Baggage to be 
molefted or fearched, the Lt. 
General giving his Honour that 
there are no Publick Stores fe- 
creted therein. Maj. General 
Gates will of courfe take the ne- 
ceffary meafures for the fecurity 
of this Article. 

5. Upon the march the Offi- 
cers are not to be feparated from 
their men, and in Quarters the 
Officers fhall be lodged according 
to Rank, and are not to be hin- 
dered from affembling their men 
for Roll -calling, and other necef- 
fary purpoies of Regularity. 

6. There are various Corps in 
this Army, compofed of Sailors, 
Batteauxmen, Artificers, Drivers, 
Independent Companies, and Fol- 
lowers of the Army, and it is 
expefted that thefe Perfons, of 
•whatever Country, fhall be in- 
cluded in the fulleft fenfe and 
utmoft Extent of the above Arti- 
cles, and comprehended in every 
refpedl as Britifli Subjedls. 



Agreed. 



Agreed to as far as 
circumftances will ad- 



Agreed to in the full- 
eft extent. 



Agreed, 



Agreed. 



138 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

7. All Canadians and Perlons 
belonging to the Eftablidiment in 
Canada to be permitted to return 
there. 

8. Paflports to be immediately 
granted to three Officers not ex- 
ceeding the Rank of Captain, who 
fhall be appointed by Gen. Bur- 
goyne to carry delpatches to Sir 
William Howe, Sir Guy Carleton, 
and to Great Britain by the way 
of New York, and the publick 
faith to be engaged that thefe de- 
fpatches are not to be opened. 

9. The foregoing Articles are 
to be confidered only as prelimi- 
naries for framing a Treaty, in the 
Courfe of wJiich others may arife 
to be confidered by both parties, 
for which purpofe it is propofed 
that two Officers of each Army 
fliall meet, and report their de- 
liberations to their refpedive 
Generals. 

10. Lieut. General Burgoyne 
will fend his Deputy Adjutant 
General to receive Major General 
Gates's Anfwer tomorrow morn- 
ing at ten o'clock. 



This Capitulation is 
to be finiflicd by two 
o'cloclc this Day, and 
the Troops march from 
their Encampments at 
five, and be in readinefs 
to move towards Bof- 
ton tomorrow morning. 



Complycd with. 



Signed 

Horatio Gates. 
Saratoga, 15 th Oft. 
1777- 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 139 

No. 6. 

The eight firfl: Preliminary Articles of Lieutenant 
General Burgoyne's Propofals, and the fecond, third 
and fourth of thofe of Major General Gates of yefter- 
day being agreed to, the foundation of the propofed 
Treaty is out of Difpute, but the feveral Subordi- 
nate Articles and Regulations necelTarily fpringing 
from thofe Preliminaries, and requiring Explana- 
tion and precilion between the parties before a 
Definitive Treaty can be fafely executed, a longer 
Time than that mentioned by General Gates in his 
anfwer to the 9th Article becomes indifpenfably 
neceflary. Lieutenant General Burgoyne is willing 
to appoint two Officers immediately to meet two 
others from Major General Gates, to propound, 
difcufs and fettle thofe Subordinate Articles, in order 
that the Treaty in due form may be executed as 
foon as poffible. 

Signed 

John Burgoyne. 

Camp at Saratoga, 15th Oft. 1777. 

Major Kingflon' has Authority to fettle the place 
for the meeting of the Officers propofed. 

1 Robert Kingston entered the i6ih Light Dragoons, then com- 

Army 3d September, 1756, as En- manded by Lt. Col. John Burgoyne, 

fign in the i ith Foot and was pro- and was appointed Captain in the 

moted to a lieutenancy in that Corps Army 27th April, 1761, and be- 

26th January, 1758. In the fol- came Major 15th July, 1768. He 

lowing year he exchanged into the went on half" pay in the fore part 



140 Burgoynes Orderly Book, 

This was, after fonie converfation, agreed to by 
Major General Gates. 



°f '^ll'!)< ■*"'! in April, 1776, was 
appointed to the command of the 
Irilh InvaHds, who were then called 
in adlive fervice. He accompanied 
this expedition as Adjutant General 
and Military Secretary to General 
Burgoync and was promoted to be 
Lieutenant Colonel in the Army 
29th Augurt, 1777. Gen. Wilkin- 
fon gives the following particulars of 
fome of the incidents connefted with 
the negotiations which were carried 
on between Gates and Burgoyne at 
this time. After the former con- 
fented to receive a Field Officer, I 
aflccd him, fays Wilkinfon, whether 
he had not condefcendcd improperly 
in agreeing to receive the deputy of 
his advcrfary at his head quarters, 
within his guards, and between the 
lines of his army } After a minute's 
reflexion he replied, " You are 
"right, young man ; I was hafty ; 
" but what's to be done V " I will 
" meet the flag," faid I, " and en- 
"deavour to draw the meflage from 
" the officer ; but if he claims your 
" engagement, he muft be admitted." 
"Agreed," faid he, "dofo;"and 
at the hour appointed I repaired to 
the advanced port, accompanied by 
Mr. Henry Livingfton, of the Upper 
Manor on the Hudlbn's river. The 
bridge acrofs the Fifli-kill had been 
deftroyed, but the fleepers remained. 
We did not wait many minutes be- 
fore the chamade was beat at the 
advanced guard of the enemy, and 
an officer defcending the hill, Hepped 



acrofs the creek on one of the fleep- 
ers ot the late bridge ; it was 
" Major Kingrton, with a Meflage 
" trom Lieutenant-general Burgoyne 
" to Major-general Gates." I named 
to him " Col. Wilkinfon, on the 
" part ot General Gates, to receive 
" the meflage." He paufed a mo- 
ment, pulled out a paper, looked at 
it, and obferved, " My orders diredl 
" me to Major-general Gates." 
" It is to fave time and trouble that 
" I am authorifed to receive the 
" meflage you bear." He then took 
General Gates's note to General 
Burgoyne from his pocket, read it, 
and faid, " General Gates has agreed 
" to receive the meflage, and I am 
" not authorized to deliver it to any 
" other perfon." " Well then, Sir, 
" You mufl; fubmit to be hood- 
" winked." He afFeifled to ftart at 
the propofuion, and objeftcd, on the 
ground of its being an indignity : I 
could but fmile at the expreflion, 
and obferved, that " I had under- 
" Hood there was nothing more com- 
" mon than to blindfold military 
" mcflengcrs, when they were ad- 
" mitted within the walls of a place, 
" or the guards of a camp." He 
replied, " Well, Sir, 1 will fubmit 
" to it, but under the exprefs ftipu- 
" lation, that no indignity is intended 
" to the Britifli arms." I then 
carefully bound up his eyes with 
his own handkerchief; he took my 
arm, and in this way we walked 
upwards of a mile to head quarters. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 141 

Fixed by Major Kingfton to be upon the Ground 
where Mr. Schuyler's Houle flood. 



Major Kingllon appeared to be 
about forty ; he was a well formed, 
ruddy, handiome man, and expa- 
tiated with tafte and eloquence on 
the beautiful fcenery on the Hud- 
fon's river, and the charms of the 
fcaion : when I introduced him into 
General Gates's tent, and named 
him, the gentlemen faluted each 
other familiarly, with " General 
" Gates, your fervant," — " Ah ! 
"Kingfton, how do you do?" and 
a (hake of the hand. Being icated 
a few minutes, he arofeand obferved 
he had certain communications to 
make Major General Gates from 
Lieutenant General Burgoyne, and 
to guard againft inaccuracy of me- 
mory, he had committed them to 
paper, and with permiffion would 
read them. The General confented, 
and the Major took from his pocket 
and read : " The General from a 
" deal of bufinefs did not yellerday 
" anfwer your letter about the offi- 
" cers, but intended it. In regard 
" to the reproaches made upon this 
" army of burning the country, they 
" are unjuil ; General Schuyler's 
" houfe and adjacent buildings re- 
" niained protedled till General 
" Gates's troops approached the 
'' Ford, General Burgoyne avows 
" the order for fetting fire at that 
" time to every thing that covered 
" the movement. The barracks 
" particularly took fire by mere ac- 
" cident, and meafures were taken, 
" though ineffectual, to fave them. 



" If there has been any vindiftive 
" fpirit in burning other buildings 
" on the march, it has probably 
" been done by fome fecret well- 
" withers to the American caufe, as 
" General Burgoyne has been in- 
" formed that feme of the buildings 
" belonged to fuppofed fiiends of 
" the king. The General does not 
" think that General Gates has a 
" right, from any thing that has ap- 
" peared in his conduft or rcafoning, 
" to make ufe of the term trifling ; 
" and he ftill perfifts, that he cannot 
" interfere with the prifoners in 
" General Howe's army, and more 
" efpeciallv in a cafe that has been 
" under negociation between Gen. 
" Howe and General Walhington." 
He added that General Gates would 
perceive this was an anfwer to his 
letter of the i 2th, and that the other 
paper to which he claimed the 
General's attention was of a very 
different nature ; he then offered, 
[as printed under No. 2, p. 133.] 
So foon as he had finifhed, to my 
utter aftonifliment. General Gates 
put his hand to his fide pocket, 
pulled out a paper, and prefented it 
to Kingfton, obferving, " There, 
" Sir, are the Terms on which Gen. 
" Burgoyne muft furrender." The 
Major appeared thunderftruck, but 
read the paper, whilft the old chief 
furveyed him altenuvely through his 
fpeftacles. Having finiflied the 
perufal of the propofitions of Gen. 
Gates, Major Kingfton appeared 



142 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 



No. 7. 

In the coLirfe of the night Lieutenant General 
Burgoync has received intelligence that a confider- 



cxcccdingly mortified, and faid to 
the General, " I muft beg leave to 
" decline delivering this paper to 
" Lieutenant General Burgoync, be- 
" caufe, although I crnnoi prcfumc 
" to fpeak for him, I think the pro- 
" pofiiions it contains cannot be 
" fubmittcd to." The Genera! ob- 
fcrvcd he might be miftaken, and 
that there could be no impropriety 
in his delivering them. Kingllon 
rcqucded they might be fcnt by one 
of his own officers, which the 
General declined, and remarked, 
" that US he had brought the mef- 
" fage, he ought to take tack the 
" anj'wer ;" to which the Major 
rcluttantly confentcd, took leave, 
and I again fillcttcd him, and at his 
requeft condudled him to our ad- 
vanced guard. Very different was 
his converfation in returning: he 
complained of General Gates's pro- 
pofitions, to which I was ftill a per- 
fcdf Ilranger; talked of the pride 
and fpirit of his army, and called 
my recollcdlion to the feats per- 
formed by fix Britifi} regiments at 
the battle of Minden, I felt for his 
chagrin, and faid nothing to incrcafe 
it; and having pafled him beyond 
our guards, I haftciied back to head 
quarters. About funfet the fame 
day it was notified to me that a flag 
waited at the advanced guard, and 
I proceeded to receive it. I again 



met Major Kingllon, who prcfcnted 
another mcfKige from Lieutenant 
General Burgoync to Major General 
Gates, accompanied by the propo- 
fitionsof the latter, which had been 
tranfmittcd by Major Kingfton, and 
the anfwers of the former annexed, 
together with the preliminary arti- 
cles, propofed by Genera! Burgoync, 
which were fubftantially affented to 
by Genera! Gates. Burgoync made 
his own Convention, and faved his 
accoutrements, military clieft,' and 
colours,! all of which were retained 
notwithffanding Genera! Gates's 
letter to Congrcfs of the 3d De- 
cembcr, 1777, which was unwortliy 

1 f). What became of the reft of the 
money in the military cheft? A. It was 
taken by tiie paymafter-gcneral to Albany. 
Q. Did any part of it fall into the hands 
of the enemy ? A. Not a (hilling that 
I ever heard of.- — Examination of Cohncl 
Kln^flun hrfort the Houfc of Commons, 

2 General Riedcfel commanded that 
the colours rtiould not be furrendcrcd to 
the enemy with the arms, hut on the 
contrary that the ftafts rtiould be burnt 
and the flags carefully packed up j this 
was done as ordered, fo that each of the 
German regiments really kept polfelTion 
of their colours ; and the fame was no 
doubt the cafe with the Britirti corps, as 
the colours of the 6id regiment particu- 
larly were on the field the 19th Septem- 
ber, and three or four Enfigns were killed. 
—Mrmoirs of the Baroncji of Ricdtjel. 



Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 14.3 

able force has been detached from the Army under 
the Command of Major General Gates during the 
courfe of the Negociations of the Treaty depending 
between them. Lieutenant General Burgoyne 
conceives this, if true, to be not only a violation of 
the Ceflation of Arms, but fubvertive of the prin- 
ciples on w^hich the Treaty originated, viz^, a great 
fuperiority of numbers in General Gates's Army. 
Lieut. General Burgoyne therefore requires that 
ivfo Officers on his part be permitted to fee that 
the ftrength of the forces now oppoled to him is 
fucli as will convince him that no luch Detach- 
ments have been made, and that the fame principle 
of Superiority on which the Treaty firfl began fiill 
exirts. 

1 6th Oft. 1777. 

N. B. Lieut. Colonel Wilkinfon, Adjt. General 
to General Gates, came to Genl. Burgoyne, and 
declared upon his own and General Gates's word of 
honour, that no Detachment nor movement had 
been made fince the opening of the Treaty. 

of a foldier.i Capt. Kingfton re- 1779, he was appointed Lieutenant 

turned to England in 1778 and was Colonel of the S6th Foot, and in 

examined before a Committee of 1 780 of the 28th regiment ; became 

the Houfe of Commons relative to Colonel in the Army 20th Novem- 

this Expedition. In September, ber, 1782 ; Major General in 1793, 
and died in 1794. 
1 Wilkinfon's Memoirs, I., 299-304. 



144 Burgoynes Of^derly Book. 

No. 8. 

MelTage to Lieut. General Burgoyne from Major 
General Gates, Oft. i6th, 1777, by Colonel 
Wilkin fon. 

Major General Gates, in juftice to his own repu- 
tation, condefcends to allure your Excellency, that 
no violation of the Treaty has taken place on his 
part, lince the commencement of it. I have fur- 
ther to inform your Excellency that the requifition 
contained in your MefTage of this day is inadmiffi- 
ble ; and as it now remains with your Excellency 
to ratify or diflblve the Treaty, Major General 
Gates exped:s your immediate reply. 

Lieut. Gen. Burgoyne requefted time to lay the 
Meffage before his Council, which was granted, and 
the Treaty was iigned and exchanged in theEvening. 

/ Articles of Convent iofi betivee?! Lieutenant General 
Burgoyne and Major General Gates. 

ift. 
The Troops under Lieut. Genl. Burgoyne to 
march out of their Camp with the Honours of 
War, and the Artillery of the Intrenchments, to 
the Verge of the River, where the Old Eort flood ; 
where the Arms and Artillery are to be left. The 
Arms are to be piled by Word of Command of 
their own Officers. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 145 

2d. 

A free Paffage to be granted to the Army under 
Lieut. General Burgoyne, to Great Britain, on 
Condition of not ferving again in North America 
during the prefent Conteft ; and the Port of Bofton 
is affigned for the Entry of Tranfports to receive 
the Troops whenever General Howe fhall lo order. 

Should any Cartel take place by which the Army 
under General Burgoyne, or any part of it, may be 
exchanged, the foregoing Article to be void, as far 
as fuch exchange fhall be made. 

4th. 
The Army under Lieut. Genl. Burgoyne to 
march to MafTachufetts Bay by the eafieft, mofl 
expeditious and convenient Routes ; and to be 
quartered in, near, or as convenient as poflible, to 
Bofton, that the march of the Troops may not be 
delayed when Tranfports arrive to receive them. 

5th. 
The Troops to be fupplied on their March and 
during being in Quarters, with Provifions, by 
General Gates's Orders, at the fame Rate of Rations 
as the Troops of his own Army ; and if poflible, 
the Officer's Horfes and Cattle are to be fupplied 
with Forage at the ufual Rates. 
19 



14-6 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

6th. 

All Officers to retain their Carriages, Bat Horfes, 
and other Cattle, and no Baggage to be molefted 
nor fearched, Lieut. General Burgoyne giving his 
Honour that there are no public Stores lecreted 
therein. Major General Gates will of courfe take 
the neceflary Meafures for the due performance of 
this Article. Should any Carriages be wanted 
during the March for the Tranfportation of Officers' 
Baggage, they are if pollible to be fupplied by the 
Country at the ulual Rates. 

7th. 

Upon the March and during the Time the Army 
fliall remain in Quarters in the MaiTachufetts Bay, 
the Officers are not, as far as Circumftances will 
admit, to be feparated from their Men. The 
Officers are to be quartered according to Rank, 
and are not to be hindered from ailembling their 
Men for Roll- Callings, and other neceflary pur- 
pofes of Regularity. 

8th. 

All Corps whatever of General Burgoyne's Army, 
whether compofed of Sailors, Batteau Men, Artifi- 
cers, Drivers, Independent Companies and Follow- 
ers of the Army, of whatever Country, fliall be 
included in the fulleft Senfe, and utmofi Extent of 
the above Articles, and comprehended in every 
Refpedt as Britifh Subjedls. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 147 

9th. 
All Canadians and Perfons belonging to the 
Canadian Eftablidiment, confifting of Sailors, Bat- 
teau Men, Artificers, Drivers, Independent Com- 
panies, and many other Followers of the Army, 
who come under no particular Defcription, are to be 
permitted to return there ; they are to be conduced 
immediately by the lliorteft Route, to the firft 
Britilh Pofi on Lake George ; are to be fupplied 
with Provifions in the fame Manner as the other 
Troops, and arg to be bound by the fame condition 
of not ferving during the prefent Conteft in North 
America. 

loth. 
Paffports to be immediately granted tor three 
Officers not exceeding the Rank, of Captains, who 
fliall be appointed by Lieut. General Burgoyne to 
carry Difpatches to Sir William Howe, Sir Guy 
Carleton and to Great Britain, by the Way of New 
York ; and Major General Gates engages the pub- 
lick Faith, that the Defpatches fhall not be opened. 
Thefe Officers are to fet out immediately after 
receiving their Defpatches, and are to travel the 
fhorteft Route, and in the moft expeditious manner. 

nth. 
During the ftay of the Troops in MafTachufetts 
Bay, the Officers are to be admitted on Pairole, and 
are to be permitted to wear their Side Arms. 



148 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

1 2th. 
Should the Army under Lieutenant General Bur- 
goyne find it neceflary to fend for their Cloathing 
and other Baggage to Canada, they are to be per- 
mitted to do it in the mofl: convenient Manner, 
and the neceflary PafTports granted for that Purpofe. 

Thefe Articles are to be mutually figned and 
exchanged tomorrow Morning at 9 o'clock, and 
the Troops under Lieut. General Burgoyne are to 
march out of their Intrenchments at three o'clock 
in the Afternoon. 

Camp at Saratoga, i6th Oft. 1777. 
(Signed), 

Horatio Gates, 

Major General. 

To prevent any Doubts that might arife from 
Lieut. General Burgoyne's name not being men- 
tioned in the above Treaty, Major General Gates 
hereby Declares that he is underftood to be com- 
prehended in it as fully as if his name had been 
fpecifically mentioned. 
(Signed), 

Horatio Gates. 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 149 



No. 9. 

Letter from Capt. Craig^ to Col. Wilkinfon. 

Sir, 

Upon reporting the Proceedings of this 
evening to Lieut. General Burgoyne, I was happy 
to receive his approbation of and ready concurrence 



I James Henry Craig, of the 
Craigs of Dalnair and Colbirton, 
Scotland, was born in 1748 at 
Gibraltar, where his father held the 
appointment of civil and military 
judge. He entered the Army ill 
June, 1763, as Enfign in the 30th 
regiment, then in garrifon in that 
Fortrefs. In 1769 he was pro- 
moted to a lieutenancy, and in 1770 
was appointed Aid-de-Camp to 
General Sir Robert Boyd, then 
Governor of Gibraltar. In IVIarch, 
1 77 1, he obtained a company in 
the 47th regiment, with which he 
went to America in 1774. His 
company formed part of the re- 
inforcement fent by Gen. Gage to 
diflodge the Americans from their 
pofition on Bunker Hill, 1 7th June, 
1775, on which occafion he was 
feverely wounded. On the evacua- 
tion of Boifon, his regiment was 
ordered to Halitax and thence to 
Quebec, where it arrived on the 8th 
May, 1776. It was thence fent 
up the St. Lawrence and Captain 
Craig commanded his company in 
the adtion at Three Rivers, and the 
advanced guard of the Army in 
purfuit of the retreating Americans. 
In this campaign he was engaged in 



the battle of Hubbardton, when he 
was again feverely wounded, and 
received a third wound at the battle 
at Freeman's Farm, September 19th. 
At the clofe of the campaign Capt. 
Craig was one of the officers feledled 
to fettle the fubordinate Articles of 
the Treaty preparatory to the fur- 
render of Burgoy ne's Army. At his 
requcft, the Term Capitulation was 
changed to Convention. He was fent 
immedateiy after this with defpatches 
to England, and Government having 
refolved to raife ten new regiments, 
Capt. Craig was appointed Major of 
the Szd, 25th December, 1 777, and 
proceeded to Halifax in 1778. He 
was engaged in 1779 in the opera- 
tions on the Penobicot (Maine); 
was afterwards ordered to the South; 
and in I 78 1 was difpatched to take 
pofleffion of Wilmington, N. C, 
which he occupied until the Autumn, 
when, informed of the Surrender of 
Cornwallis, he abandoned the place 
and fled precipitately to Charlcllon. 
He became Lieutenant-Colonel of 
his regiment 3 I if December, 1 78 1; 
in 1783 was traniTerred to the i6th 
Foot, and was appointed Colonel 
in the Army 1 8th November, 1 790. 
In 1794 he obtained the rank of 



150 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

in every article that has been agreed on between us. 
It however appears upon a retrofpedt of the Treaty, 
that our zeal to compleat it expeditioufly has led us 
into the admiffion of a Term in the Title, very 
different from his meaning and that of the principle 
Officers of his Army, who have been confulted on 
this important occafion. We have. Sir, 



unguard- 



Major General, and in the beginning 
of the following year was fent on 
the expedition to the Cape of Good 
Hope, which having been reduced, 
he was appointed Governor of the 
Colony. In Auguft, 1795, he be- 
came Colonel ot the 46th regiment. 
He remained at the Cape until 1797, 
and as a reward for his fervices was 
made Knight of the Bath. Having 
returned to England he was ordered 
to India, in which country he fcrved 
five years. In January, 1801, he 
was promoted to the rank of Lieut. 
General, and in 1 802 returned to 
England, where he was put in com- 
mand of the Eaftern Dirtritt. In 
January, 1 804, he was appointed 
Colonel of the 86th Foot ; in 
1805 was fclcfted to command the 
Troops in the Mediterranean; pro- 
ceeded to Lilbon, Gibraltar, Malta, 
and thence to Naples, and after the 
battle of Aufterlitz withdrew to 
Sicily. He returned to England in 

1 806, and was appointed Colonel 
ot the 22d regiment. In Auguft, 

1807, he was appointed Governor 
in Chief of Britifli North America, 
with the local rank of General; but 
however qualified he might have 
been for a camp, his adminiftration 



of the affairs of Canada fhowed him 
altogether unfit for the duties of a 
civil governor. Weak, fufpicious, 
and hafty ; perhaps from ill health 
and a broken down conftitution ; 
he foon became the tool of a few 
rapacious, overbearing and irrefpon- 
fible officials; faw in every opponent 
of his policy a difaffedled rebel ; 
feized liberal prelTes and fupprefled 
oppofition newfpapers ; imprifoned 
editors, at and during, his pleafure, 
and employed fpies to difcover trea- 
fon in Canada and to foment and 
encourage it in the United States. 
After a troublefome adminiftration 
of four years he embarked for 
England on the 19th June, 181 1, 
thoroughly detefted by the people, 
and confcfiing, it is faid, on his 
departure, that among his pro- 
feffing friends he had experienced 
more deception and ingratitude in 
Canada than in the whole courfc of 
his life before coming to it. Sir 
James H. Craig did not long furvive 
his return to England. He died of 
dropfy in January, I 81 2, aged 62 
years. He had been nearly 50 
years in the Army, and during that 
time had not been a day on half 
pay. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 151 

edly called that a Treaty of Capitulation, which 
the Army means only as a Treaty of Convention ; 
with the lingle alteration of this word Lieut. Col. 
Sutherland and myfelf will meet you at the ftipu- 
lated time tomorrow morning, with the fair Copy 
ligned by General Burgoyne. 

I hope, Sir, you will excufe my troubling you fo 
late; but I thought it better than by any delay to 
prevent the fpeedy conclufion of a Treaty, which 
feems to be the wiih of both parties, and which 
may prevent the further effulion of blood between 
us. I beg your immediate anfwer. 
I am. Sir, 

Your obedient humble fervant, 

James Henry Craig, 

Capt. 47th Reg. 
Camp at Saratoga, 
1 3th Odl., 5 paft 1 o o'clock. 

Anfwer. 

Co]° Wilkinfon's Compliments to Capt. Craig; 
Major General Gates will admit the alteration. 



152 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

[Appended to the foregoing pages in another 
hand writing, faid to be that of Gov. CHnton, are 
the two following papers.] 

When General Burgoyne arrived at Bemifes 
Heights, he was received by Gen. Gates at the 
Head of the Continental Army, which was drawn 
up on that occalion. Gen. Gates advanced to re- 
ceive him, told him he was glad to fee him. Gen. 
Burgoyne replyd, I am not glad to fee you ; it is 
my Fortune, Sir, but not my Fault. Gen. Schuy- 
ler's Carriage was fent for, to receive and conduct 
Gen. Redfall, his wife and five children to Albany. 
Gen. Burgoyne and the reft of the Staff Officers 
were efcorted on Horfeback. They all dined at 
General Schuyler's. At Table General Gates 
drank the King of Great Britain's Health. Gen. 
Burgoyne in return thanked him, and in the next 
Glafs drank the Continental Congrefs. Gen. Bur- 
goyne obferved to Gen. Gates, he admired the 
Number, Drefs and Difcipline of his Army; but 
above all, the Decorum and Regularity that was 
obferved ; faid. Your Funds of Men are inexhauft- 
ible, like the Hydra's Head, when cut off", feven 
more fprang up in its ftead. 

When Gen. Burgoyne arrived in Albany, the 
Boys gathering round, cryed out, " Make Elbow 
Room there" — the Rejoycing Word. 




"S^SSfe 



MAJ GLN PHILIP SCHUYLER. 




i^na 



Burgoyne's Orderly Book. 153 



The Number of Prifofiers Surrejidered by Capitulation 
under the Command of Lt. General Burgoyne the 
I bth of OBober, i JJJ. 



Britifli Prifoners, 


2442 


Foreign do 


2198 


General Burgoyne and Staff Officers, 




including fix Members of Parliament, 


12 


Sent to Canada, 


1 100 


Sick and Wounded, 


598 



Total, ^350 

Prifoners before the Surrender, 400 

Deferters, 300 

Loft at Bennington, 1220 

Killed between the 17th Sept. | , 

and the i8th October, J °°° 

Taken at Ticonderoga, 413 

Killed at Gen. Herkimer's Battle, 300 

3233 

9583 
%o 



154- Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Ordnatice, Stores, &c. taken. 

6 Pieces of Cannon at Bennington. 
2 do and 4 Royals at Fort Schuyler. 
400 Set of Harnefs, a Number of Ammunition 
Waggons and Horfes. 
5000 Stand of Arms. 

37 Pieces of Brafs Cannon, Implements and 
Stores Compleat. 

The above is exclufive of Indians, Teamfters and 
Suttlers. 



APPENDIX. 



NAMES OF THE OFFICERS OF THE BRUNSWICK 
REGIMENTS IN THIS CAMPAIGN. 



M 



Staff. 

' AJOR General von Riedesel, (See Jupra, p. 103 J 

2. Captain Heinrich Dan. Gerlach, Quarter Mailer 
General; died 29th Sept., 1798, Lieutenant Colonel and 
Commander of the Artillery at Brunfwick. 

3. Captain Laurence O'Connel; was taken prifoner at Bennington; 
attained the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and died in 18 19, in Ireland, on 
half pay. 

4. Lieutenant Friedrich Christian Cleve, (See poft.) 

5. Paymaller General Johannes Conr. Godecke, died 25th Dec., 
1782, in America. 

T>ragoon Kegiment. 

1. Lieutenant Colonel Friedrich Baum, (See fiiprii, p. %z.) 

2. Major Just. Christoph von M/ibom ; was taken prifoner at Ben- 
nington, and died at Wolfenbuttel, 17 th Feb., 1804. 

3. Captain Carl von Schlagenteuffel ; was taken prifoner at Ben- 
nington; left the army in 1788. 



156 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

4. Captain Heinrich Christian Fricke; died a Major 3d July, 1808. 
at Konigflutter. 

5. Captain Carl Friedrich von Reinking ; killed in the battle of 
Bennington, 16th Aug., 1777. 

6. Captain Adolph von Schlagenteuffel ; retired from the fervicc 
with the rank of Major in 1783. 

7. Lieutenant Aug. Wilhelm Breva ; was taken prifoner at Ben- 
nington ; died i6th Aug., 1790, Chief Captain ('/'rt»/i//«rtOT^ of Invalids at 
Blankenburg. 

8. Lieutenant Otto Arnold von Sommerlatte; penfioned in 1783 
on account of blindnefs. 

9. Lieutenant Carl Friedrich von Reckrodt; taken prifoner at 
Bennington; deferted from Wolfenbuttel, 12th Aug., 1784. 

10. Lieutenant Friedrich Wilhelm Dietrich von Bothmer; was 
taken prifoner at Bennington; difcharged in 1783 with the rank of 
Captain. 

11. Lieutenant August Friedrich Heinrich Bornemann; retired in 
1788, and entered the Dutch fervice; died in India. 

12. Cornet August Ludwig Lucas Grjife ; was taken prifoner at 
Bennington; remained by permiflion in America in 1783; returned to 
Germany the following year, and died Governor of the Prince of Meck- 
lenburg-Strelitz. 

13. Cornet Johan Balthazar Stutzer ; was taken prifoner at Ben- 
nington ; was quartered at Springfield in 1788; died half- pay Lieutenant 
Colonel in Brunfwick, 2gth Nov., 1821. 

14. Cornet Johan Friedrich Schonewald ; was taken prifoner at 
Bennington; quartered at Weftminfter in 1788; died Lieutenant Colonel 
on half pay, in Brunfwick, 5th July, 1826. 

15. Chaplain Carl Melsheimer ; deferted nth May, 1779. 

16. Auditor Thomas; taken prifoner at Bennington; remained by 
permiffion in America in 1783. 

17. Surgeon Borbrodt; prifoner at Bennington ; penfioned in 1783. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 157 

Grenadier Regiment. 

1. Lieutenant Colonel Heinrich Christoph Breymann, (See p. Sz.J 

2. Captain Ernst August von Bartling ; taken prilbner at Bennington ; 
died Lieutenant Colonel in command of the regiment, at Maeftricht, jft 
Jan., 1793. 

3. Capt. Albrecht Daniel von LoHneysen ; died 2d May, 1820, at 
Nemlingen. 

4. Captain Gottlob Dietrich von Schick; killed at Bennington. 

5. Captain August Wilhelm von Hambach ; red red in 1783. 

6. Lieutenant Heinrich Wilhelm Uhlig ; became Captain in 1783. 

7. Lieutenant Theodor Friedrich Gebbard; was taken prifoner at 
Bennington; died Lieut. Col. at Brunfwick, 3d June, 18 10, on half pay. 

8. Lieutenant August Wilhelm Helmecke; difcharged in 1783. 

9. Lieutenant Christian Wilhelm Trott ; retired in 1783. 

10. Lieutenant Otto Heinrich Rudolphi ; died Lieutenant Colonel 
at Brunfwick, 3d June, 18 10. 

n. Lieutenant Gebbard Thedel Friedrich von Wallmoden ; died 
Major unattached at Alten- Wallmoden, 2d Sept., 1807. 

12. Lieutenant Ludwig Casimir von Muzell; attained the rank of 
Lieutenant Colonel, and died 28th July, 1814, Groom in Waiting to his 
Serene Highness Prince George of Brunfwick. 

13. Lieutenant Johann Andreas Meyer ; was taken at Bennington. 

14. Lieutenant Johann Jacob von Meyern; died 3d July, 1802, 
Chief Captain of the Company of Invalids at Blankenburg. 

15. Lieutenant Carl Franz d'Anniers; died prifoner at Bennington 
in 1777. 

16. Lieutenant Gottfried Jul. Winterschmidt ; deferted in 1779. 

17. Lieutenant Johann Caspar Balke; died in America in 1778. 

18. Surgeon Henkel; died in America in 1778. 

Prince Frederic's Regiment. 

I . Lieutenant Colonel Christian Julius PrIItorius ; died on half pay 
loth April, 1794, at Holzminden. 



158 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

2. Major Friedrich WiLHELM VON HiLLE ; attained the rank of Major 
General, and was appointed Commandant of Wolfenbuttel ; he died at 
Brunfwick, 29th April, 1805. 

3. Captain Adolph Lorenz Dietrich ; died Lieutenant Colonel at 
Wolfenbuttel, loth March, 1794. 

4. Captain Carl August Heinrich von Tunterfeld ; died Chamber- 
lain at Brunfwick, 4th June, 1802. 

5. Captain Jacob Christian Sander ; died Lieutenant Colonel at 
Wolfenbuttel, 14th March, 1799. 

6. Captain Friedrich Albrecht Rosenberg ; retired with the rank of 
Major in 1788. 

7. Capt. Georg Ernst von Zielberg ; died at Horter, 23d Feb., 1 797. 

8. Lieutenant Ernst Christian Schroder; died in 1783. 

9. Lieutenant Friedrich von dem Knesebeck ; retired from the fervicc 
in 1783. 

10. Lieutenant Friedrich Wilhelm Volckmar ; retired in 1783. 

11. Lieutenant Joh. Fried. Harz ; appointed Secretary of the Klos- 
terrath in 1787. 

1 2. Lieutenant Johann Gottfried Wolgart ; died Lieutenant Colonel 
at Wolfenbuttel, 2d Ofl., 1825. 

13. Lieutenant Gottl. Christ, von Reitzenstein ; remained by 
permiffion in America in 1783. 

14. Lieutenant Johann Friedrich Heinrich Burghoff ; was taken 
prifoner at Bennington, and died in America in 1780. 

15. Lieutenant August Wilhelm du Roi ; after a fervice of over 
fifty years, this officer, in a fit of melancholy, committed fuicide by 
drowning, on the 23d March, 1 814. At the time of his death he held 
the rank of Lieut. Colonel, and filled the office of Commiflary General. 

16. Lieutenant Christian Friedrich Wiesener ; retired in 1783. 

17. Lieutenant Edmund Victor von Konig ; remained in America by 
permiffion in 1783. 

18. Enfign Siegfr. Heinr. Lancerjahn ; remained in America by 
permiffion in 1783. 



Burgoynes Orderly Booh 159 

19. Enfign Carl Friedrich Christ, von Adelsheim ; deferted 1780. 

20. Enfign JoHANN Christian Sternberg ; died Commiirary of Pro- 
vifions at Wolfenbuttel, 1 6th Nov., 1799. 

21. Enfign Carl Wilhelm Reinerding ; died at Blankenburg, 14th 
March, 181 5. 

22. Enfign Friedrich Kolte ; remained in America by permiffion 
in 1783. 

23. Chaplain Friedrich August FiIcerer : difcharged Odl., 1779. 

24. Chaplain Friedrich Wilhelm Conrad Schrader ; was fent to 
America in April, 1779, with recruits, and died 19th Dec, 1792, Pallor 
of Beierftedt. 

25. Auditor Paul Gottfried Frans Wolpers ; died Regifter in Chan- 
cery at Wolfenbuttel, nth May, 1802. 

26. Surgeon Johan August Berndt; died 27th Feb., 1807, Town 
Surgeon at Holzminden. 

Regiment of Rhetz. 

1. Lieutenant Colonel Johan Gustav von Ehrenkrock; died the zzd 
March, 1783, at Three Rivers, in Canada, and was buried with military 
honors on the 27th of the fame month, in the garrifon burying ground of 
that town. 

2. Major Balthasar Bogislaus von Lucre. 

3. Captain Ludewig von Schlagenteuffel ; died in 1 783 at Calvorde. 

4. Captain Conrad Anton Alers; died at Brunfwick 17th Odlober, 
1810, Major unattached. 

5. Captain Georg Philip Arend ; died loth Dec, 1803, Lieutenant 
Colonel unattached. 

6. Captain Heinrich Urban Cleve ; died 2d Jan., 1808, at Salzgitter. 

7. Captain Wilhelm Ludwig Fredersdorff ; was wounded on the 
7th Oft., 1777, in the battle of Freeman's Farm, and died at Albany in 
the following year. 

8. Lieutenant George Bodemeyer; died a Captain at Maeftricht, 1 793. 



i6o Burgoyne s Orderly Book, 

9. Lieutenant Friedrich Julius von Papet ; died a Captain at Maes^ 
tricht 5th April, 1793. 

10. Lieutenant Curt von Hessler ; difchargcd in 1783 with the ranic 
of Captain. 

11. Lieutenant Friedrich Leopold Engelhard Meyer; died 6th 
Dec., 1802, Infpeftor of Excife at Scefen. 

12. Lieutenant Thedel Wilhelm Bielstein ; permitted to remain in 
America in 1783. 

13. Lieutenant Carl Friedrich Conradi ; difchargcd in 1783, and 
returned to America. 

14. Lieutenant Hans Philip Heinrich von Dobeneck ; died Captain 
in 1796, at Holzmindcn. 

15. Lieutenant Carl Ludwig Petersen; died 7th May, 1 814, at 
Meerdorf. 

16. Lieutenant Christian Heinrich Modrach ; died a Captain 18th 
Auguft, 1 803, at Bevern. 

17. Lieutenant Johann Ludwig von Unger ; died 2d May, 1805, at 
Salzliebenhalle. 

18. Lieutenant Friedrich Wilhelm Feichel ; died Captain at Bruns- 
wicic, 29th May, 1794. 

19. Enfign Friedrich Bandel ; deferted his regiment in 1779. 

20. Enfign Bernhard Erich ; difchargcd in 1783. 

21. Enfign JoHAN Friedrich Bode; died 19th Sept., 1783, at Stade, 
on his return from America. 

22. Enfign Johan Heinrich Godecke ; tranlTerred to a regiment of 
the line (land-regimente) in 1783. 

23. Chaplain Christian Timotheus Togel ; died ift Oft., 1797, 
Partor of Great TwiJipftedt. 

24. Auditor Schmidt; tranfferred to Riedefel's regiment in 1783. 

25. Surgeon Johann Friedrich Schrader; died i6th Dec, 1804, at 
Brunfwick. 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. i6i 

Riedefel's Regiment. 

1 . Lieutenant Colonel Ernst Ludewig Wilhelm von Speth ; taken 
prifoncr 7th Oft., 1777,31 Freeman's Farm; died Z7th Oft., 1800, 
Major General and Commandant at Wolfenbuttel. 

2. Major Otto Carl Anton von Mengen ; died Lieutenant Colonel 
unattached, at Luneburg, i8th May, 1797. 

3. Captain Julius Ludwig August von Pollnitz'; died 29th March, 
1805, Major General and Commandant at Wolfenbuttel. 

4. Captain Carl Friedrich Morgenstern ; difcharged with the rank 
of Major. 

5. Captain Carl Friedrich von Bartling; died in 1783 at Muniler, 
on the march from America to Brunfwick. 

6. Captain Gottlieb Benjamin Harbord ; died a Captain on half pay. 

7. Captain Ernst Heinrich Wilhelm von Girsewald; died Major 
General at Brunfwick, l6th Jan., 1818. 

8. Lieutenant Wilhelm Hoyer ; died in America in 1782. 

9. Lieutenant Johan Carl Morgenstern ; died a Captain at Bruns- 
wick, 8th Dec, 1787. 

10. Lieutenant Friedrich Carl Reinking ; died a Captain. 

11. Lieutenant Ludwig Traugott VON Bubcdorff; difcharged in 1786. 

12. Lieutenant August Theodor Gottfried Woloart ; died a 
Major at Brunfwick, 4th March, i8zi. 

13. Lieut. Heinrich Julius Freyenhagen; died in America in 1777, 

14. Lieutenant Christian Theodor von Pincier ; difcharged in 
1784, and returned to America. 

15. Lieutenant Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Cramm ; died a 
Captain at Maeftricht, 3d Feb., 1794. 

16. Lieut. Ludwig Gottlieb VON Meyern ; died in America in 1 78 1. 

17. Enfign Ernst Christian Heinrich Brander ; difcharged, 1786. 

18. Enfign Ludwig Unverzagt; died in America in 1776. 

19. Enfign Carl Christoph von M^'ibom ; died 26th April, 1794, 
on the return march from Maeftricht to Holzminden. 



1 62 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

20. Enfign Raymond Gottlieb Heberlin ; taken prifoner at Freeman's 
Farm, 7th Oft., \'7T! ; died a Captain 6th Oft., 1796, at Helmftedt. 

2 1 . Enfign Carl Conrad Andree ; taken prifoner at Bennington ; 
died Lieutenant in a regiment of the line. 

22. Enfign Friedrich Ludwig Denecke ; was taken prifoner at Ben- 
nington, 16th Aug., 1777; and refided at Weftminfter in Jan., 1778, 

23. Enfign Heinrich Friedrich von Forstner ; difcharged in 1794. 

24. Chaplain Johann August Milius; died 17th January, 1 819, 
Paftor of Salder. 

25. General Staff Auditor Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Zinken ; died 
3d Aug., 1806, Judge at Seefen. 

26. Surgeon Pralle; died at Jcrrhcim. 

Specht's Regiment. 

1. Colonel Johann Friedrich Specht; died 24th June, 1787, at 
Brunfwick. 

2. Major Carl Friedrich VON Ehrenkrock ; died 17th July, 1797, at 
Brunfwick. 

3. Captain Leopold Franz Friedrich Balthazar von Plessen ; died 
6th Feb., 1 808, at Ganderfheim. 

4. Captain Aug. Conr. von Lutzow ; died Colonel, 26th Nov. 1799, 
at Brunfwick. 

5. Captain Bernh. Rich. VON Dahlstirna ; wounded on the 7th Oft., 
1777, in the battle at Freeman's Farm, and died the year following at 
Albany. 

6. Captain George von Schlagenteuffel ; died 15th Aug., 1818, 
Upper Bailiff at Schoppenlfedt. 

7. Captain Heinrich Jager; died in 1782, in America. 

8. Lieutenant Johann Heinrich Meyer; died 23d Oft., 1800, Pofl- 
mafler at Helmffedt. 

9. Lieutenant Daniel Arnold Hertel ; died ift Aug., 1799, at 
Konigflutter. 



Biirgoyne s Orderly Book. 163 

10. Lieutenant August Wilhelm von Papet ; died Colonel at Bruns- 
wick, 2 5 til July, 1 808. 

11. Lieut. Heinrich Anton David Dove; died in 1780 in America. 

12. Lieutenant Christian Friedrich von Milkau; difcharged, 1783. 

13. Lieutenant Friedrich Ernst Oldekopf; appointed Secretary of 
the poll department in 1784, and died in that office. 

14. Lieutenant Heinrich Daniel de .Anniers; difcharged in 1783. 

15. Lieutenant Johann Friedrich Julius Kellner ; died 30th Nov., 
1 808, Commiflary at Brunfwick. 

16. Lieutenant Anton Adolph Heinrich du Roi ; died Lieutenant 
Colonel at Brunfwick, 19th Aug., 1823. 

17. Lieutenant Friedrich Bodo von Unger ; died CounfcUor at 
Salzgitter, nth Nov., 1819. 

18. Enfign Johann Heinrich Carl von Bernewitz ; died Lieutenant 
General and Commandant at Brunfwick, 13th D'cc, 1821. 

19. Eufign Friedrich von Redeken ; died in 1777, in America. 

20. Enfign Johann Edmund Fromme ; died Major at Wolfcnbuttel, 
8th May, 1822. 

21. Enfign Samuel Jacob Anton von Ulmenstein ; died Lieutenant 
9th July, 1793. 

22. Enfign Grimpe ; died at Brunfwick. 

23. Chaplain Kohle. 

24. Chaplain Munchhoff. 

25. Auditor Behr. 

26. Surgeon Johann Carl Bause ; died General Staff Phyfician unat- 
tached, at Brunfwick, 15th Dec, 1814. 

Rifle (Jagerj Regiment. 
I. Major Ferdinand Albr. von Barker; died Colonel, 2d Oft., 1797. 
z. Captain Georg Ludewic TnoMa ; died Captain at Woltenbuttel, 
loth Jan., 1800. 

3. Captain Carl von Geyso ; taken prifoner at Freeman's Farm ; at 
Rutland in 1778; difcharged in 1783, with the rank of Major. 

4. Captain August Friedrich Dommes ; taken prifoner at Bennington ; 
died Chief Commiflary at Blankenburg, 6th Jan., 1 802. 



164 Burgoyne s Orderly' Book. 

5. Captain Maximilian Christoph Ludwig Schottelius ; died Poft- 
mafter at Holzminden, 3d Dec, 1807. 

6. Captain Gottlieb Joachim von Gliessenberg ; taken prifoner at 
Freeman's Farm, in 1777; in Albany in 1778; died Colonel and 
Commandant at Wolfenbuttel, 20th Feb., 1801. 

7. Lieutenant Johann Caspar Hahnemann j died Forefi: Raftg^r. 

8. Lieutenant Philip Sigismund Cruse ; died Captain in the line. 
g. Lieutenant Johann Gottfried Kotte; died at Quebec in 1776. 

10. Lieutenant Albrecht Christian Raee ; died at Konigflutter, 1 8th 

oa., 1806. 

1 1. Lieutenant Johann Gottlieb von Gladen ; died Major at Wolf- 
enbuttel, 14th Dec, 1827. 

. 12. Lieutenant Carl Anton Ludwig Muhlenfeldt; killed at the 
battle of Bennington. 

13. Lieutenant Johann Friedrich Pfluger ; died in America, 1777. 

14. Lieutenant Andreas Meyer; died at the Ducal Caftle at Salz- 
dahlum, 7th Dec, 1795. 

15. Lieutenant Georc Friedrich Gebhard Fricke; died Poftmaller 
atGoflar, 19th Nov., 1807. 

16. Lieutenant Johann Andreas Bode; killed at the battle of Free- 
man's Farm, 7th Oft., 1777. 

17. Lieutenant Caspar Friedrich Rohr ; difcharged in 1783. 

18. Enfign WiLHELM Lucas Rhenius ; died at Drangftedt 30th Sept., 
•1783, on the march from America to Brunfwick. 

19. Enfign Johann Jul. Anton Specht j taken prifoner at Bennington ; 
remained by permiffion in America in 1783. 

20. Enfign Johann von Begert; drowned in America in 1777. 

21. Enfign Georg Leopold Hegemann ; killed at the battle of Ben- 
nington. 

22. Enfign Ernst August Count von Rantzau ; taken prifoner at 
Freeman's Farm; drowned in the Schuylkill. 

23. Surgeon Kunze ; died on half pay. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 165 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

Note, Page 28. Brigade Major Cleve. 

FREDERICK Christian Cleve was the youngeft fon of the 
Chamberlain of the Court of Brunfwick, in which city he was 
born in 1739. In the year 1759, he entered the fcrvice as 
Corporal in the Regiment of Imhof, in which corps two of his brothers 
held commiflions. On the 7th May, 1759, ^^ "'^^ promoted to an 
Enfigncy, and on the i8th Sept., 1761, was appointed Lieutenant. At 
the end of the war he was difchargcd. On the breaking out of the 
American war he was appointed Adjutant in Gen. Riedefel's ftafF, with 
the rank of Lieutenant, and on returning to his native country in 1783, 
was promoted to a Company in Riedefel's newly organized regiment of 
Infantry. On Z3d Dec, 1788, he was appointed Major and ferved in 
Holland until 1794. On the return of his regiment to Brunfwick, he 
was placed at the head of the Mihtaiy Academy; on 22d Dec, 1798, 
advanced to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and on 28th April, 1801, 
to that of Colonel. He took an aftive part in organizing the Weftphalian 
army, and in 1817 was appointed Major General. Full of years, and 
with the character of a moral and religious Soldier, he died on the 6th of 
January, 1836, in the 88th year of his age. 

Page 22. Major Irwing. 

PAULUS ^MiLius Irving was born at Waterford, Ireland, Auguft 
30th, 1751 ; he was the only fon of Lieutenant Colonel Irving, of 
Woodhoufe, County of Dumfries, Scotland, Governor of Upnor Caftle, 
and at one time Prefident of the Council in Quebec. He was appointed 
to a Lieutenancy in the 47th regiment, on the 15th June, 1764, and ob- 
tained his company 29th October, 1768 ; came to America in 1774, and 
on 31ft March, 1775, became Major of his regiment. According to 
Phihppart, he was in the battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill, and in 



1 66 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

Bofton during the blockade. On the evacuation of that city, he accom- 
panied his regiment to Quebec, was at the affair of Three Rivers in June, 
1776, and followed the Americans to Ticonderoga. At the clofe of 
Burgoyne's campaign. Major Irving fhared the fate of the reft of the army. 
He remained a prifoner three years; towards the clofe of 1780 he ob- 
tained the brevet rank of .Lieutenant Colonel, and became Lieutenant 
Colonel of his regiment 3d Auguft, 1781, when he returned to England, 
and in 1786 married Lady Elizabeth St. Lawrence, fecond daughter of 
the firft Earl of Howth. In 1 790 he went to the Bahamas, became 
Major General in 1794, and joined Sir John Vaughan's army in the Weft 
Indies in 1 795. On the death of that officer that year, Major General 
Irving fucceeded to the chief command of the army in thofe parts. In 
September he went to St. Vincents, and on 2d October achieved a de- 
cifive viftory over the French at St. Vigie, for which he received the 
thanks of the king. He returned to England at the clofe of 1795, and 
in 1 80 1, was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General, became 
Colonel of the 6th Veteran Battalion in 1 802 ; and was raifed to the 
dignity of a Baronet in 1809. In 1812 he reached the rank of General, 
and died at Carhfle in 1828, aged 76 years. Some writers confound 
this officer with his father, in confequence of both having the fame 



name. 



Page 23. Lieutenant Beecroft. 

RICHARD Beecroft entered the 24th regiment of Foot as Enfign 
in 1 76 1; was promoted to a Lieutenancy in February, 1766. 
When theAmericans attacked Ticonderoga in September, 1777, Lieut. 
Beecroft was ftationed with fome troops on Mount Independence, where 
he greatly diftinguifhed him.felf, and in confequence obtained a company 
in Odlober following; in 1781 he exchanged, or was tranfferred, to the 
loift regiment. This regiment being difbanded in 1785, Capt. Beecroft 
went on halfpay and fo remained until 1 796, when his name difappears 
from the Army Lift. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 167 

Page 38. Lord Viscount Peterborough. 

CHARLES Stanhope, Vifcount Petersham, eldeft fon of William 
2d Earl of Harrington, was born on 17th March, 1753. He 
entered the Army as Enlign in the Coldftream Guards in the feventeenth 
year of his age, and at the age of twenty, received a Captain's commiiTion 
in the zgth Foot. Having been ordered to Canada, his lordfliip arrived 
at Quebec on the 6th May, 1776, and had the honor to command the 
detachment which relieved that city, then beficgcd by the Americans. 
On accompanying the expedition under Gen. Burgoyne, Lord Peterlham 
was appointed to the Grenadier company, which he commanded at the 
batde of Hubbardton, Vt., on the 7th July, 1777. A few days after, 
he was appomted fupernumerary Aid-de-Camp to Gen. Burgoyne, and in 
that capacity ferved in the engagements of the 19th of September, and 
7th of Oftober, and attended the funeral of Brig. Gen. Frazer, who was 
killed on the laft menuoned day. On the 17th of Oftober his lordfliip 
was one of the officers that attended Gen. Burgoyne on occafion of his 
furrender as prifoner of war to Major General Gates, after which, being 
feiefted to carry General B.'s defpatches to London, he went to Albany, 
thence to New York, and embarked for England where he exchanged 
into the 3d Foot Guards, whereby he attained the rank of Colonel in 
the Army, l6th January, 1778. He fucceeded to the dtle of Earl of 
Harrington on the death of his father, ift April, 1779; on the 23d 
May following he married Jane, daughter of Sir John Fleming, Bart., 
and on the ift June was examined before the Committee of the Houfe of 
Commons on Burgoyne's expedition. In 1780, he was appointed Lieut. 
Colonel of the 85th Foot, and then ferved two years in the Weft Indies. 
In 1782 he received the brevet rank of Colonel, and became Colonel of 
the 65th Foot in March 1783. He was appointed to the command of 
the 29th regiment in January 17S8, and of the ift regiment of Life 
Guards on the 5lh December, 1792 ; was advanced to the rank of Major 
General the following year, and of Lieut. General in 1798, after which 
his lordfliip was fometime employed on the ftafF in Great Britain and ferved 



1 68 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

alfo in Ireland. Having attained the rank of General in the Army; been 
Governor and Conftable of Windfor Caftle, and having been honored 
with the Grand Crofs of the Bath, his lordlhip died on the 5 th Sept., 
1 829, in the 67th year of his age. 



Page 72. Baron Salans. 

LEXANDER Salans entered the 9th regiment as Enfign 2d Sep- 
tember, 1776. He returned to England after this campaign, and 
in 1780 was appointed Captain in the 85th, a newly raifed regiment, of 
which Lord Harrington ( Jiipra, p. 76) was Colonel. This corps was 
dilbanded in 1783, when Baron Salans's name difappears from the army lift. 

Page 149. Colonel Wilkinson. 

JAMES Wilkinson was born in Maryland, in 1757, and at the age 
of 17, entered the Medical School of Philadelphia. After pafling 
through the requilite ftudies he returned to his native place to pradlice his 
profeflion. On the breaking out of the Revolution, he joined, as a Volun- 
teer, Col. Thompfon's company of Rifles, then at the camp before Bos- 
ton, and in September, 1775, was commiffioned Captain in Read's New 
Hampfhire regiment. He joined this corps in 1776, but was foon after 
ordered to Canada, and joined General Arnold at Lachine, 22d May of 
that year, but was obliged to quit that Province with the remains of the 
American army, and return to Ticonderoga, where he was appointed 
Major of Brigade. In confequence of an attack of fever, he had to be 
removed to Albany, and in January, 1777, was commiffioned Lieutenant 
Colonel in a newly raifed regiment, commanded by Colonel Gueft, but 
was fhortly after tranfferred to Hardey's regiment, and proceeded to 
Maryland to recruit. On General Gates being appointed to the com- 
mand of the Northern army. Lieutenant Colonel Wilkinfon left Hartley's 
regiment, and joined Gen. Gates's ftafF as Adjutant General, in which 
capacity he made the campaign of j 777. On the furrender of Burgoyne, 
Wilkinfon was fent with Gates's defpatches to Congrefs, and recommended 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 169 

for promotion ; but his progrefs was flow. He had halted on the way 
to pay his refpcfts to Mifs Biddle, to whom he was attached. When 
it was afterwards moved in Congrefs to prefent the meflenger with a 
fword, it was propofed by way of amendment, that he fliould be pre- 
fented with a pair of golden fpurs. He, however, received the brevet 
of Brigadier General, 6th of November, 1777, and returned to the 
North. In January, 1778, he was appointed Secretary of the Board of 
War, and proceeded in February to Pennfvh'ania. Here he quarrelled 
with and challenged Gates, in conlequence of fome mifiinderftanding, but 
the interference of friends prevented a hoftile meeting. General Wilkin- 
fon's promotion having given offence to a number of Colonels in the 
Continental Army, who felt flighted thereby, he threw up his brevet on the 
3d, and his Secretaryfliip on the 28th March, 1778; the latter in con- 
fequence of Gates being Prefident of the Board. The dominant influence 
of that ofiicer, and the feuds and intrigues in Congrefs and in the army, 
left him unemployed until the 29th July, 1779, when he received the 
appointment of Clothier General to the forces. After the peace. General 
Wilkinfon turned his attention to the Weftern country, and in February, 
1784, fettled at Lexington, Ky., as agent of a commercial company 
in Philadelphia. He foon engaged in politics, and in 1786 was eledled 
member of the Convention preparatory to the entrance of that territory 
into the Union. Hitherto no trade had been permitted between the 
Wefl:ern people and New Orleans, but General Wilkinfon conceived the 
idea of eftabUftiing a regular trade thither, and accordingly, in 1787 fent 
a cargo of tobacco, flour, butter and bacon down the Mifliflippi, which 
he fliortly followed, and by his perfonal influence, caufed the removal of 
thofe commercial barriers which had, up to that time, clofed that market 
to the Weftern trade. The troubles with the Indians now abforbed public 
attention, and meafures became neceflary for the proteflion of the fron- 
tier. In 1 79 1 an expedition againft the Wabafh Indians was, therefore, 
organized, of which Wilkinfon was chofen Colonel. His fervices on this 
occafion commended him to the Federal Government, and on 7th 
November of that year, he was appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the 2d 
22 



lyo Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

regiment of Infantry, and on 5th March, 1792, Brigadier General. 
He commanded the right wing of Wayne's army at the famous battle of 
the Maumee, 20th Auguft, 1 794, and diftinguifhed himfelf on that occa- 
fion. The Treaty of Greenville was fhortly after concluded, and put an 
end to the Indian wars on the Ohio. General Wilkinfon took advantage 
of this treaty to purchafe, in company with others, a large traft of land 
extending from the Little to the Great Miami, on part of which the town 
of Dayton, O., now Hands. In December, 1796, he became General in 
Chief of the army, with his head quarters at Pittfburg ; vilited Detroit and 
Michilimakinac in 1797, and in 1798, on the organization of the Terri- 
tory of Miffiffippi, eftabliihed his head quarters at Natchez, where he 
ercfted Fort Adams, fo called after the Prefident then in office. In the 
year following (1799) he was called to New York to aid the government 
with his advice in the then critical ftate of our foreign relations, but after 
his returning to Natchez, was engaged in 1801 in negotiations with the 
Indian tribes fouth of Tenneflee, and in determining the boundary between 
the Whites and the Chickafaws, Choftaws, &c. It was while thus em- 
ployed that he was nominated one of the Commiffioners for receiving 
polTeffion of Louifiana. He executed that commiffion December 20th, 
1803, and returned to New York in 1 804, after having been honored 
with a public dinner. In 1805, he was appointed Governor of the Ter- 
ritory of Louifiana, now comprifing the States of Arkanfas, Miflburi, &c. 
He reached St. Louis, the feat of the territorial government, in June, and 
adminiftered the affairs of the territory until the clofe of 1806. He was 
next employed in protefting the fouth-weftern frontier from invafion by 
the Spaniards, who had affembled a large body of troops on the eaftern 
boundary of Texas. On concluding that bufinefs, and making the re- 
quifite arrangements with the Spanifh authorities, he returned to New 
Orleans, where he was foon aftively engaged in breaking up the plans 
and projeft of Aaron Burr. General Wilkinfon's aftivity on that occa- 
fion, drew down on him the enmity of Burr's friends, and as a confe- 
quence, in December, 1 806, an inveftigation into his official conduft. 
This refulted in his favor, and the report having been approved. General 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 171 

W. was ordered (1808) to return to New Orleans to provide for the 
public defence, but having a fpecial miffion to the Havana, he did not 
reach Louifiana until 1 9th April, 1 809. He was fuperfcded in his com- 
mand in December following, and recalled to Wafhington, which he reached 
in April, 18 10. Another inveftigation into his conduft followed, and 
in July, I 81 1, he was tried by court martial on charges of having received 
bribes from, or having been in the pay of Spain, and for having connived 
at the defigns of Burr, &c. This trial occupied much time and confidera- 
ble public attention. It terminated at length, in December, by a verdift 
of not guilty, which was approved by the Prefident 14th February, 1812, 
and General Wilkinfon was once more ordered back to New Orleans, to 
refume his command. He reached that city on the 8th June; war with 
England was declared on the 18th, and he was commiffioned Brevet 
Major General loth July following, and Major General 2d March, 181 3. 
In April, 1 813, he reduced Mobile and fortified Mobile Point, afterwards 
called Fort Bowyer. He then returned to New Orleans, and in May 
was removed from the South and ordered to take command of the army 
on the Northern fronuer.^ 

The General did not win many laurels on that frontier, and at the 
clofe of the campaign, broken in health, he afked to be traniferred to 
fome other command. In February, 1814, the Secretary at War re- 
ported to the Prefident various charges againft him, and recommended 
that he be fuperfeded, and that a court of inquiry examine into his con- 
duft. He was accordingly ordered to refide either at Philadelphia, Balti- 
more or Annapolis, and meanwhile to confidcr himfclf under arreft. 
Towards the clofe of June he arrived at the city of Wafliington, then 
agitated by the approach of the Britifh under Gen. Rofs. Thereupon 
General Wilkinfon offered to take command of the militia and fave the 
city, if his arreft were fufpended and his fword temporarily reftored. 
The adminiftration took no notice of this offer, and he left the city on 
the 20th Auguft, and retired to Maryland. He renewed his offer in 

1 According to Allen's Biographical about this time a Mifs Trudeau, aged 
DiSionary, General Wilkinfon married 26 years. 



172 Burgoy?ie s Orderly Book. 

September, but with no better fuccefs. It was decided to bring him to 
trial. A court martial accordingly aflembled at Troy in January, 181 5, 
which terminated its labors March 21, by the honorable acquittal of the 
accufed on all and each of the charges the government had brought 
againft him. 

Peace having been concluded, Congrefs pafled an aft (May 181 5) 
to reduce the army. Upwards of eighteen hundred officers were dif- 
chargcd. General Wilkinfon was the principal one of thefe, notwith- 
Handing his forty years in the public fervice, and his recent honorable 
acquittal by the general court martial. He thereupon retired to Ger- 
mantown. Pa., where he employed himfelf in the compilation of his 
Memoirs, which were publifhed in 1 8 1 6, in 3 vols. 8vo, with an Atlas. 
In the beginning of that year, the General Aflembly of his native ftate 
pafled the following 

Joint Resolution No. 47, Dec. Session, 181 5. 

By the General AJfembly of Maryland. 

Pafled Jan. "^X THEREAS it appears to this General Afl"embly that 
26, 1816. y Y j^j^^j Wilkinfon, an Officer of the Revolutionary 
In favor of War, and who fervcd to its termination, did not receive the 
Ja^ Wilkin- Commutation money of five years pay, in lieu of halfpay for 
fon. life, promifed to the officers and foldiers who continued in 

fervice to the end of the war : Therefore 
Refohed, That the Treafurer of the Weftern Shore, be and he is 
hereby authorized and direfted to pay to the faid James Wilkinfon, yearly, 
in quarterly payments, during life, the halfpay of a Colonel of Dragoons, 
as remuneration for fervices rendered his country in the revolutionary 
ftruggle for hberty. (See vol. Laws, Dec. SeJJlon, 1815, p. 224.) 

He fubfequendy went to Mexico, and in Auguft, 1825, obtained from the 
government of that country a grant of land in Texas. He derived no 
benefit, however, from that grant, for he was feized foon after, with an 
attack of diarrhoea, and died near the city of Mexico, on the z8th De- 
cember, 1825, aged 68 years. His body was brought to the houfe of 



Burgoyjte s Orderly Book. 173 

Mr. Poinfett, the American minilter, and his interment took place on the 
evening of the 30th, in the parifli of St. Miguel. As an old foldier of the 
Revolution, every effort was made to procure for him military honors, but 
thefe were peremptorily denied, on the plea that fuch honors were not 
even granted to Mexicans. He was followed to the grave by the moft 
diflinguiilied military and civU officers, and by all the refpeftable foreigners 
of the city. " Public opinion," fays Niles, in his Weekly Regifter, 
" has long been much divided as to the charafter of the deceafed. We 
" have thought that he was a man more finned againft than finning ; 
" though fome parts of his condudl rather appeared inexplicable. Let his 
" faults be buried with him, and the faft that he was a gallant Soldier of 
" the Revolution overfliadow his memory, and endear the recolledion 
" of all who reap the fruits of the exertions of thofe who gave themielvcs 
" up to their country when men's fouls were tried." 

Reminiscences of Gen. Wilkinson by James F. Watson, Esq. 

Germantown, Sept. 12, i860. 
Dr. E. B. O'Cai.laghan : 

Dear Sir — Our mutual friend, E. Armftrong, has defired me to 

write to you of my recoUeftions of General James Wilkinfon. I am 

happy to reply, and to manifeft my refpeft, perfonally, for yourfelf. 

General Wilkinfon was an elegant gentleman in perfon and manners. 
He was of medium fize, probably 5 feet 8 or 9 inches. I knew him 
firfl in years 1 800 to 1 804. He dwelt in the houfe next door to me, 
in the Six Buildings, in Wafhington city. He was fumptuous and hos- 
pitable in his living, not very nicely balancing his means and ends. He 
appeared much abroad with his Aid, both in fuU uniform, and generally 
on horfeback. His array was fplendid, he having gold ftirrups and fpurs, 
and gold leopard claws to his leopard faddle-cloth. . The buttons of his 
clothing were alfo gold. He had then two fens at college. One or both 
of them married and fettled at Natchez. The elder fon was tall and 
handfome. It feems to me as if one of them got in a duel there. 

I once faw Gen. W. walking Spruce street in Philadelphia, going, as I 
fuppofc, to a dinner; he in full uniform, having his hair toupeed and 



174- Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

powdered, and carrying his chapeau under his arm, and caring for no 
one's eyes or remarks. That fhould have been about the year 1 800. It 
was before hacks, &c. 

General Wilkinfon's firft wife was Mifs Biddle of Philadelphia, filler 
of Clement Biddle, very long known as a very aftive and efficient agent 
for merchants and captains operating at the cuftom houfe. He acquired 
money, and lived to 80 years of age. His fecond wife was a Creole of 
New Orleans. About the years 1804-5, I "'^'^ ^° '"^^ ^^'' ^"'^ ^^'^ ^^^^'^ 
very often. They were very handfome ; not deemed affluent ; lived on 
a Plantation above New Orleans. They always came to the city in a 
volante, driving their pair of Andalufian horfcs themfelves. 

General Wilkinfon firft introduced the cropping of hair in the army. 
Colonel Butler could not endure to lofe his long-cherifhed cue. He re- 
filled. It created great feuds, and much divided officers, fo that fcveral 
duels occurred. He firft introduced mufical inftrumcnts, and their coft 
was much difputed at firft by the department. 

In the year 18 14 I came to dwell at Germantown, as cafhier of the 
newly founded bank. In two or three years after, General Wilkinfon 
came to be my near neighbor at Riter's Tavern, where he purpofed to 
board and write his three volumes of Memoirs. It was a long two-ftoried 
Hone houfe, with a high attic, extending the length of the whole houfe, 
and was well lined with unpainted cedar boards. It was ufed as a ma- 
fons' lodge. There he would pace to and fro, and didlate his compofition 
to his amanuenfis, feemingly an Englifhman. I felt furprife at fuch a 
mode of bookmaking. I was allowed to be prefent, when I chofe. The 
General made no fliew abroad, while there, and did not defire to vifit, as 
I think. My houfe being near, and informal, he feemed to like to relax 
by calling in, and talking moftly with Mrs. Watfon. She admired him 
for his elegance and proprieties of manner. See what I have faid of him 
and his Memoirs in appendix to my Annuls of Philadelphia. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 175 

Page 102. Sir Francis Clark. 

SIR Francis Carr Clerke, Bart., of Hitcham, Buckingham county, 
England, was born 24th Oftobcr, 1 748, and fuccecded to the 
Baronetcy in 1769. He entered the army as Enfign in the 3d regiment 
of Foot Guards, on the 3d Jan. 1770, and attained the rank of Lieutenant 
and Captain on 26th July, 1775. He accompanied General Burgoyne in 
the capacity of Aid-de-camp , was feverely wounded on the 8th, and died 
on the 13th Oftober, 1777. The following circumftances attending his 
death are related in General Wilkinfon's Memoirs, i, 269, note : 

"When I returned to head quarters from the field of battle, I found Sir 
" Francis Clark repofing en General Gates's bed, and thofe gentlemen 
"engaged in a warm difpute, on the merits of the revolution, Sir Francis 
" admitting that every procedure on our part, fhort of the declaration of 
" independence was warranted by the conduft of the Britifli adminiftra- 
" tion ; that he had on this ground vindicated us in public and private, 
" but that the fudden aft of feverance, convinced him the conteft had 
" originated in a premeditated view 10 independence, into which the 
" colonies had been cheated by the puritans of New England ; and that 
" he, of confequence, had changed his opinion, and taken part againft us, 
" On the other hand. Gates contended, that the idea of difimion had 
" never entered into the head of any American, until the menaces of the 
" parliament, the repeated oppreffive afts of the Britifli government, and 
" the manifeft vindiftive refentment of the fovereign, left the colonifts no 
" alternative between abjeft vaflalage and felf-governmcnt. 

" The old General became quite incenfed, and calling me out of the 
"room, aflced me if I had ever heard fo impudent a fon of a b — h. Sir 
" Francis, who was I think a member of parliament, appeared to be an 
" impetuous, high-m'nded, frank, fearlefs fellow, for fuddenly changing 
" the convcrfation, he inquired of me, whether our furgeons were good 
" for anything, as he did not like the direftion of his wound, and was 
" defirous to know whether it was mortal or not. The following extraft 
"of a letter from Doftor Hayes to Genera] Burgoyne, dated the 9th 



176 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

" Oftober, defcribes Sir Francis's particular cafe: 'I have feen Sir 
" Francis Clark, and am forry to inform you that I have feme unfavora- 
" ble opinion of his cafe. The ball entered his right flank, ftruck the 
" two lafl: of the falfe ribs, penetrated the cavity of the abdomen, and 
"feems to run towards the fpinc ; a tenfion of his belly, and involuntary 
" difcharges of urine are bad fymptoms. He has been attended with 
" great care and tenderncfs ; I flay by him this night, and Ihall not omit 
" any attention for his recovery. Major Ackland is wounded in the thick 
" part of both legs. . The left feems to have the bone touched, but of no 
" confequencc.' Sir Francis died I think the 13th, and the day before 
" queftioned Dr. Townfend, who attended him, as to the probable iflue 
" of the wound. The Doftor felt a reluftance in announcing his doom ; 
" he obferved it, and remarked, ' Doftor, why do you paufe ? Do you think 
" I am afraid to die V The Doftor then advifed him, as an aft of prudence, 
" to arrange his private affairs. ' Thank you, Doftor,' replied he, ' I 
" underftand you ; as to my private affairs, my father fettled them for 
"me, and I have only a few legacies to bequeath.' Among them he 
"gave twenty guineas to the matron of our hofpital, who had paid par- 
" ticular attention to him." 

PAROLE OF BURGOYNe's OFFICERS. 

THIS document is in the pofTelTion of J. Wingate Thornton, Efq., 
of Bofton, Mafs., and is figned by Gen. Burgoyne in a broken 
and tremulous hand, and one hundred and eighty-eight other officers. 

" We, whofe names are hereunto fubfcribed, being under the reftriftions 
of the convention made on the fixteenth of Oftober laft, between Lieu- 
tenant General Burgoyne and Major General Gates, do promife and engage, 
on our word and honor, and in the faith of gentlemen, to remain in the 
quarters affigned us for our refidence in Cambridge, Watertown, Medford, 
and Charleftown, in the State of MalTachufetts Bay, and at no time to 
exceed or pafs the following limits, viz. ; Swan's fhop at Charleftown 
Neck, the Cambridge road up to the crofT-way between Mr. Codman's 
houfe and Fort No, 3 ; the faid crolTway out to the road by Mr. Inman's 




■ U^,.. .^ ■-.... ..A, ,,. .. .-^ 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 177 

houfe, taking in the Hofpital Barracks ; from thence a ftraight line to 
Cambridge bridge ; from thence to the north brink of Charles river to 
Watertown ; from thence the Boflon road as far as the crotch of the way 
at Anger's corner; from Watertown bridge up the road to the northweft 
corner of Mr. Remington's houfe, and from Learned's Tavern the Cam- 
bridge road on to the common to the Menotomy road, up faid road to 
Cooper's Tavern, taking in the Menotomy pond ; but not to pafs the beach 
on the fouth, weft, or north fides thereof; from Cooper's Tavern down to 
thecaft end of Benj'n Tuft's houfe in Medford, and from Medford Bridge 
the Bofton road to Swan's fliop, the firft-mentioned bounds. The inter- 
mediate roads are within the parol, and the back-yards of the refpeftive 
quarters to the diftance of eighty yards from them, during our continuance 
in this State, or until the Continental General commanding in this State, His 
Excellency General Walhington, or the Congrefs of the United States, fhall 
order otherwife; and that we will not direftly or indiredlly give any intel- 
ligence whatfoever to the enemies of the United States, or do or fay any 
thing in oppofition to or in prejudice of the meafures and proceedings of 
any Congrefs for the faid States during our continuance here as aforefaid, 
or until we are duly exchanged or difcharged ; and that we will at all times 
duly obferve and obey the rules and regulations already eftabliftied for the 
government of the troops in quarters. 

Given under our hands at Cambridge, in the State of Maflachufetts 
Bay, this thirteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord 
1777. 

BRITISH. 

Lieutenant General. Nicholas Sutherland, Henry Harnage, 
J. Burgoyne. John Anftruther, P. Irving, 

Major General. John Hill. John Holmes, Jun. 

W. Phillips. Majors. Captains. 

Brigadier General. Balcarres, Thomas Hofmer, 

James Hamilton G. Forbes, Ellis Walker, 

Lieutenant Colonels. George Forfter, William Cotton, 

J. Lind, Wiliam Agnew, J. W. Heman, 



lyS Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 



Noah Simpfon, 
Nich's Ailward Vigors, 
John Carter, 
James Sheldon, 
W. Lindfay, 
Neill MacLean, 
Alexander Baillie, 
George Swcttenham, 
J. Rollinfon, 
Francis Wemyfs, 
Robert W. Winchefter, 
William Maxwell, 
Paul Banks, 
James Lovell, 
J. Farmar, 
George Petrie, 
Thomas Kirkman, 
George Brodie, 
Stephen Strangway, 
R. Mafter, 
H.Pilmor, 
William Ferguflbne, 
George Coote, 
A. Jamefon, 
Rd. England, 
J. D. Alcock, 
Henry Marr, 
Thomas Blomefield, 
George Marlay, 
Erie Hawker, 
Alexander Campbell, 
John Shrimpton, 
H. Sotheron, 



Thomas Anburey. 
Lieutefiatits. 
William Cox, 
Dan' Davids, 
Jas. Hadden, 
James Dunbar, 
William P. Smith, 
William Houghton, 
William Collier, 
H. T. Thomion, 
Bright Nodder, 
Robert Stordy, 
James Batterfby, 
W. Houghton, 
Edward T. Jones, 
Hamilton Maxwell, 
W. Digby, 
Charles Williams, 
Sewell Maunfell, 
William Mure, 
Thomas Steel, 
Napier, 
Anfon Nutt, 
Archibald Fife, 
George Rawdon, 
John M'Neill, 
James Murray, 
George Vincent, 
James Kimmis, 
W. Prince, 
Jofeph Stevely, 
S. Rimington, 
Geo. H. Reade, 



J. Steele, 
John Gafkell, 
Richard Norman, 
W. R. Gilbert, 
Richard Croft, 
Robert Dobfon, 
Wm. Charlton, 
Clifton Wheat, 
Charles Torriano, 
W. Fctherfton, 
John Hepburne, 
George Edward Shlagel, 
William Douglas, 
B. Innes, 
Robert Burnet, 
John Blackwood, 
John Dalgleilh, 
Torphichen, 
Wellon Alcock, 
Richard Brown, 
R. Steele, 
Charles Williams, 
William Doylc, 
Thomas Bibby, 
George Coffer, 
Charles Johnfton, 
Charles Earle, 
John Fergutfone, 
W. Campbell, 
Thomas Reed, 
Thomas Storey, 
T. Poe, 
Min" Hobart, 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 179 



Henry Baldwin, 
A. French, 
Bernard G. Ward, 
John Rotton, 
Abm. Banbury, 
J. Jones, 
Arthur Blackall, 
William Wilkinfon, 
Connolly Coane, 
Lowther Mathews, 
Gonvill Bromhead. 

Enfigm. 
Henry May, 
W. Hocy, 
Thomas Dcane, 
Thomas Orchard, 
James Moon, 
Robert Grier, 
Cooper, 

Richard Bateman, 
E. F. Mcrida, 
William Noble, 
M. Burroughs, 
G. Stephens, 
John Percey, 
Richard James, 
H. Blacker, 
George Hervey, 
James Power, 
John Grattan, 
Daniel Gwynne, 

[Thefe names are 
original record, but 
as far as we are able 



St. Leger Bevill, 
Ouin John Freeman. 

Surgeons. 
G. Wylde, 
William Burke, 
M. Cahili, 
W. Pemberton, 
Samuel Sone, 
Leonard Dobbin, 
Alexander Moodie. 
Surgeom' Mtites. 
Alexander Melville, 
William Brown, 
A. B. Carroll, 
Charles Watfon, 
Colin MacLafty, 
Jofeph Alder. 

Adjutants. 
Ilaac Fielding, 
J. Dalladine. 
Deputy Adjt. General. 
Rt. Kingfton. 

Chaplains. 



CommiJJary General. 
Jonathan Clarke. 
Affiftant Commijaries. 
J. Roufleau, 
Andrew Fofter, 
L. Cromanteau, 
Nathaniel Collyer. 
John Powell, AJJiJlant 

Com. of Beer, 
John M'Kenzie, dep. do. 
Affiftant ^artermafter. 
George Vallancey. 
Dtp. paymajler general. 
David Geddes. 

ASling Phyfician. 
Vine* Wood. 
Mates of Gen. Hofpital' 
Richard Woodthorp, 
John Park. 

Aids-dc-camp. 
Charles Green, 
R. R. Wilford, 
Wagonmajler General. 



R'd Montague Money, Robert Hoakefly. 



Andrew Brown, 
Charles Mongan, 
R. Higinbothom, 
Edward Brudenell, 
Quartermajiers. 
William Paxton, 
Jno. Holmes. 



P. O'Donnel, dep. do. 

Philip Skene, a poor fol- 
lower of the Britifh 
army. [Thefe words 
are in his own hand 
writing.] 



not given in the order in which they appear on the 
have been carefully collated with it, and arc correft 
to decypher them with the aid of the Army lifts.] 



i8o Burgoynes Orderly Book. 



Riedcfel, Maj. General. 
J. W. Specht, Brig. Gen. 
W. R. De Gall, do. 
Lcntz, Lieut. Colonel. 

Majors. 
Von Lucke, 
Von Mengen, 
Ehrcnkrook, 
Von Paflern. 
¥i..\J.C\ewe, Brig. Maj. 

Captains. 
J. WilJoe, 
dc SchlagenteufFel, 
dc Lohneyfen, 
C. A. Alers, 
J. G. P. Arend, 
Morgenftern, 
Bartling, 
Harbord, 
Girfcwald, 
Lutzovv, 
SchlagenteufFel, 
Jaeger, 

C. L. Schottelius, 
F. de Germann, 
Scheel, 
Schaften, 
Paufch, 
Trott. 

Lieutenants. 
Borneman, 
Ulig, 
Trott, 



GERMANS. 
Rudolphi, 
De Mayer, 
C. von Muzell, 
G. S. Wintcrfmitz, 
Hclmcke, 
Curt von Hefler, 
Meyer, 
Counradj, 
Von Dobencck, 
Petcrfon, 
Modrach, 
Von Unger, 
Fcichel, 
Reinking, 
W. Hover, 
Morgenftern, 
BurgfdorfF, 
Brands, 
Meijcrn, 
Cramm, 
J. Meyer, 
Auguft Papet, Sen., 
Milkau, 
Oldekop, 
D'Anniers, 
J. F. J. Kettner, 
A. H. Du Roi, 
Unger, 
P. S. Cruse, 
J. F= Pfluger, 
J. G. H. Gladen, 
G. F. Fricke, 
C. F. Rohr, 



P. W. L. Rhenius, 

M. von Butler, 

Von Lindau, 

Von Efchwege, 

Von Bifchaufen, 

Von Trott, 

Siebert, 

Graf von Piikler, 

Sartorius, gr. Majler. 

F. V. Geyling, 

W. Dufais, 

C. D. Spangenberg. 

Etijigns. 
Bandel, 
Erich, 
Bode, 
Meibom, 
Bernewitz, 
Ulmenftein. 
E. Grimpe, 
Von Richterfleben, 
Von Weyhers, 
Heerwagen, ./idjt. 

Chaplains. 
Toegel, 
Milius, 
Kohle, 
Theobald. 

Surgeons. 
Schrader, 
Pralle, 
Baufe, 
J. H. Kunze, 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. i8i 

VaWmx, D.Adjt. Gen. H. D.Gerkch, J^Mr.G. Auditors. 

Aid-de-Camps. Langemcyer, Sec'y. Schmidt, 

A. Edmonllone, T. T. Heildebach, Serjt. Zincken, 

Clcve. Major. A. H. Biihr. 

[Thefe names have been compared with the original, kindly placed in 
our hands by Mr. Thornton for the purpofe; and with thofe on another 
parole, given when the prifoners were marched to Virginia, alfo in the 
polTeffion of Mr. Thornton. They will be found in fome cafe to differ 
flightly in orthography from the names on p. 155, et feq. We have fol- 
lowed the original.] 

THE RED HOUSE. 
Page 58. 

AT the time of our revolutionary conteft, the fortification at Fort 
Edward was fo dilapidated that it was worthlefs, and was feldom 
occupied by any of the troops that were llationed there. And the three 
block-houfes or outpofts of the fort, in oppofite direftions upon the fur- 
rounding heights, were in the fame condition. In addition to thefe, the 
only llruftures there at that time were three dwelling houfes, the hiftory 
and fituations of which were briefly as follows : 

The widow Campbell houfe, from which Jane McCrea, Mrs. Camp- 
bell and a fervant boy living with her, named Norman Morrifon, were 
taken by Indians from Burgoyne's. camp, was fome 16 feet by 20 in fize, 
built of round logs, with a door on its eaft fide only, an old fafhioned fire 
place without jambs at its north end, on one fide of which were ladder- 
like flairs leading to a loft over-head, and rather fouthof the centre of the 
floor, a trap door, opening into an unwalled cellar-hole underneath. This 
building was fubfequently the refidence of fheriff Peter B. Tierce, who 
married a grand-daughter of Mrs. C.'s. It was demolifhed fome fifty 
years ago. It flood in what is now the garden of Dr. Norton, fome ten 
rods fouthweft of the brick houfe in which the doftor refides, and was 
thus equidiftant between and about eight rods from the road on one fide 
and the river on the other, and fome fixty rods north of the fort and one 
hundred and fifty fouth of the tree and fpring where it is currendy but I 



i82 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

think erroneoudy reported Mifs McCrea was murdered, the fpot where 
that atrocity occurred, being fome thirty-five rods eaft, at the fummit of 
the hill where the old military road to Fort Ann and Fort George afcendcd 
the hill. Of this I became aflured, upon carting over all the evidence I 
could obtain when inveftigating this fubjeft fourteen years fmcc, the tefti- 
mony of Efq. Samuel B. Cook, an intelligent man who came to refide 
here in 1788, and accompanied me over the grounds, being moft full, 
explicit and ftrongly corroborated by fafts derived from feveral other 
fources. 

The other two were framed buildings, which are ftill ftanding. When 
the fecond fort at this place was erefted by Gen. Lyman's army in 1755, 
feveral buildings were reared within it, for officers' quarters, barracks, 
ftorehoufes and workftiops. After the French war, Patrick Smvth was 
fuperintendent of the public property here, and Canada being now con- 
quered, it was fuppofed there would never be any further ufe for this for- 
tification. It was therefore neglefted and went to ruin, and the fuperin- 
tendant and his brother. Dr. James Smyth, took down the two beft 
buildings in the fort and reerefted them where they now ftand, for their 
own refidcnces. That of the Dr. S. was opened as an inn, and in 1788 
he fold it to Ezekicl Baldwin, who continued for a long time to occupy 
it in the fame manner. This houfe has now for a long time been out of 
repair and unoccupied. It is fituated between the village ftreet and the 
canal, fomcwhat fouth of the fort and north of Fort Edward creek. 

The third building, in which Patrick Smyth refided, is below this, at 
the fouth end of the village, a little below where the road from Argyle 
comes into the river road. It is now modernized in its appearance, with 
an obfervatory on its top, and painted white, and is the refidence of Col. 
Abraham Fort. When Charlotte (now Wafliington) county was fet off 
from .'Albany, in 1773, Smyth was appointed the county clerk, and the 
courts were held in this houfe, Wm. Duer and Philip Schuyler being the 
prefiding judges at the fix terms which were held before the outbreak of 
the revolution caufed their fufpenfion. The troops which were ftationed at 
this place in the latter years of the war, to guard the frontier againft in- 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 183 

curfions from Canada, quartered themfelves in this houfe, and Gen. Stark's 
regiment, when on this fervice, fortified it by furrounding it with pali- 
fadcs. The Smyths being loyalifts, withdrew to Canada, felling this 
houfe to Adiel Sherwood. A fon of Patrick Smyth, born here, named 
Charles, was a lawyer, refident in Albany, and for a time clerk of the 
fupreme court. He afterwards refided and died on an ifland he owned 
on the Canada fide of Lake Ontario. Sherwood opened this houfe as a 
tavern, and thereupon the county courts, which had been recommenced 
at New Perth (now Salem) meeting houfe — the only framed building then 
in the county, in addition to thefe two — came to be held alternately 
there and in this houfe again until 1797. 

This building was formerly defignated as the old Yellow houfe. I pre- 
fumc it was repainted of this color, by Sherwood, for I have the impref- 
fion that both the Smyth houfes were originally red, though I am unable 
to find any memorandum ftating this faft. That this is the houfe that 
was occupied by Gen. Burgoyne and his ftaff, whilft the Dr. Smyth houfe 
was at the fame time thronged with the families which abode there tem- 
porarily for proteflion from his Indians, fully appears from numerous 
ftatements which I have gathered. 

Robert Blake of Eall Greenwich (now deceafed) fays : " I was a boy 
" fi.xteen years old, when my father's family went to Burgoyne's camp to 
" take proteftion. Whilft there, we refided with an uncle of mine, Wm. 
" Bell, whofe houfe was a half mile north of the village. The widow 
" Campbell, was living at my uncle's temporarily, at the fame time. She 
" uled to go down from my uncle's to the camp, every day, to vifit her 
" coufin Gen. Frazier, as fhe termed him, who, with the other officers, 
" had their quarters at Smith's houfe, as it was called. Thjs was a large 
" houfe, below the fort, and acrofs the brook from the fort. It was 
" afterwards furrounded by pickets. It belonged to Dr. Smith and his 
" brother. Their Chriftian names I don't remember. Mrs. Campbell, 
" or McNeil as fhe fhould be called, for McNeil was her laft hufband, 
" was talking a great deal at that time, about houfes that belonged to her 
" in New York city. Whether fhe really had any houfes there, or was 

24 



184 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

" really a coufin to Gen. Frazier I don't know. But every day, when 
" fhc returned from her vifit to the camp, fhe was telling how fhe was 
" going to give the ufe of fuch a houfc to this officer, and fuch a houfc to 
" that, for their quarters, on their arrival in New York — for that they 
" would reach New York was a fixed faft at that time." — Letter from 
Dr. Afa Fitch. 

BRIGADIER GENERAL FRAZER. 
Page 116. 

SIMON Frazer was the youngeft fon, it is faid, of Hugh Frazer of 
Balnain. His mother was daughter of the Frazer of Forgers. So 
little is known of his early hiftory, that we can with difficulty trace him 
beyond the year 176 1. However, we are inclined to the opinion that 
he ferved in one of the Scotch regiments or companies in the pay of 
Holland previous to the breaking out of the French war. We find a 
Simon Frazer commiffioned a Lieutenant in the 60th Royal Americans 
on the organization of that regiment in 1756, who was tranlferred on 5th 
January, 1757, to Frazer's Highlanders. With this regiment he ferved 
in the expedition againft Louifbourg; obtained his company 22nd April, 
1759, and accompanied Gen. Wolfe to Quebec. On the 15th March, 
I 76 1 , he received the brevet rank of Major, and was commiffioned Major 
of the 24th Foot, 8th February, i 762. He was garrifoned for a few years 
at Gibraltar, whence his regiment went to Ireland. On 14th July, 1768, 
Major Frazer was appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the 24th, which corps 
was ordered to Canada in 1776, and formed part of the forces commanded 
by Gen. Burgoyne, whom Lt. Col. Frazer accompanied with the rank of 
Brigadier General, on the prefent expedition. His fervices therein are 
matters of public hiftory. He clofed an honourable career on the field of 
battle on the 7th of Oftober, 1777. The circumftances attending his 
death are thus narrated by Mde. Riedefel : 

" General Frazer, and I believe Generals Burgoyne and Phillips, were 
" to dine with me on that day. I remarked much movement in the camp. 



Biirgoynes Orderly Book. 185 

' My hufband told me that it was a mere reconnoiflance ; and as this 
' was frequent, I was not much alarmed at it. On my way homeward, 
' I met a number of Indians armed with guns, and clad in their war 
' drefTes. Having afked them where they were going, they replied, 
' ' War, war ;' by which they meant that they were about to fight. This 
' made me very uneafy, and I had fcarcely got home, before J heard rc- 
' ports of guns ; andfoon the fire became brifker, till at laft the noifegrew 
' dreadful, upon which I was more dead than alive. About three 
' o'clock in the afternoon, inftcad of guefts whom I had expefted to dine 
' with me, I faw one of them, poor General Frazer, brought upon a 
' hand-barrow, mortally wounded. The tabic, which was already pre- 
' pared tor dinner, was immediately removed, and a bed placed in its ftcad 
' for the General. I fat terrified and trembling in a corner. The noife 
' grew more alarming, and I was in a continual agony and tremour, while 

• thinking that my hufband, might foon alfo be brought in, wounded like 
' General Frazer. That poor general faid to the furgeon, ' Tell me the 
'truth, is tlicre no hope?' His wound was exaftly like that of Major 
' Harnagc ; the ball had pafled through his body, but unhappily for the 

* General, he had that morning eaten a full breakfaft, by which the ftomach 
' was diftendcd, and the ball, as the furgeon remarked, pafled direftly 
' through it. I heard often amidft his groans, fuch words as thefe, ' O 
' bad ambition ! poor General Burgoyne! poor Mijlrejs Frazer^ Prayers 
' were read, after which he defired that General Burgoyne fliould be 
' requefted to have him buried on the next day, at 6 o'clock in the 
' evening, on a hill where a breaftwork had been conftruftcd. He fent 
' me fevcral meflages to beg my pardon for the trouble he thought he 
' gave me. About 3 o'clock, I was informed that he could not five much 
' longer, and as I did not wifh to be prefent at his laft ftruggle, I wrapped 
' my children in blankets, and retired into the entrance hall. At 8 
' o'clock in the morning he expired. 

" After he had been wafhcd, he was wrapped in a fheet, and laid out. 
' We then returned into the room, and had this melancholy fpeftacle 
' before us the whole day. Many officers of my acquaintance were 



1 86 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

"brought in wounded, and the cannonade continued. There was fome 
" talk of retreating, but I faw no indications of it. About 4 o'cloclc in 
" the afternoon, I faw the houfe which had been built for me, in flames, 
" from which I inferred that the enemy was near. We were informed 
" that Gen. Burgoyne intended to comply with General Frazer's lad re- 
" qucft, and to have him buried at 6 o'clock, in the place which he had 
" defignated. This occafioned an ufelefs delay, and contributed to our mili- 
" tary miiortunes. At 6 o'clock, the corpfe was removed, and we faw all 
"the generals with their retinues, on the hill, aflifting at the funeral cere- 
" mony. The Englifli chaplain, Mr. Brudenel, officiated. Cannon-balls 
" flew around and above the aflembled mourners. General Gates pro- 
" teftcd afterwards, that had he known what was going on, he would 
" have Hopped the fire immediately. Many cannon balls flew clofe by 
" me, but my whole attention was engaged by the funeral fcene, where 
" I faw my hufband expofed to imminent danger. This, indeed, was not 
" a moment to be apprehenfivc for my own fafety." 

General Burgoyne has defcribed this fcene with his ufual felicity of cx- 
preffion and eloquence, and jn a much more graphical ftyle than our au- 
thorefs. We beg leave to copy the following paflage : 

" The inceflant cannonade during the folemnity ; the fteady attitude 
"and unaltered voice with which the chaplain officiated, though frequently 
" covered with dufl:, which the fliot threw up on all fides of him ; the 
"mute but expreflive mixture of fenfibiiity and indignation, upon every 
" countenance ; thefe objefts will remain to the laft of life upon the mind 
" of every man who was prefent. The growing duflcinefs added to the 
" fcenery, and the whole marked a charadler of that junfture that would 
" make one of the fineft fubjeds for the pencil of a maftei-, that the field 
" ever exhibited. To the canvafs, and to the faithful page of a more im- 
" portant hiftorian, gallant friend ! I confign thy memory. There may thy 
" talents, thy manly virtues, their progrefs and their period, find due dif- 
" tinftion ; and long may they furvive ; long after the frail record of my 
" pen fliall be forgotten !" — State of the Expedition frotn Canadn, &c. &c. 
p. 126, 



Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 187 

• DAVID JONES. 
Page 10. 

DAVID Jones was the lover of the unfortunate Mlfs McCrea, His 
older brother Daniel married, previous to the war, and was living 
north of Sandy-hill, I prefume on lot 55, Kingfbury, of which the county 
records fhow him to have been the owner. This is three miles north of 
Sandy-hill, in the neighborhood called the Pine Plains in Burgoyne's expe- 
dition, now Mofs ftreet. Petcrs's corps, in which Daniel and David 
Jones were commiffioned officers, was moftly conipofed of men from the 
loyalift families in this county, who had repaired to Canada when this 
expedition was organizing. As the party of Indians was fent for Mifs 
McCrea when the army, in its advance, encamped at the Pine Plains, it 
appears altogether probable that it was mutually underftood that fhe fhould 
come to this place and temporarily flay at the houfe and with the family 
of Daniel Jones ; and thus there was lefs temerity in this arrangement than 
has currently been fuppofed. Who could have anticipated there was any 
particular danger in employing a company of friendly Indians to take a 
horfe to her and efcort her back with them, by day-, three or four miles, 
tranfferring her from his mother's to'his brother's houfe ? 

When the family withdrew to Canada, Daniel located himfelf at Brock- 
ville, where he engaged in bufinefs aftively, extenfively and fuccefTfully. 
His oldefl Ton was fent to England to complete his education, but was a 
profligate fpendthrift who came to nothing. His two other fons, by a 
fecond wife, Daniel and David, were lawyers in Brockville, and the latter 
was recently and perhaps is flill the county clerk there, the former being 
deccafed. After their father's death, fome thirty or forty years fince, 
one of thefe fbns came to Sandy-hill to recover fomething for the lands 
from which his father, he faid, had been forcibly driven. His advent 
there, on fuch an errand, produced a confiderable excitement ; one or 
more articles appeared in the village newfpaper, farcallically alluding to 
his family's claims upon this country ; and he found the temper of the 



1 88 Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 

community fuch that he was impelled to withdraw and abandon the bufi- 
nefs. Though his family was probably legally entitled, in our courts, to 
the compenfation he fought, there is no doubt they had long fmce re- 
ceived from the Britifh government, a fair equivalent for the lofles they had 
fuftained. 

The widow Jones and her fons are reported to have come here from 
New Jerfey, from whence alfo came the McCreas, whofe father was a 
Prefbyterian clergyman in that ftate. The widow Jones's houfe flood on 
the weft or Saratoga fide of the river, over a half mile below the old fort, 
nearly on the fpot where a cream colored houfe now ftands, fome twenty 
rods below the ftone houfe of Halfey Rogers. At this place was the 
principal ferry on the river, which continued to be known as the Jones 
ferry many years after the family had left. Philander Doty fucceeded the 
widow Jones, and the houfe was deftroyed at the time of Carleton's de- 
fcent hither, in the autumn of 1780. The following ftatements from 
Jacob Biteiy, deceafed, merit to be copied, in this connexion. 

" Father moved to this place from Skenefboro, in the fpring of 1779, 
"when I was 17 years old. Though the land there fuited him well 
" enough, he did not feel we fhould be fafe in rcfiding there. We Ihould 
" be better guarded, he faid, to be in the rear of Fort Edward. So he 
" came down here, and bought out a rank tory on the oppofite (Saratoga) 
" fide of the river, named Tuttle, father of John and Wm. Tuttle. The 
" farm was all cleared up and under cultivation. It lay on Snoot kill, 
" and our houfe flood where the white houfe fouth of the mouth of Snoot 
" kill now ftands. Other tories about here alfo fold out and went to Canada 
" about the fame time with Tuttle ; for they now began to defpair of the 
" king's conquering this country, and the whigs were getting to feel in fuch 
" high fpirits, they could not bear to remain in the neighborhood. The 
" widow Jones and her fons fold their place to Philander Doty. Their 
" ferryman, who fet Jane McCrea acrofs the river, the morning of the day 
" fhc was murdered, remained and continued to do the ferrying feveral 
" years after we came here. I have the moft perfeft recolledlion of hearing 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 189 

" him ftate thefe things, viz : That Mifs McCrea left her brother John's 
" houfc and went up to the widow Jones's, and flaid there over night 
" [feveral days and nights, other teftimony authentically eftablifhes], and 
" he, the ferryman, fet her over the river, the next morning, for her to go 
" to her aunt Campbell's. The ferryman termed Mrs. Campbell Mifs Mc- 
" Crea's aunt. Whether (he was fo, or not, I do not know. The ferry- 
" man alfo defcribed Mifs McCrea as being dreffed up in her belt: fuit of 
" clothes, when he fet her aci-ofs the river that morning ; and defcribed 
" to me her wedding cap, as he termed it. What its material or fabrica- 
" tion was, I do not remember, but I fuppofe it was very nice for thofe 
" days, the ferryman having feemed to notice it fo particularly. She had 
" put on thefe fine clothes at Mrs. Jones's, that morning. I do not rccol- 
" left of the ferryman's telling whether there was a black woman accom- 
" panying Mifs McCrea at that time. * * * * 

" Malloy, Geo. Campbell, and another Campbell, whofc firfl name I 
" cannot recall, with fome others around here of lefs note, alfo fold out 
" their poflcffions at the fame time with the Jonefes, and moved ofF to 
" Canada. But it feems they could not forget their happy homes of 
" former years, and fuch were their feehngs of hatred and malevolence 
"towards the whigs, that it added gall to their cup to think that thefe, 
" their bitter enemies, were living in quiet comfort, in their old refidences. 
" They therefore refolved to ' deftroy what they could not enjov.' A 
" large company of thefe refugees, under the lead of the Tutdes and Geo. 
" Campbell, it was always faid and believed, came down from Canada as 
" volunteers in Carlcton's force, for the purpofe of deftroying our pro- 
" perty and burning our houfes. That year continues to be defignated in 
" this quarter, as ' the year of the great burning^ " — Letter from Dr. Afa 
Fitch. 











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Burgoyne s Orderly Book. 191 

MEDALS IN HONOR OF THE SURRENDER. 

A MEDAL was ftruck by order of Congrefs, two inches in diameter, 
in commemoration of the fuccefs of the American arms over this 
formidable expedition. On one fide is the bull of Gen. Gates, with the 
Latin infcription, horatio gates duci strenuo comitia Americana ; on 
the reverfe, Burgoyne is reprefented in the attitude of delivering up his 
fword, and in the back ground, on either fide of them, are feen the two 
armies of B/itain and America, the former laying down their arms. At 
the top is the Latin infcription, salus regionum septentrional : below 

HOSTE AD SARATOGAM IN DEDITION ACCEPTO DIE XVII OCT. MDCCLXXVIJ. 

An engraving of the above is given in Loffing's Piilorial Field Book of 

the Revolution, i, 83. The French alfo caufed a bronze medal to be 

ftruck to commemorate the furrender of Burgoyne and Cornvvallis, in 

which their own fiiccor is made confpicuous. 

Device. Head of Liberty ; the hair blown back as if by the wind, againft 
which the goddefs feems to be running, to announce to the world the 
tidings of her viftories. On the right fhoulder Ihe bears a liberty cap. 

Legend. Libertas Americana. 4 Juil : 1776. 

Reverfe. Pallas holding in her left hand a fliield on which are three 
feun de lis (the arms of France) ; oppofed to her is a leopard (Eng- 
land), in the aft of fpringing, into whofe breaft fhe is about to plunge 
a barbed javelin that fhe holds in her dexter hand. Beneath the fliield 
is an Infant ftrangling with one hand a ferpent, which he is holding up, 
whilft he ftoops and chokes another found at his feet. 

Legend. Non sine diis animosus infans. 

Exergue. 17 q 1777 

19 • 1781 

This Medal belongs to the Worden Colleftion of the New York 
State Library ; it is a beautiful fpecimen of art, and in its defign highly 
claffical. Hercules, according to the ancient mythology, was faid to have 
ftrangled whilft in his cradle, two ferpents which had aflaulted him, having 
been aflifted by the proteftion of the goddefs Pallas, Infant America, 

25 • 



192 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 

like Hercules in his cradle, had deftroycd two Britifh armies. The two 
epochs of thofe exploits are marked in the Exergue 17 Oct. 1777 — 
Burgoyne's Surrender at Saratoga — and ig"" Octob. 1781 — Cornwallis's 
Surrender at Yorktown, Va. The motto is from Horace, Ode 4, Book 
III. V. 20. The allufion is highly appropriate. — Doc. Hiji., iii, i 181. 

PRELIMINARY ORDERS. 

MONTREAL, 30th May, 1777. The Regiments dellined for 
the Expedition under General Burgoyne are to leave in their 
refpeftive ftores, their Blanket Coats, Legging, and all Baggage that can 
be fpared during the Summer Months ; the Officers are depended on not 
to encumber the Service with more Baggage than fhall be abfolutely nc- 
ceflary for a Campaign where the Movements may be expedled to be 
fudden and alert ; the portion of Bateaux to each Regiment will be regu- 
lated on thofe principles. Three women per Company will be allowed 
to follow the army. The exercife of the Troops under the Lieut. 
General's Orders is to be confined to firing with Bail-Cartridges, Bayonets 
fixed, and rapidity of Movements in Marching, Evolutions, and Forming. 
— State of the Expedition, p. 72. 

GENERAL BURGOYNe's ORDERS MODELS TO 
COMMANDING OFFICERS. 

EXTRACTS from the Orders of Gen. Burgoyne were published in 
1780, after the appearance of The State of the Expedition, and 
printed uniformly with it; the editor's principal inducement for offering 
them to the public being oftenfibly that the latter work was incomplete 
without them. " It was conceived," he fays, " that if Gen. Wolfe's Orders 
" were efteemed as models to commanding officers of Corps, as well as in- 
" flrudlive lefTons in their profeffion to thofe of an inferior rank. Gen. Bur ■ 
" goyne's would more fully anfwer that defcription, as they relate to military 
" tranfaftions far more important, and to fcenes infinitely more interelling 
" to the public. Befide that, the author of them is known to add to the 
" knowledge and experience of the General all the exterior graces and re- 
•' finement of the fcholar and the writer," 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 193 

BURLESQUE BALLADS ON BURGOYNe's 
EXPEDITION. 

From Grtj'wold' s Curiojitles of Am. Literature. 



THE PROGRESS OF SIR JACK BRAG. 



Said Burgoyne to his men, as they paiTM 
in review, 
Tullalo, tullalo, tuUalo, boys! 
Thefe rebels their courfe very quickly will 

rue, 
And fly as the leaves Yore the autumn 
tempeft flew, 
When him ivho is your leader they 
know, boys ! 
They with men have now to deal, 
And we foon will make them feel, 
Tullalo, tullalo, tullalo, boys ! 
That a loyal Briton's arm and a loyal 
Briton^s fteel 
Can put to flight a rebel as quick as 
other foe, boys ! 
Tullalo, tullalo, tullalo— 
Tullalo, tullalo, tullalo-o-0-0, boys! 



As to Sa-ra-tog' he came, thinking how 
to jo the game, 
Tullalo, tullalo, tullalo, boys ! 
He began to fee the grubs, in the branches 

of his fame. 
He began to have the trembles left a flafh 
Ihould be the flame, 
For which he had agreed his perfume 
to forego, boys I 
No lack of fkill, bqt fates, ' 
Shall make us yield to Gates, 
Tullalo, tullalo, tullalo, boys ! 
The devil may have leagued, as you know, 
with the States ! 
But we never will be beat by any mor- 
tal foe, boys ! 
Tullalo, tullalo, tullalo— 
Tullalo, tullalo, tullalo-o-0-0 boys. 



THE FATE OF JOHN BURGOYNE, 



When Jack the king's commander 

Was going to his duty, [bowM 

Through all the crowd he smiled and 
To every blooming beauty. 

The city rung with feats he'd done 

In Portugal and Flanders, 
And all the town thought he'd be crown'd 

The firft of Alexanders. 

To Hampton Court he firft repairs 
To kifs great George's hand, firs j 

Then to harrangue on ftate afl^airs 
Before he left the land, firs. 

The Lower Houfe fat mute as moufe 

To hear his grand oration j 
And all the peers, with loudeft cheers, 

Proclaimed him to the nation. 



Then off he went to Canada, 

Next to Ticonderogaj 
And quitting thofe away he goes, 

Straightway to Saratoga, 

With great parade his march he made 
To gain his wilhed for ftation. 

While far and wide his minions hied, 
To fpread his Proclamation. 

To fuch as ftaid he offers made 

Of ^^ pardon on fubmijfion ; 
" But favage bands Ihould wafte the lands 

"Of all in oppofition." 

But ah, the cruel fates of war! 

This boafted fon oi Britian, 
When mounting his triumphal car 

With fudden fear was fmitten. 



194 Burgoynes Orderly Book. 



The fons of Freedom gathered round, 
His hoftile bands confounded, [back 

And when they'd fain have turn'd their 
They found themfelves surrounded! 

In vain they fought, in vain they fled. 
Their chief, humane and tender. 

To fave the reft foon thought it beft 
His forces to furrender. 



Brave St. Clair when he firft retired 
Knew what the fates portended ; 

And Arnold and heroic Gates 
His conduct have defended. 

Thus may America's brave fons 

'With honor be rewarded, 
And be tht fate of all her foes. 

The fame as here recorded. G. of H. 



THE NORTH CAMPAIGN. 



Come unto me ye heroes, 

Whofe hearts are true and bold. 
Who value more your honour 

Than others do their gold ; 
Give ear unto my (lory, 

And I the truth will tell 
Concerning many a foldier. 

Who for his country fell. 

Burgoyne, the king's commander, 

From Canada fet fail 
With full eight thoufand reg'lars, 

He thought he could not fail j 
With Indians and Canadians, 

And his curled Tory crew, 
On board his fleet of ihipping 

He up the Champlain flew. 

Before Ticonderoga, 

The firft day of July, 
Appear'd his Ihips and army. 

And we did them efpy. 
Their motions we obferved 

Full well both night and day. 
And our brave boys prepared 

To have a bloody fray. 

Our garrifon they viewed them. 

As ftraight their troops did land. 
And when St Clair, our chieftain. 

The faft did underftand. 
That they the Mount Defiance 

Were bent to fortify. 
He found we muft surrender, 

Or elfe prepare to die. 



The fifth day of July, then, 

He order'd a retreat. 
And when next morn we ftarCed, 

Burgoyne thought we were beat; 
And clofely he purfued us, 

Till when near Hubbardton, 
Our rear guards were defeated. 

He thought the country won. 

And when 'twas told in Congrefs, 

That we our forts had left. 
To Albany retreated, 

Of all the North bereft, 
Brave General Gates they fent us. 

Our fortunes to retrieve. 
And him with ihouts of gladnefs. 

The army did i 



Where firft the Mohawk's waters 

Do in the funlhine play. 
For Herkimer's brave foldiers 

Sellinger ambush'd lay ; 
And them he there defeated. 

But foon he had his due. 
And feared by Brooks and Arnold, 

He to the North withdrew. 

To take the ftores and cattle 

That we had gather'd then, 
Burgoyne fent a detachment 

Of fifteen hundred men ; 
By Baum they were commanded. 

To Bennington they went ; 
To plunder and to murder 

Was fully their intent. 



Burgoynes Orderly Book. 195 



But little did they know then, 

With whom they had to deal; 
It was not quite io ealy . 

Our ftores and (locks to fteal ; 
Bold Starke would give them only 

A portion of his Icad^ 
With half his crew ere funfet 

Baum lay among the dead. 

The nineteenth of September, 

The morning cold and clear, 
Brave Gates rode through our army 

Each foldier's heart to cheer j 
" Burgoyne," he cried " advances, 

" But we will never fly, 
" No — rather than lurrender, 

" We'll fight him till we die." 

The news was quickly brought us, 

The enemy was near, 
And all along our lines then. 

There was no fign of fear; 
It was above Stillwater 

We met at noon that day. 
And every one expected 

To fee a bloody fray. 

Six hours the battle lafted, 

Each heart was true as gold, 
The Britiih fought like lions, 

And we like Yankees bold j 
The leaves with blood were crimfon. 

And then brave Gates did cry — 
** 'Tis diamond now cut diamond ! 

We'll beat them, boys, or die." 

The darknefs foon approaching, 

It forced us to retreat 
Into our lines till morning, 

Which made them think us beat; 
But ere the fun was rilen, 

They faw before their eyes, 
Us ready to engage them, 

Which did them much surprife. 

Of fighting they feem'd weary, 
Therefore to work they go 

Their thoufand dead to bury. 
And breaftworks up to throw ; 



With grape and bombs intending 

Our army to deftroy, 
Or from our works our forces 

By ftratagem decoy. 

The feventh day of Oftober, 

The Britilh tried again, — 
Shells from their cannons throwing 

Which fell on us like rain, — ■ 
To drive us from our ftatlons 

That they might thus retreat ; 
For now Burgoyne faw plainly 

He never us could beat. 

But vain was his endeavour 

Our men to terrify; 
Though death was all around us. 

Not one of us would fly. 
But when an hour we'd fought them, 

And they began to yield, 
Along our lines the cry rah 

*' The next blow wins the field ! " 

Great God, who guides their battles, 

Whofe caufe is juft and true, 
Infpired our bold commander 

The courfe he ihould purfue. 
He order'd Arnold forward, 

And Brooks to follow on ; 
The enemy were routed ! 

Our liberty was won ! 

Then, burning all their luggage. 
They fled with hafte and fear, 

Burgoyne with all his forces 
To Saratogue did fleer; 

And Gates our brave commander. 
Soon after him did hie, 

Refolving he would take them, 

Or in the effort die. 

As we came nigh the village, 

We overtook the foe ; 
They'd burn'd each houfe to aflies, 

Like all where'er they go. 
The feventeenth of Odober, 

They did capitulate — 
Burgoyne and his proud army 

Did we our prif'ners make. 



196 Burgoyne^s Orderly Book. 



Now here's a health to Arnold, 

And our commander Gates; 
To Lincoln and to Washington, 

Whom ev'ry Tory hates; 
Likewife unto our Congrefs, 

God grant it long to reign, 
Our Country, Right and Juftice 

For ever to maintain. 



Now finifhed is my ftory, 

My long is at an end; 
The freedom we're enjoying 

We're ready to defend; 
For while our caufe is righteous, 

Heaven nerves the foldier's arm, 
And vain is their endeavour 

Who ftrive to do us harm. 



THE BATTLE OF SARATOGA. 

Here followeth the direful fate His power and pride and many threats, 

Of Burgoyne and his army great, Have been brought low byfort'nate Gates 

Who fo proudly did difplay To bend to the United States. 
The terrors of defpotic sway. 

Britifh prifoners by Convention, _ - _ _ - 2442 

Foreigners — by Contra-vention, ----- 2198 

Tories Tent acrofs the Lake, -__--- 1120 

Burgoyne and his luit in ftate, _ - _ - - j^ 

Sick and wounded, brqifed and pounded, \ „ 

Ne'er fo much before confounded, j -* 

Prifoners of war before convention, _ - - - 400 

Deferters come with kind intention, _ _ _ - joo 

They loft at Bennington's great battle ) 

Where Starke's glorious arms did rattle, J 

Kill'd irr September and Oftober, ----- 600 

Ta'en by brave Brown, fome drunk, fome fober, - - 413 

Slain by high famed Herkerman, ) 

On both flanks, on rear and van, \ •* 

Indians, futtlers, butchers, drovers, 

Enough to crowd large plains all over. 

And those whom grim Death did prevent, 

From fighting againft our continent; J- - - - 44^3 

And alfo thofe who ftole away, ] 

Left they down their arms ftiould lay, I 

Abhorring that obnoxious day; J 

The whole make fourteen thoufand men, ) 

Who may not with us fight again. ) " " " I4)000 

This is a pretty juft account Cover'd wagons in great plenty. 

Of Burgoyne's legion's whole amount. And proper harnefs, no ways fcanty. 

Who came acrofs the Northern Lakes Among our prifoners there are 

To defolate our happy States. Six generals, of fame most rare ; 

Their brafs cannons we have got all — Six members of their parliament — ■ 

Fifty-fix — both great and fmall ; Relu<!ilantly they feem content ; 

And ten thoufand ftand of arms, Three Britiih lords, and Lord Balcarras, 

To prevent all future harms; Who came, our country free to harafs. 

Stores and implements complete. Two baronets of high extraftion. 

Of workmanship exceeding neat; Were forely wounded in the a<5tion. 



....■■.i-»-rmii».inii 



INDEX. 



A BUSES in fale of horfes, 89. 

Accounts to be fettled, 98. 
Accoutrements faved, 142. 
Ackland, Maj., wounded, 176. 

portrait of Mrs., 176. 
Aftion, to be ready for inftant, 105. 
Adelfheim, C. F. C. von, 159. 
Adjutant General, 25, 30, 44, 49, 

5'- 

Advanced corps, 19, 55. 

guard, I, 21, 51. 

rations of, 100. 
Agnew, Maj. Wm., 52, 53, 177. 
Alarm, exigency of, 6. 

poft, 4. 

where to form in cafe of, 9. 

falfe, 1 1 7, 
Albany, 159, 162, 164, 168. 

Burgoyne at, 104, 152. 
Alcock, Capt. J. D., 178. 

Lt. Wefton, 178. 
Alder, Jofeph, 179. 
Alers, C. A. von, 1159, 180. 
American fleet ftruck with terror, 
108. 

lofs at Ticonderoga, 32. 
Amherft's army, 17. 
Ammunition, 37. 

to be divided, 1 3. 



Ammunition, failure of, 34, 83. 

for Germans, 46. 
Anburey, Capt. Thos., 53, 63, 178. 

his book, 34. 
Andree, Carl C, l6z. 
Anniers, C. F. d', 157, 180. 

H. D. d', 163, 180. 
Anftruthcr, Lt. Col, 18, loi, 130, 

'77- 
Arend, C. P., 159, 180. 
Argyle road, 182. 
Arkanfas, 170. 
Arms, army to lie under, 108, 1 12. 

difcharging, 1 1 7. 

not to be kept loaded, 4. 

piled, 144. 

refufal to ground, 135. 
Army, American, Burgoyne's com* 
pliment to, I 52. 

followers fubjeft to military 
law, 84. 

form of encampment, 190. 

free paflagc allowed to, 145. 

fupplies on march, 145. 

lirts, 179. 

to move, 8. 

to embark, 17. 

muft not retreat, 17. 

to be refrelhed, 28. 



196 



Index. 



Army, rapid movements, 36. 

zeal of relied upon, 29. 
Arnold, Ben., 43, 61, 168, xxvi. 
Articles of war, 74 

to be read, 5. 
Artificers, 137, 146, 147. 
Artillery, 46, 100, 1 01, 102, 1 07. 

complimented, 115. 

line behind, 31. 

pofition of, 190. 

roads, 27. 
Aflcmbly to beat, 17, 51, 72, 75, 

97. 98- 
Affiftant commiflary, 124, 179. 
paymafter gen., 98, 179. 
Qr. Mall, gen., 43, 50, 67, 
120, 121, 127. 
Atherton, Lieut., 49.- 
Aubrey, Capt., 1 24. 

"DAGGAGE, 29, 75, 94, 97, 
'-^ 106, 107, 1 13, 191. 

of foldiers, 148. 

of officers, 77, 105, 146. 
reftrifled, 37, 64. 

to be returned to Ticonderoga, 
38. 

guard, 88. 

fpare, 43. 

to be fpared, 146. 

to be loaded, 25. 

what to be carried, I 2. 
Bahr, A. H., 163, 181. 
Bailey, Lt. Col., 67. 

Ant Qr. Mart. Gen., 121. 
Baillie, Capt. Alex., 91, 178. 
Baker to be fent, 120. 
Bahamas, 166. 
Balcarras, earl of, 106, 1 77. 
Baldwin, Ezekiel, 182. 

Lt. Henry, 179. 
Balke, Joh. C, 157. 



Banbury, Lt. Abm., 179. 

Bandel, Enf. F., 160, 180. 

Banks, Capt. Paul, 178. 

Barbadoes, 21. 

Barn fortified, 31, 32. 

Earner, Maj. F. A. von, 103, 163. 

Bartling, C. F. von, i6l, 180. 

E. A. von, 157. 
Bat horfes, 72, 75, 120. 

of officers, 137, 146. 

money, 64. 

men, regulations of, 88. 
Bateau men, 137, 146, 147. 
Bateaux, in column, 18. 

captain of, 72. 

drawn over carrying place, 40, 
46. 

miffing, 10. 

proviiion, I 29. 

returned to Skenclhorough, 58. 

in fhallows, 71. 
Batcman, Enf Richard, 179. 
Battalions to clear ground, 4. 
Battle, line of, 190. 

Valcour ifland, 15. 
Baubien, Lieut., 120. 
Baum, Lieut. Col., 11, 103, 155. 

killed, 83. 

his pofition, 190. 
Baufc, Joh. Carl, 1 63, 181. 
Bayonet, charging with, 6. 

preference of, 1 1 6. 

reliance upon, 3. 
Beccroft, Enf Richard, 23, 166. 
Bcgert, Enf J. von, 164. 
Bell, William, tried, 90, 183. 
Belle ifle, 41, 69, 75. 

expedition, 1 1. 
Bellefwardine, 27. 
Bells of arms, 5, 12. 
Bell tents, 4, 117. 
Bemis's heights, 152. 



Indi 



ex. 



197 



Bennington, 135. 
battle of, 83. 
Britifli lofs at, i 53, 154. 
Brunfwickers killed at, 

164. 
prifoners taken at, 155, 
157, 158, 162, 163, 
Berner's pofition, 190. 

(fee Barner). 
Bernewitz, J. H. C. von, 163, 
Bcrndt, Joh. A., I 59. 
Bevill, St. Ledger, 179. 
Bibby, Lieut. Thomas, 178. 
Biddie, Mifs, 169, 174. 

Clement, 174. 
Bielilein, T. W., 160. 
Bingley, Lord, xii. 
Biographical notices : 

Agnew, William, 52. 

Anftruther, John, loi. 

Aubrey, Thomas, 124. 

Baillie, Alexander, 91. 

Baume, Friedrich, 83. 

Beecrofi, Richard, i66. 

Boucherville, Rene Antoine 

Breyniann, Heinrich Chrill. 

Burgoyne, John, xii. 

Campbell, Archibald, 62. 

Carter, John, 32. 

Clarke, Francis Carr, 175. 

Cleve, Friedrich Chriftian, 

Coote, George, 53. 

Craig, James Henry, 149. 

Currie, Samuel, 30. 

Dean, Thomas, 52. 

Douglafs, James, 55. 

Dowling, James, 55. 

England, Poole, 95. 

Fergufon, John, 55. 

Fifh, Jofeph, 52. 

Forbes, Gordon, 86. 

Forfter, George, 42. 



156. 

.56, 
164. 



82. 



65. 



Biographical notices : 
Frazcr, Simon, 1 84. 
Grant, Robert, 52. 
Gray, Warner Wald, 81. 
Green, Charles, 19. 
Hamilton, James Inglis, 22. 
Hamilton, Thomas, 19. 
Harnage, Henry, 27. 
Harrington, Henry, 56. 
Hill, John, 33. 
Hughes, William, 106. 
Irving, Paulus jEmilius, 165. 
Jones, Daniel, 187. 

David, 187. 

Thomas, 115. 
Kinglton, Robert, 139. 
Kirkman, Michael, 11. 
Lawes, George, 75. 
Lind, John, 41. 
Lindfay, Waterhoufc, 69. 

Watt Crymble, 55, 
McLean, Neil, 92. 
Money, John, 84. 
Peterfham, Vifcount, 167. 
Phillips, WilHam, 60. 
Powell, Henry Watfon, lo. 
Price, David, 19. 
Riedcfel, Fried. Adolph, 103. 
Roberton, John James, 65. 
Salans, Alexander, 168. 
Schanck, John, 107. 
Scott, Thomas, 53. 
Skene, Philip, 38. 
Stanhope, Charles, 167. 
Stapleton, Francis Samuel, 92. 
Sutherland, Nicholas, 17. 
Torriano, Charles, 1 20. 
Twifs, William, 14. 
Valiancy, George Prefton, 50, 
Wellropp, Richard, 52. 
Wilkinfon, James, 168, 

William, 90, 



198 



Index. 



Biographical Sketches, 165. 
Bifchaulen, Lt. von, 180. 
Bitely, Jacob, 188. 
Blacker, Enf. H., 179. 
Blackall, Lt. Arthur, i 79. 
Blackwood, Lt. John, 178. 
Blake, Robert, 183. 
Blandford church yard, 61. 
Blanket coats, igi. 
Blockhoiifes at Ft. Edward, 181. 
Blomefield, Capt. Thos. 178. 
Boats, 55, 68. 

efcort of, 51. 

to each battalion, 12. 
Board of regulation, 89. 
Bode, Enf J. F., 160, 180. 

Lt. J. A., 164. 
Bodenieyer, George, 1 59. 
Boiling, Mrs., 61. 
Borbrodt, furgeon, 156. 
Bornemann, A. F. H., 156, 180. 
Bofton, 168, 176. 

army to embark from, 136, 
145. 

blockade, 166. 



49. 



evacuation, 95 

niaflacre, 63. 
Bothmer, F. W. D. von, 
Boucherville, Capt., 68. 
Bounhoife, Capt., 120. 
Bouquet river, 7. 
Brander, E. C. H., 161, 
Breaftworks to be made, 
Breymann, Col., i, 25 
102, 103, 157. 

his corps, 35, 82, 
129. 

his pofition, 190. 
Breva, Aug. -Wm., 156. 
Bridge, 46. 

unfinidied, 72. 

pofleffion taken, 74. 



156. 



. 77. 
83, 



Bridge to be pafled, 75. 

gave away, 77. 

to be crofled, 105. 

not to be pafTed, 1 18. 
at night, 41. 

to be broken up, 107. 

on great road, 108. 
Bridges, floating, 110. 

to be repaired, i i 3. 
Brigade commifTary, 90. 
Brigadier, duties of. 1 4, 86. 

general, 6, 177. 

to poll piquet, 6. 

to give orders, 41. 
Britifli flotilla, 109. 

killed, 153. 

prifoners, 153. 

orders how to be propagated 
in Am. army, 26. 

N. America gov. of, 150. 

ofiicers, lift of, 177. 

foldiers infult guard, 45. 

threaten Wafhington city, 171. 
Brockville, 187. 
Brodie, Capt. Geo., 178. 
Brownhead, Lt. G., 179. 
Brooklyn, 104. 
Brooks, Jofcph, 90. 
Brown, Capt., 107. 

Lt. Richard, 178. 

Wm., 179. 
Browne, Andrew, 179. 
Brudenell, Rev. Edw., 70, 179, 

186. 
Brumcrt and Brumen, (fee Breymann) 
Brunfwick chafleurs, 82. 

grenadiers, 190. 

regts., officers' names, 155. 
Brunfwickers, 103. 

number that returned home, 
104. 

(fee Bennington). 



Inde. 



'X. 



199 



Buildings not to be fired, 29. 
Bullocks ftolcn, 127. 
Bunker hill, 149. 

battle, 90, 95, 124, 165. 

Burgdorff, L. T. von, 1 61, 1 80. 

BurghofF, J. F. H., 158. 

Burgoyne, Lt. Gen., xii, 2, 14, 38, 

52. 53. 54. 61, 74, 8z, 

104, no, 124, 132, 13;, 

139, 140, 142, 143, 144, 

145, 148, 149, 152, 153, 

167, 175, 176, 177, 183, 

184, 185, 186, 191, 192. 

apology for burning Schuyler's 

houfe, 141. 
camp of, 181. 
efFefts of his defeat, v. 
Lady Charlotte, xx. 
portrait of, xi. 
Burke, Wm., 179. 
Burnet, Lt. Robe, 178. 
Burning the country, reproaches for, 
141. 
year of the great, i 89. 
Burr, Aaron, 1 70, 171. 
Burroughs, Enf. M., 179. 
Bufherville's pofition, 190. 
Butler, colonel, I 74. 

M. von, 180. 
Butterfield, Major, 42. 

pAHILL, M., 179. 

^^ Calvert, Mem. P. du, 76. 

Cambridge bridge, 177. 

road, 177. 

German prifoners at, 104. 

parol, 17, 52, 95, 106, 176. 

troops at, 27, 44, 176. 
Camp colormen, 25, 71, 75, 104. 

equipage, 67, 71. 

followers, 44, 179. 

ground to bq cleaned, 71. 

26 



Camp, infpeftion over, 6. 

kettle, 119. 

parties not to leave unarmed, 4. 

llrengthening of, 10. 

regulations, 49. 

to be extended, 4. 

to be marked, 25. 
Campbell, Capt. Alex,, 178. 

Arch., 62, 1 17. 

Geo., 189. 

Lieut. W., 120, 121, 178.' 

Maj., 47, 59. 

Mrs., 181, 183, 189. 

houfe, 181. 
Canada, 53, 

conquered, 182. 

incurfions from, 183. 

governor of, 150. 

62d reg. ordered to, 27. 

Smith's Hirt., 44. 
Canadian officers, 120. 
Canadians, 58, 59, 100. 

pofition of, 190. 

to return, 138, 147. 

not to fcrve again, 147. 

number of, 153. 

volunteers, 47. 
Cannons taken, 154. 
Capitulation, term changed, 149, 

151. 
Carlton, Guy, 15, 19, 52, 64, 91, 
120, 138, 147. 

his invafion, 188, 189. 

ifland dock yard, 109. 
Carroll, h. B., 179. 
Carriages infufficient, 56. 

officers to retain, 137, 146. 
Carrying place, 46, 52, 58, 122. 
Cartel broken, 44. 

provifo for, 145. 
Carter, Capt. John, 32, 178. 
Cartridges, paper for, 36. 



200 



Index. 



Cartridges to be made, 12. 
Carts, 48, 67, 73, 75, 77, 112, 
129. 

mifmanagement of, 105. 

not to be overloaded, 59. 

pofition in line, 51. 
Callleton, 40. 

feu de joie at, 35. 
Cataracouy, 68. 
Cattle, 106, 127, 137, 145. 

guards upon, 50. 

expedition for, failed, 76. 

purchafe of, regulated, 89. 

only to be flaughtered for fick, 
87. 

to be killed at night, 88. 

fale of, 66. 

of the army, 59. 

preferved, 47. 

apportioned, 36. 

to be forwarded to commiffary, 

37- 
Cedars, Am. diflodged, 42. 
Centries, 60. 

to arrcft fufpicious perfons, 79. 
Centinel to be fhot, 81. 
Certificates of proteftion, 38. 
Chalmers, John, 19. 
Chamade beat, 140. 
Charging, exercifes in, 6. 
Charibs, revolted, 20. 
Charles river, 177. 
Charlcilon, 149. 

Charlcftown, Britilh quartered, 176. 
Charlotte county fet off, 182. 
Charlton, Lt. W., 178. 
ChalTcur company, 33. 
Chaffeurs, i. 
Cherokees, 17. 
Chcfapcake bay, 61. 
Chickafaws, 170. 
Chimney point, 9. 



Chimney point guard, 18. 
■ depots, 14, 15. 
Choctaws, 170. 
Churches, barricading, 2. 
Clarke, Com. Gen., g, 93, 97, 
102, 120. 

(fee Clcrke, Sir F. C.) 

Jonathan, 179. 
Cleanlinefs, 4. 

Clearing, what is meant by, 4. 
Clerk of hofpital, 95. 
Clerke, Sir Francis Carr, 102, 175. 
Clcve, Brig. Maj., 10, 14, 28, 155, 
165, 180. 

Capt. H. U., 159. 
Clinton, Gov. Geo., 152. 

Sir Harry, 54. 
Coffee, Lt. George, 178. 
Coldftream guards, 167. 
Collar makers, 57. 
Collier, Lt. Wm., 178. 
Collyer, Nathaniel, 179. 
Colors, Am., taken, 35, 39. 

of oldeft reg., 45. 

faved, 142. 
Commiffary of horfes, 85, 100, 

121, 126. 
Commiffarv's ftore, 45. 
Commiffioncrs for granting protec- 
tions, 38, 66, 70. 

from king, 23. 
Commodore, veffel, 32. 
Companies, additional, 92, 93. 
Conduftors, 48, 100. 

irregularities of, 84. 
Congrcfs, 177. 

with Indians, 45. 
Conneflicut militia, 11. 
Connolly, Lt. C, 179. 
Conradie, C. Fried., 160, 1 80. 
Contents, ix. 

Continental Congrcfs, Burgoyne's 
toaft, I 52. 



Index. 



20I 



Convalefcents to be colledled, 76. 

polled, 48. 
Convention of Saratoga, 1 5. 
figned, 131, 144. 
treaty of, 132, 144. 
troops, 23, 27, 34, 44, 61. 
Cook, Samuel B., 182. 
Cooper, 70. 

Enf., 179. 
Cooper's tavern, 177. 
Coote, Capt., 53, 54, 178. 
Corn to be guarded, 59, 

orders refpcfting, 49. 
Corps to be eftabliflied, 1 17. 

de referve, 14, 31. 
Cornwallis, lord, 23. 

furrender of, 149, 192. 
Cotton, Capt. Wm., 177. 
Counradj, Lt., 180. 
Counterfign : Reading, 37. 

Florence, 2. Wincheftcr, 39. 
Rome, 7, 21, Durham, 40. 

126. Weymouth, 41. 

Scotland, 7. Devon, 42. 

England, 7, 1 1 2 Lincoln, 44, 
Chamblce, 7. 115. 

Lifbon, 8. Dorfet, 44. 

Padua, 8. Blandford, 46. 

Genoa, 10. Sarum, 46. 

Dublin, 1 1, 1 13 Marlborough, 
Cork, 13. 47. 

Wales, 16. Calne, 47. 

Weftminfter, 20 Chippenham, 
Gloucefter, 22. 47. 
Dover, 24. Canterbury, 52. 

Dartmouth, 26. Windburn, 55. 
Dorcheiler, 28. Sherborn, 57. 
Cambridge, 28. Biddcford, 57. 
Berkfhire, 29. Exmouth, 58. 
Exeter, 30. Newcaftle, 60. 

Stamford, 32. Lyons, 60. 
Falmouth, 32. Barnet, 61. 
Italy, 36, 123. Berwick, 63. 



Glamorgan, 63. Brentford, 97. 

Carnarvon, 64. Weymouth; 98. 

Britole, 64. Navarre, 98. 

Potton, 65. Cornwall, 99. 

Burton, 67. Yarmouth, loi. 

Bigglefvvade, 67 Bath, 105. 

Conway, 67. Branfton, 106. 

Truro, 68. Valcntia, 109. 

Penzance, 70. Holland, 114. 

Dartmouth, 70. Orkney, 1 1 4. 

Ipfwich, 71. Glorter, 117. 

Wootton, 72. Ludlow, 117. 

Drury, 73. Hampton, 118. 

Pittfburg, 73. Leeds, 119. 

Madrid, 76, 1 22 Stilton, 119, 

Paris, 77. Upton, 119. 

Turkey, 78. York, 122. 

Coventry, 78. Newark, 124. 

Sorell, 80. Clifton, 124. 

Arc, 80. Champlain, 126 

Kelly, 81. Crownpoint, 

Jcrufalcm, 82. 127. 

Babylon, 84. Saratoga, 1 27. 

Windfor, 86. Dover, 128. 

Portugal, 87. Milford, 1 28. 

Caftile, 88. Stratford, 129. 

Venice, 90. Durham, i 29. 

Pembroke, 90. Barton, 130. 

Denmark, 92. Nofton, 130. 

Southwark, 93. Enfield, I 30. 

Buckingham, 93 Springfield, I 30 

Hertford, 94. Brookfield, 130. 

Spain, 96. Wilton, 131. 

Kent, 96. Cambridge, 1 3 1 

County clerk, 182. 
Courts martial, 69,72, 74, 80, 84, 

90, 96, 97, 1 18, 172. 
Covering party, 42, 46, 1 23, 126. 
Cows ftolcn, I 27. 
Cox, Lt. Wm., 178. 
Craig, Capt. Jas. H., 69, 96, 149, 

151. 
Cramm, H. W. G. von, 161, 180. 



202 



Indi 



ex. 



Creafy on Saratoga battle, v. 
Creek, 40. 

Croft, Lt. Richard, 178. 
Cromanteau, L., 179. 
Crookfhanks, Alex., 124. 
Crown point, 21, 62, no. 

feu de joie at, 35. 

governor of, 38. 
Crufe, Phil. Sigis., 164, 180. 
Currie, Lt., killed, 30, 120. 

r)'ANNIERS, (fee Anniers.) 

Dagleidi, Lt, John, 178. 
Dahlftirna, B. R. von, 162. 
Daily duties, 6. 
Dalladine, Adj. J , 179. 
Dalrymple, Lt., 90. 
Davids, Lt. Daniel, 178. 
Davis, Enf., 19. 
Day of rejoicing, 39. 
Dayton, Ohio, 170. 
Deane, Enf. Thos., 52, 179. 
De Bonne, Lt , i 20. 
Dedication, v. 
De Mayer, Lt., 180. 
Denecke, Fr. Lud., 162. 
Department of intelligence, 82. 
Depot to pafs river, i 04. 
Deputy adjt. gen., 8, 26, 36, 179. 

commiffary gen. of muflers, 62. 

judge advocate, 69. 

muller mailer gen., I, 17, 121. 

paymafter gen., 51, 125. 

qr. mart, gen., 84, 100, 112, 
121, 125, 126. 
Dering, John, 69, 74 
Deferters from Americans, ;, 26, 

30- 
Deferters, Britirti, 62, 78, 81, 123, 

'H. >53. '57, 159- 
executed, 68. 
reward for, 79. 



Deferters to be fcalped, 66, 79. 

fcalped, 65, 1 23. 
Dcfertion, death penalty for promot- 
es. 19- 

trial for, 80, 81, 90, i 18. 
Defpatches to Great Britain, 147. 
Detachment of convalefccnts, 48, 
50. 

duties, 5. 
Detachments to fortify, 2. 

parade of, 6. 
Detroit, 170. 

dock yard, 109. 
Diamond ifland, 124, 125. 
Dietrich, Adolph L., 158. 
Digby, Lt. W., 178. 
Difciplinc, reproach of, 113. 
Difobcdience, how punillicd, 24. 
Diforders, 66, 
Divine fervice, 35, 68. 
Dobbin, Leonard, 179. 
Dobeneck, H. P. H. von, 160, 180. 
Dobfon, Lt. Robert, 178. 
Dommes, Capt. A. P., 163. 
Dorchertcr, Lord, 54. 
Doty, Philander, 188. 
Douglas, Lt. Wm., 55, 178. 
Dove, H. k. D., 163. 
Dowling, Ens., 55. 
Doyle, Lt. Wm., 178. 
Dragoon regiment, officers of, 155. 
Dragoons of Ricdcfcl, 1 7. 

difmountcd, 103. 
Drivers aiTembled, 123. 

not to be ill-treated, 105. 
Drum to be furniflied, 6. 
Drunkennefs puniflied, 66. 
Duer, Judge Wm., 182. 
Diifiis, Lt. W., 180. 
Dunbar, Lt. James, 178. 
Dunford, Lieut., i i. 
Duty, as regulated, to begin, 8. 



Indi 



ex. 



203 



fTARLE, Lt. Charles, 178. 
■*-* Eaft creek, 48. 

Greenwich, 183. 
Edmonftone, A., 181. 
Ehrenkrook, Lt. Col. Joh. Guftav 
von, 20, 27, 103, 159. 

Major C. F. von, 162, 180. 
Eighth foot, 42. 
Eighty-fourth reg., 19. 

third reg., 81. 
Eleventh Dragoons, xiii. 
Emigrants, Lieut, of, 19. 
Emiflarics, 78. 

reward for, 79. 
Enemy inferior to king's troops, 2. 

three miles dillant, 62. 
Engineer, commanding, 90. 

affiftant, 90. 
Engineers under Lieut. Tvvifs, 9. 

rank of, 23. 
England, Capt. Rd., 178. 

Lieut. Poole, 9;. 
Enliftments, 66. 
Enormities committed upon country 

people, 51. 
Entrenchments, reliance upon, 3. 
Erich, Ens. B., 160, I 80. 
Erratum, p. 167, ior Peterborough, 

read PelerJIram. 
Efchwege, Lt. von, 180. 
Efcort of boats, 51. 

to Ft. Anne, 48. 
Evening gun, 9, 10. 
Execution of deferters, 68, 82. 
Expedition to the left, 76. 

fervices of, critical, 17. 

pARMER, Capl. J., 178. 
Fatigue party, i 8. 

fiipported without bread, 35. 
Feichcl, F. W., 160, 180. . 
Fergufon, Enf John, 54, 55. 



Ferguflbne, Capt. Wm., 1 78. 

Lt. John, 178. 
Feu de joie, 35, 39. 
Field of battle, 1 14. 
Fielding, Adjt. Ifaac, i 9. 
Fife, Lt. Archibald, 178. 
Fifteen decifive battles of the world, 

V. 

Fifteenth foot, 11, 23. 
Fifty-third foot, 106. 

reg., 19, 54, 67, 68, go, 122. 
Fires prohibited at roots of trees, 
22. 

to be lighted, 1 27. 
Firing, praflice, 16. 
Firft brigade, I, 21, 25, 30. 
Firft highland battalion, 17. 
Firft Highlanders, 52. 
Fifh, Lt. Jofeph, ;z. 
Fifher's houfe, othcrwife Dovogols, 

121. 
Fifhkill bridge, 140. 

mt to be paffcd, 101. 
Fitch, Dr. Afa, 184, 189. 
Fitherfton, Lt. W., 178. 
Flank regiments, 5. 
Fleet, Britifh, 15. 
Fleming, Jane, 167. 
Florida, 69, 92, 124. 
Flour cakes, made without ovens, 

. ■7-. 
diftribution of, 1 13. 

taken from Americans, 77. 
Fluke of earth to be thrown up, 5. 
Flux, 48. 
Flying enemy, eflential to purfue, 

29. 
Fog, 109. 
Fogs, 61. 
Followers of army, 84, 85, 100. 

of camp, 49, 50, 137, 146, 
147. 



204 



Index. 



Forage money, 64. 

iffiied, 125. 
order refpefting, 1 1 o. 
fupply of to officers, 1 45. 
Foragers reftrifted, 109, liz. 
Foraging, lofs of men by, 113. 

party, 120, 121, 123, 126. 
Forbes, Maj , 20, 37, 44, 58, 63, 
68, 71, 76, 78, 81, 90, 93, 

96, 99, 113, 177. 
died, 87. 

Ford guarded, 60. 
Forftcr, Maj., 13, 42, 47, 67, 73, 
78, 80, 84, 90, 93, 96, 

97, 98, 112, 115, 118, 
1 19, 122, 124, 127, i:8, 
130, 131, 177. 

Forftner, Hen. Fr., 162. 
Fortieth reg., 53. 

Fortifying to be done in bell: man- 
ner, 2. 
Forty-fecond Highlanders, 92. 
feventh foot, 1 7. 

regt., 55, 69, 74, 77, 95. 
loi, 107, 118, 1 24, 149. 
to defend its ground to the 
laft, 102. 
Fort Adams, 170. 

Anne, road to, 33, 40, 48, 
182. 
burnt, 34. 
camp, 56. 
halt at, 58. 
Col. Abm., i8z. 
duQuefnc, 17, 53. 
Bowyer, 171. 

Edward, 58, 70, 74, 77, 188. 
creek, i8z. 
dilapidated, 181. 
roads, 96. 
George, 64, 65, 67, 68, 182. 
Major, 95. 



Fort Miller, 75, 95. 

old, 188. 

St. Philip, 41. 

Schuyler, Brit, lofs at, 154. 

Skenefboro, 3 I. 
Foftcr, Andrew, I 79. 
Frazer, Brig. Gen., 7, 25, 33, 34, 
54, 59, 100, 102, 116, 
167, 183, 184. 

wounded, 185. 

died, 186. 

Capt., 91. 

Hugh, 184. 
Frazcr's brigade, 27. 

corps, 7, 25, 39, 40, 46, 47, 
56, 72, 114. 
of rangers, 98. 

highlandcrs, i 84. 

marklmcn, 91, 190. 

pofition, 190. 
Fredcricktown, 23. 
FredcrfdorfF, Wm. L., I 59. 
Freeman, Ouin John, i 79. 
Freeman's farm, 54, 63. 

batde, 149, 159, 161, 162, 
163, 164. 
French, Lt. A., 179. 

lines fccured, 1 1. 
Fricke, G. F. G., 164, 180. 

Hein. Chrift., 156. 
Freyenhagcn, H. J., 1 61. 
Fromme, Joh. Ed., 163. 
Fiigcrer, F. Aug., I 59. 
Fufil, when to be ufed, 4. 

r^.\LL, Brig. Gen., 22, 180. 
^"^ his brigade, 25, 27. 

pofition, 190. 
Gage, Gen., 149. 
Gardner, Capt., 39. 
Gafkcll, Lt. John, 178. 



Index. 



205 



Gates, Maj. Gen., 132, 133, 135, 

137. 139. J43. i44> H7. 
148, 152, 167, 168, 169, 
175, 176, 186, 192. 
hisftafF, 168. 

Gebhard, T. F., 157. 

Geddes, Afll. Pay M. Gen., 98, 

179- 
General to beat, 17, 51, 71, 75, 

97. 98. 

hofpit.il, 94, 95. 
Gerlach, Hcin. Dan., 155, 1 81. 
German brigades, i. 

priloners at Cambridge, 104. 

recruits, 1 27. 

referve, 101. 

regiments favcd their colors, 
142. 

troops hired, 103. 

foldiers, difturbance among, 

45- 
Germans, 46. 

Germann, Capt. F. dc, 180. 
Germantown, 1 72, 1 74. 
Geyling, F. V., 180. 
Geyfo, Carl von, 163. 
Gilbert, Lt. W R., 178. 
Girfewald, E. H. W. von, 161, 

180. 
Gifmar, Brig. Maj., 22. 
Glitflenberg, G. J. von, 164. 
Gladen, J. G. von, 164, 1 8c. 
Godecke, Joh. Con., 155. 

Joh. Hcin., 160. 
Gordon, Charles, 106. 
Grate, A. L. L., 156. 
Grafton, duke of, xviii. 
Grand voyer, 68. 
Grant, Major, 52. 
Grafs to be guarded, 59. 
Grattan, Enf. John, 179. 
Gray, Capt., 8l, 



Great Britain, war with, 171. 

wood, 2 !. 
Green, Capt., 19. 

died, 21. 

Charles, I 79. 
Grenadier companies, 93, 167. 

regt., officers of, I 57. 
Grenadiers, 1 , 103. 
Gricr, Enf. Robert, 179. 
Grimpe, Enf. E., 163, iSo. 
Guadaloupe, loi. 

expedition, 92. 
Guard infulted, 45. 

for boats, 12. 
Guards, 106. 

parade of, 6. 
Gueft, Colonel, 168. 
Gun boats with movable Aides, 112. 

carriages with inclined planes, 
1 12. 

firing, 6, 40. 

not to be fired, 7. 
Gwynne, Enf. Daniel, 179. 

UABERLIN, R. Gott., 162. 
•*--*■ Hadden, Lieut., 115. 
Hair, cropping introduced, 174. 
Haldimand, Gen., 15, 20. 

Sir Fred., 54. 
Halifax, 149. 

Hambach, A. W. von, 157. 
Hamihon, Brig. Gen., 11, 28, 29, 
35, 67, 91, 102, 1 16, 177. 

died, 23. 

his pofition, 190. 

Enf., 19, 22. 
Hanbury, Mr., 92. 
Hannemann, J. C, 164. 
Harbord, Gott. B., 161, 180. 
Harnage, Maj., 27, 106, 177, 185. 

Mrs., 27. 

Sir George, 27. 



206 



Index. 



Harnage, Mary, 27. 
Oftavia, 27. 
Wm. -Henry, 27. 
Harnefs makers, 57. 
Harrington, Capt., 54. 

earl, 167. 
Harris, Walter, 90. 
Hartley's regt., 168. 
Harz, John Fried., 158. 
Havana, 69. 
Haverfacks, 29. 
Hawker, Capt. Geo., 178. 
Hayes, Doftor, 175. 
Head quarters, 27, 30, 31, 39, 58, 
60, 61, 66, 68, 73, 102, 
119. 
Sandy BliifF, 2. 
River Bouquet, 7. 
Crown point, 8, 10, II, 13, 16, 

20. 
Near the redoubts, I, 128. 
Ticonderoga, 22, 24, 26, 28. 
Skene/borough, 29, 30, 32, 36, 
37. 39. 40. 41. 4Z» 44. 
46, 47- 
Fort Anne, 55, 57. 
Pitch Pine Plains, 58. 
Fort Edward, 60, 61, 63, 64, 

65, 67, 68, 70, 71. 
Duer's Hoiife, 72, 73, 76, 77, 
78, 80, 81, 82,84,86, 87, 
88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 

97. 98. 
Battenkill, 98, 99. 
Saratoga, lot, 105, 106, 129, 

130, 131. 
Dovogot, 108, 109, 129. 
Sword's Farm, 112, 113. 
Freeman's Houfe, I 14. 
Freeman's Farm, 114, 117, 118, 

1 19, 122, 124, 126, 127, 

128. 



'53- 



Head quarters, its pofition in line of 

battle, I go. 
Health, 4. 

Heerwagen, x'\djt., 180. 
Hcgemann, Ens. G. L., 164. 
Heildebach, T. F., 181. 
Helmeke, A. W., 157, 180. 
Helmor, Capt. P., 178. 
Heman, Capt. J. W , 177. 
Henkel, furgeon, 157. 
Hepburn, Lt. John, 178. 
Herkimer's battle, killed at, 
Hertel, D. Arnold, 162. 
Hervcy, Ens. Geo., 179. 
Hefller, Curt von, 160, 180. 
Hefle Hannau regt., 31, 63, 
Higginbotham, R., 179. 
Hill, 74. 

Lt. Col., 10, 24, 33, 46, 59, 
60, 63, 67, 69, 72,73,77, 
80, 82, 87, 91, 94, 97, 
105, 177. _ 

port on fuminit, 31. 
Hille, Maj. W. von, 14, 158. 
Hoakfley, Robert, 30, 33, 179. 
Hobart, Lt M., 178. 
Holmes, John, 177. 
Horfes, 67. 

prefervation of, 59. 

army, 40. 

fales of, 86, 89. 

and carts, 48, 49. 

to be forwarded, 56. 

infpeilor of, 85. 

improper ufe of, 85, 86. 

not to be bought from favages, 

not to be ill-treated, 105. 
alfiftant contraftor, 106. 
not to be uled by officers, 77. 
ftolen, 89. 
furrendered, I, 54. 



Index. 



207 



Hofmer, Capt. Thos., 177. 
Hofpital, 24, 45, 107, 119. 

at Three-mile point, 26. 

barracks, 177. 

arms of men in, I 25. 

general, 40. 

guard, 26, 97. 

matron, 176. 

Ilorekcepers, 94. 
Hoftages lent to Quebec, 44. 
Houfe for provoll, 49. 
Houfes, barricading, 2. 
Houghton, Lt. Wm., 178. 
Hoey, Enf. W., 179. 
Howth, carl of, 166. 
Howe, Gen., 136, 138, 145, 147. 

Lord, 108. 

Sir William, xxx. 
Hover, Lt. Wilhclm, 161, 180. 
Hubbardton, 32. 

battle, 53, 55, 149. 
Hubert, Lt. Minchin, 92. 
Hudden, Lt. James, 178. 
Hudfon, orders for crofling, 74, 75. 

rife of water, 77. 
Hughes, Maj., 106. 
Hundertfmark, Geo., 80. 

to be (hot, 8 1 . 
Huts for trafKck, 44. 

INDEPENDENCE, German 
troops employed to crulh, 
103. 
premeditated, 175. 
Burgoyne's defeat infurcd, v. 
Independent companies, 137, 146, 

'47- 
Indian camp, 45. 

department, abufes in, 54, 
Indians, 58, 59, 61, 64, 65, 78, 

100, 123, 187. 

and ma.rkfmen, 53, 

27 



Indians, traffick with, 45, 49. 

pofition of, 190. 

trouble with, 169, 170. 
Inflexible, 1 08, 109. 
Inhabitants, applications of, 66. 

Ifealing horfes, 89. 
Innes, Lt. B., 178. 
Innifkilling dragoons, 84. 
Irifh regiments, 62. 
Irving, Maj. Paulus ^milius, 8, 22, 

39, 46, 52, 165, 177. 
Ifland at Ft. Edward, 61. 

of Montreal, 42, 43. 

JAGER, Heinrich, 162, 180. 
regiment, 103, 163. 
James, Enf. Richard, 179. 
Jamefon, Capt. A., 178. 
Jeffup's corps, 1 16. 

pofition, 190. 
Johnfon, William, 74. 
Johnflon, Lt. Charles, 178. 

Sir John, 54. 
Jones, Capt. Thomas, 115. 

Daniel, 66, 187. 

David, 187. 

Lt. C. J., 179. 

Lt. Edw. T., 178. 

widow, 188. 

ferry, 188. 

brigade of complimented, 115, 
Jonefes removed to Canada, 189. 
Judge advocate, 96. 
Judges of Charlotte county, 182. 
Junius hollile to Burgoyne, xviii. 

KETTNER, A. H., 180. 
J. F. J., 163, 180. 
Kimmis, Lt. James, 178. 
King's troops, American foldiers 
expeftcd to join, 26. 
fuperior to American, 3. 



208 



/; 



?iaex. 



Kingfbury, 187. 

Kingfton, Maj. Robt., 44, 66. 

Lt. Col., 133, 135, 139, 140, 
141, 179. 
Kirkman, Capt. Thomas, 178. 

Maj., 1 1, 22. 
Knapfack, baggage in, 38. 
Kncfbeck, F. von dem, 158. 
Kohle, I 80. 
Kolte, Friedrich, I 59. 

Joh. Gott., 164. 
Konig, Ed. V. de, 158. 
Kunze, J. H., 164, 181. 

T ACHINE, 168. 
La Favette, 61. 
Lake Champlain fleet, 15. 
George, 124, 125. 

Canadians to return to, 

149. 
carrying place, 122. 
efcort over, 52. 
Ontario, 183, 

naval cftabllflijncnt at, i 5. 
Lakes, quitting of, 37. 
Lancarter, 23. 
Langerjahn, S. H., 158. 
, Languemeyer, 181. 
Lafhes, one thoufand, 74, 81, 118. 
Lawes, Capt. Geo., 46, 73, 75. 
Learned's tavern, 177. 
Leeward iflands, 75. 
troops, 21. 
Left wing, return of, 37. 
Legging, 192. 
Lcntz, Lt. Col., 12, 180. 
Letters for England, 39. 
Lexington battle, 16;. 
Lieutenant General, 177. 

no compliments to be paid to, 5. 
Light infantry, i. 
companies, 93. 



57. 



Lincoln, Gen., 1 1. 

Lind, Lt. Col., 12, 28,41,47, 

60, 64, 67, 70, 81, 82, 

92, 96, 98, 109, 1 14, 1 

118, 119, 122, 123, I 

127, 130, 131, 177. 

died, 41. 
Lindau, Lt. von, 180. 
Lindfay, Capt. W., 69, 178. 

Ens., 55. 
Line of battle, 102, 190. 

room to form, 4. 

if moved fuddenly, 1 2. 
Lippe, Count de la, xiii. 
Livingfton, Henry, 140. 
Liquor fold to favages, 24. 

fale regulated, 45, 49. 
Lohneyfen, A. D. von, 157, \\ 
Long, Col., 34. 

ifland, 104. 
Lofling's Pift. Field Book, 191. 
Lovell, Capt. James, 178. 
Louifiana, 86. 

territory, 170, 171. 
Lower crane, 73. 
Loyalifts, 75. 
Lucke, Maj. B. B. von, 22, 

1^9, 180. 
Lutheran lervice, 127. 
Lutzow, Aug. Conr. von, 162, I 
Lyman's army, 182. 



"N/TcALPIN'S corps, 116, 126. 
McComb, paymafter, 119. 
McCrea,Janc, 181, 182, 187, 188, 

189. 
McCulIoch, Com., 70. 
McDonald, furgeon, 126. 

Patrick, 81. 
McKay's corps, II 6. 
Mackenzie, Com., 28, 36, 62, 66, 
70. 



I?jdex. 



209 



McKcnzie, John, 179. 
McKoy's corps, iz6. 
McLally, Colin, 179. 
McLean, Capt., 92, 178. 

Brig. Gen., 76. 
McNeill, Lt. John, 178. 

Mrs., 183. 
Madeira wine, 72. 
Magazine at Chimney point, 1 8. 

veifel, 13. 

halt for, 76. 

tranfport of, 36, 38. 
Maibom, C. Ch. von, i6i, 180. 

J. C. von, 155. 
Main guard to ceafe, 50. 
Major of the day, duties of, 6. 
Malloy, 189. 
Malta, 21. 

Marauding punifhed, 66. 
Marching, exercifes in, 6. 
Maria, vefle), 1. 
Markmen augmented, 91. 

company of, 53. 
Marlay, Capt. Geo., 178. 
Marr, Capt. Henry, 178. 
Martinique, 75. 

expedition to, 17, 92. 
Maryland grant to Gen. Wilkinfon, 

172. 
Maflachufetts bay, 145, 1 46. 
Mailer, Capt. R., 178. 
Matthews, Lt. L., 179. 
Maumee, ba'.lle of, 170. 
Maunfell, Lt. Sewall, 178. 
Maxwell, Capt. Wm,, 178. 

Lt. Ham, 178. 
May, Enf. Henry, 19, 179. 
Meat allowed wounded, 119. 
cold, 29. 

frefli, 130. 

traffickers in fought for, 125. 
old, to be burnt, 60. 



Meat, fait, delivered, 47. 
Medals ftruck in honor of the fur- 
render, 191. 
Mcdford, 177. 

Britifh quartered, 176. 
Mcibom, Enf., (fee Maibom). 
Meijcrn, Lt., 180. 
Mcllhcimer, Carl, 156. 
Melville, .'ilex., 179. 
Mengen, O. C. .\: von, 161, 180. 
Menotomy road, 177. 

pond, 177. 
Merida, Enf E. F., 179. 
Meyer, F. L. E., 160. 

Joh. And., 157. 

Joh. Hcin., i6z. 

Lt., 180. 

Lt. Andreas, 164. 

Lt. De, 1 80. 
Meyern, Joh. Jac. von, 157. 

L. G. von, 161. 
Mexico, 172. 
Michilimackinac, 54, 170. 
Military cheft faved, 142. 

law, 84. 

port at Point au fer, 23. 

road, 182. 
Milius, Joh. Aug., 162, 180. 
Milkau, C. F. von, 163, 1 80. 
Minden, feats of Britifh regiments 

at, 142. 
Miffiffippi ter. organized, 170. 
Miffburi, 170. 
Mobile reduced, 1 71. 

point fortified, 171. 
Modrach, Ch. H., 160, 180. 
Mohawk river expedition, 54. 
Money, Capt. John, 84, 100, 12 1. 

died, 85. 

R. M., 179. 
Morigon, Maj., 17. 
Monin, Capt., 68, 120. 



2IO 



Index. 



Monin, company of, 68. 

pofidon ot, 190. 
Montgomery's Highlanders, 53. 
Monthly returns to be made, 8. 
Montreal, 68. 

diftria Maj. of, 20. 

ifland of, 42. 
Moodie, Alexander, 179. 
Moon, Enf, James, 179. 
Morgan, Charles, 179. 
Morgenftern, Capt., 180. 

Lt., 180. 

C Fr., 161. 

Joh. Carl, 161. 
Morrifon, Norman, 1 8 1. 
Mofs ftreet, I 87. 
Mt. Independence, 166. 

taken, 28. 
Muhlcnfeldt, C. A, L., 164. 
Muir, Brig. Maj., 8, 13, 28. 
Munchhoff, cliaplain, 1 63. 
Munroc, Capt., 72. 
Mure, Lt. Wm., 178. 
Murray, Lt. James, 178. 
Mufket cartridges, i 3. 
Mufical inftrumcnts introduced in 

army, 174. 
Mufter, enfuing, 51. 

rolls, 62. 
Mutiny ad, 84. 
Muzell, L. C. von, 157, 180. 

ATAPIER, Lieut., 178. 
"^^ Natchez, 170, 173. 
New Hamplhire militia, 11. 

regt., colors taken, 34. 
New Orleans, 1 7 1. 

trade with, 169. 
New Perth, 183. 
Ncwfpapers fuppreffed, 150. 
Niagara, 42. 
Niles's Weekly Regifter, 173. 



Ninth foot, 33, 52, 81, 84, 9T, 92, 
124. 
rcg-. 33. 3+. 52, 65, 69, 81, 
86, 91, 92, 108. 
enfign in, 168. 
Nineteenth foot, 33. 
Noble, Ens. Wm., 179. 
Northern army, 168. 

frontier, armv of, 171. 
North Hoofick, 83. 
Norman, Lt, Richard, 1 78. 
Norton, Dr., 181. 
Nuifances to be abated, 60. 
Nutt, Lt. Anfon, 178. 

/^ATH of allegiance, 38, 70. 
^~^ Obedience to be maintained, 2. 
O'Connel, Lau., 155. 
O'Donncl, P., 179. 
Offenders not to be fcreened, 25. 
Officers, baggage reftricted, 37. 
commiflions, dates of, 8. 
condu6l commended, 24. 
inftruttion to, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. 
not to ufe king's horfcs, yj. 
names of Britilh, 177. 

of Brunfwick regts., 155. 
German, 180. 
old, Co be embodied, 75. 
reprimand of, 99. 
refponfible for obedience to 

orders, 41. 
to bear defpatches, 138, 147. 
to be quartered according to 

rank, 146. 
admitted on parole, 147. 
took up with foldiers' tents, 38. 
to retain baggage, 134, 137, 

146. 
not to be feparated from men, 

137, 146. 
to retain their horfes, 145, 146. 



Index. 



211 



Ogdenfburg, 42, 
Oliio, Indian war on, 170. 
Old fort, 136, 144. 
Oldekop, F. E., 163, 180. 
Orchard, Ens. Thos., 179. 
Orders for campaign, I 2. 

daily, how to be diftributed, 80. 

to be executed punftually, 19. 
Ofwcgatchie, 42. 
Oiitpolls, 5, 19. 

to fortify, 2. 

to be vifited, 6. 
Ovens, not poffible always to con- 

ftrutt, 7. 
Ox teams, 56, 67. 

impeded, 58. 

DACE, to acquire uniformity, 6. 

Paper for cartridges, 36. 
Papers relative to convention, 132. 

to be fent adjt. gen., 30. 
Parole: St. Agatha, 28. 

St. Peters, 2, 20, St. Stephen, 28, 

91. 119. 

St. Mark, 7,90, St. Martha, 29. 
128. St. Simeon, 30. 

St. Mary, 7, 82, St. Agnes, 32, 

1 24. 80. 

St. George, 7. St. Euftage, 32. 
St. Marguerite, 7 Eloifa, 36. 
St. Julien, 8. St. Abclard, 37 
St. Anthony, 8. St. Dorothy, 39 
St. James, 10, St. Jofcph, 40, 



131- 
St. Patrick, 11, 

113. 
St. Francis, 13. 
St. David, 16. 
St. Theodorius, 

22. 



65,87, 131 
St. Alexander, 

41- 
St. Silveftre, 42. 
St. Louifa, 44, 

106, 1 15. 
St. Barbara, 46. 



St. Honora, 24. St. Timothy, 46 
St. Hillary, 26. St. Cecilia, 47. 



St. Clement, 47 
St. Bridget, 47. 
St. Rofalind, 52 
St. Matthew, 

55, 129. 
St. Bernard, 57. 
St. Edward, 58 
St. Gervas, 60. 
St. Bafil, 60. 
St. Thomas, 61 
St. Sabine, 63. 
Xavier, 63. 
St. Adelaide, 64 
St. James, 64. 
St. Lucrece, 67. 
St. Anno, 67. 
St. David, 67, 
St. Pierre, 
St. Mathias, 70. 
St. Luc, 70. 
St. John, 71. 
St. Valentine, 

12. 
St. Theodofia, 

73- 
St. Lawrence, 

73- 
St. Ferdinand, 

76. _ 
St. Louis, 77. 
St. Anthony, 78 
St. Matilda, 78. 
St. Joan, 80. 
St. Cecilia, 81. 
St. Magdalen, 

84. 
St. Charles, 88. 
St. James, 90. 
St. Gertrude, 92 
St. Paul, 93. 
St. Timothy, 93 



St. Alban, 94. 
St. Phillip, 96. 
St. George, 96. 
St. Vincent, 97 
St. Thomas, 98. 
St. Margaret, 

98. 
St. Michael, 99 
St. Nicholas, 

lOI. 

St. Jerome, 105 
St. John, 109. 
St. Honora, 1 1 2 
St. Euftatia, 1 14 
St. Andrew, 1 14 
St. Edmund, 
117. 
68. St. Charlotte, 



St. Rupert, 1 1 8 
St. Dorothy 

119. 
St. Jofcpha, 1 19 
St. Charles, I 22, 

128. 
St. Ann, 122. 
St. Raphael, 

I23._ 

St. Elfrida, 124 
St. Clara, 1 26. 
St. Cloud, I 26. 
St. Omer, i 27. 
St. John, 127. 
St. Julia, 129. 
St. Maurice, 

130. 
St. Albinia, I 30 
St. Michael, 1 30 
St. Elizabeth, 

130. 
St. Jullian, 130. 



212 



Index. 



Papct, Aug. Wil. von, 163, 180. 

F. J. von, 160. 
Park, John, 179. 
Parliament members taken, 153. 
Parole of officers, 23, 34, 147, 176. 
Parver, Enf. James, 179. 
Faflern, Maj., 24, 180. 
Paifports for the officers, 147. 

for baggage, 148. 
Patrols around camp, 41. 

of provofl, 49. 

to be fcnt out, 106. 
Paufch, Capt., 1 80. 
Paymallers, 98, 119, 179. 

Gen. guard tor, 97, 98. 
Peace concluded, 172. 
Pemberton, W., 179. 
Pennfylvania, German prifoners fent 

to, 104. 
Pcnobfcot, operations on, 149. 
Percey, Enf. John, 179. 
Perfons not to be terrified, 30. 
Pcters's corps, 116, 187, 190. 
Peterborough, (error, fee Peterfham). 
Peterfburg, 61. 
Peterffiam, Lord, 38, 1 67. 
Peterfen, Lt. C. L., 160, 180. 
Petrie, Capt. Geo., 178. 
Pilmor, Capt. H., 178. 
Pincier, Ch. T. von, 161. 
Pine plains, 1 87. 
Pioneers, 100. 

Piquet, 50, 65, 69, 74, 81, loi, 
102, 106, 121. 

to form before funfet, 1 5. 

what to confift of, 6. 

regulations in certain cafes, 9. 
Pittfburg, 170. 

Pfliiger, Joh. Fried., 164, 180. 
Phil, medical fchool, 168. 
Phillips, Maj. Gen., 9, 15, zo, 36, 
77, 89, 100, 102, 177, 184. 



Phillips complimented, 115, 

quarters, 60. 
Plain near Fort Edward, 58. 
Plates, lift of, X. 
Pleffien, L. F. F. B. von, 162. 
Plunder, orders concerning, 30. 

prohibited, 4. 
Poc, Lt. T., 178. 
Point au diable, 42. 

au fer, 23. 
Pollnitz, J. L. A. von, 161, 181. 
Pontoons impradlicable, iio. 
Polls of battle, 31. 

quitted on private bufinefs, 99. 

to be maintained, 3. 
Powder and ball, 36. 

to be collcdted, 29. 
Powell, Brig. Gen., 8, 10, II, 13, 
28, 48, 57, 67, 124. 

John, J 79. 

his pofition, 190. 
Power, Enf. James, 179. 
Pralle, Surgeon, 162, 181. 
Pratorius, Lt. CoL, 10, 103, 157. 
Preliminary articles, 136, 139. 
PrefTes feized, I 50. 
Price, Or. Mafter, 19. 
Prince.'^Lt. W., 178. 

.Frederick's reg., 28, 103. 
officers of, 157. 
Prifoners, 96, 1 1 3. 

American, 32. 

Britilli, 153. 

brought in, 77. 

exchanged, 43, 44. 

fent to Ft. George, 64. 

fent to Ti., 47. 

taken, 122. 
Promotions, 52. 
Protedions, 70. 

applications for, 66. 

taken, 183. 



I?jdex. 



213 



Provincials, 100. 

commiflary to, 90. 

corps, 76, 94, 1 16. 
unarmed, 65. 

in rear, 51. 

notice to, 85. 

paymafter to, iig. 
Provifions, 29, 30, 42, 50, 51, 56, 
57, 58,59, 62,69,71, 73, 
86, 87,90, 93,96,97, 98, 
100, loi, 105, 107, 1 22, 
124. 125, 127, 129, 145. 

clandcftine, 72. 

tranfport impeded, 58, 

brigade commiflary, I 20. 

carts, 67. 

cooked, 8, 25. 

delivered, 14. 

for liofpital, 26. 

landed, 45. 

ncceffity for economy in, 99. 

delivery reftridled, xxvi, 100. 

train, 77, 78. 

unloading, 9. 
Provoft, 72, 125. 

Atherton, 49. 

guard, 50. 

to abate nuifanccs, 60. 

to punifli ftragglers, 4. 
Public faith engaged, 147. 

money, economy ot, 109. 
Piikler, Graf von, 1 So. 
Punifhmcnt, corporal, 24. 

QUARTER Guards, 5. 
mailers, 25, 30, 71, 73, 
93, 104, 105, 128, 129, 
179. 
mailer general, 4, 48, 96, 1 27. 
department of, 89. 
Quebec, XX, 149, 164, 166, 167. 



Quebec dock yard, 109. 
Riedefel at, 104. 
troops land at, 63. 

"D ABE, Alb. Chr., 164. 
-*-^ Rafts to be conllrufted, 71. 
Raimbault St. Blain, 68. 
Rank and file, 106. 

how eflablilhed, 23. 
Rapids at Ft. Miller, 75, 76. 
Rations, 35. 

at ufual rates, 145. 

one pound, 125, 128. 

reduced, 87. 

return to be made, 9, 100. 
Rantzau, E A. C. von, 164. 
Ravine, 25, 121. 
Rawdon, Lt. George, 178. 
Read's N. H. Regt., 168. 
Reade, Lt. G. H., 178. 
Rear guard, 5 1. 
Rebel foldiers well afFefted, 25. 
Reckrodt, C. F. von, 156. 
Red houfe, 50, 58, 181. 
Redeken, Fried, von, 163. 
Redoubt above the bridge, loz. 
Reed, Lt. Thomas, 17S. 
Regiments to parade, 16. 

pofition ot, 190. 
Reinerding, C. W., 159. 
Reinking, C. F. von, 156. 

F. Carl, 161, 180. 
Reitzenllein, G. C. von, 158. 
Remington's houfe, 177. 
Referve of 300 men, 126. 
Retreat beating, 41. 

when juftifiable, 3. 
Reveille, 51, 126. 

to ceafe, 1 7. 
Reward for emiflaries, 79. 
Rhenius, Ens. W. L., 164, 180, 
Rhetz reg., 65. 103, 159. 



214- 



Index. 



Richterdeben, Enf., i8o. 
Riedelel, Maj. Gen., xxxiv, 7, 8, 
II, 14, 17, 33, 35, 37, 
48, 58, 100, 103, 104, 
107, 115, 126, 142, 152, 
155, 180. 
portrait of, 192. 
Madam, 104, 184. 
Ricdefel's camp, 40. 

dragoons, i, 27, 31, 36, 51, 

57. 58, 60. 83- 
ftaff, 165. 

reg. of infantry, 165. 

reg., 68, 6g, 103, 160, 161. 
Riflemen, 53. 
Rifle battalion, 103. 

pieces, reliance upon, 103. 

regiment, 163. 
Rimington, Lt. S., 178. 
Ritcr's tavern, 174. 
Road of communication, 25. 
Roads to be made, 40, 1 1 4. 

nature of, 56. 

proper to be taken, 102. 

repair of, 65. 
Robbery, trial for, 74. 
Robcrton, Lt., 10, 96. 

engineer, 65. 
Robcrtfon, Brig. Com., go. 
Rogers, Halfey, 188 
Rohr, Lt. C. F., 164, 180. 
Roi, A. A. H. du, 163, 180. 

A. W. du, 158. 
Roll call, 80. 

ftipulated for, 146. 

to be called, 62. 

at uncertain hours, 41. 
Rollinfon, Capt. J., 178. 
Rofenberg, F. A., 158. 
Rofs, Gen. approaches Wafhington 

city, 171. 
Rotton, Lt. John, 179. 



Round tent, 86, 96. 
Rouflcau, J., I 79. 

com. of ftaff, 35. 
Royal Am. reg., 91. 

artillery, 20, 32, 60. 

engineers, 65. 

George, 29, 30. 

Highland emigrants, 76. 
Riibbifli to be burnt, 60. 
Rudolphi, Lt. O. H., 157, 180. 
Rum, 12 barrels, 128. 

found, 72. 

refrefhment of, 28. 
Rutland, 163. 

OAILORS, 137, 146, 147. 

^ Saintwick mills, affair, 82, 83. 

St. Anne's, 43, 63. 

St. Domingo, 87, 

St. John's naval department, 108. 

veffels built at, 109. 

army fet out from, xxii. 

fiege of, 68. 
St. Lawrence, Elizabeth, 166. 
St. Louis, 170. 
Salans, Baron, 72, 168. 
Salem meeting houfe, 183. 
Salt, prefervation of, 97. 

provifion ufual, 128. 
Sander, Jacob C, 158. 
Sandy Hill, 187. 
Saratoga, Britifli lofs at, I 53, 154, 

battle of, V. 
Sartorius, qr. mart., 180. 
Savages, corps of, 46. 

liquor fold to, 24, 2;. 

not to fire upon fmgle men, 26. 

not to fell horfes, 27. 

to punifh ftragglers, 4, 
Scalping, 123. 
Scalps of deferters, 79. 
Schaften, Capt., 180. 



Index. 



215 



Schank, Capt. John, 15, 98, 107. 

died, 1 12. 
Scheel, Capt., 180. 
Schick, G. D, von, 157. 
SchlagcnteufFc], Adolph. von, 156. 

Carl, 155. 

G. von, 162. 

Ludewig von, I 59.1 
Schmidt, auditor, 160, 181. 
Schonewald, Joh. F., 156. 
Schottclius, M. C. L., 164, 180. 
Schrader, F. W. C, 159, 180. 

Joh. Fr., 160. 
Schroder, E. Chr., 158. 
Schuyler, Col. Philip, 182. 

Gen., 104. 

his carriage, 152. 

houfe, 107, 141. 
Scott, Capt., 30. 

Capt. Thos., 53, 55. 
Scouts, 1 1 8. 
Second brigade, 21, 23, 25, 30, 

3'. 43- 
Sentence to be (hot, 68, 81. 

executed, 82. 
Sentries, advanced, 3. 
Servants, rations of, 88. 
Service, lofs fuftained by, 113. 
Seventy-fixth reg., 75. 
Sheen, Wm., tried, 69, 74. 
Shehan, Patrick, 118. 
Sheldon, Capt. James, 178. 
Sherborne, Maj., 43. 
Sherwood, Adiel, 183. 
Shlagel, Lt. G. E., 178. 
Shrimpton, Capt. John, 178. 
Sick, 94, 95. 

number of, 153. 

orders refpedUng, 4;, 48. 

1 Of thefe four captains, but two figned 
the parole, p. 180. 

28 



Sick, removal of, 97. 

return of, 40. 

to be collefted, 76. 
Side arms permitted, 147. 
Siebert, Lt., 180. 
Signal for moving, i 2. 
Simpion, Capt. Noah, 178. 
Six buildings, 173. 
Sixteenth foot, 149. 

light dragoons, xviii. 
Sixty-firfl: foot, 75. 
Sixty-fecond foot, loi. 
Sixty-fourth foot, 10. 
Sixty-fecond reg., 18, 27, 28, 50, 
67, 118. 

colors of, 142. 
Sixty-feventy reg., 130. 
Sixty-fixth reg., 44. 
Sixty-third foot, loi. 
Skene, Col., 30, 66. 

Lieut., 98. 

Ma,j., 70. 

Phihp, 38, 179. 
Skenelborough, xxiii, 56, 57, 58, 
59, 125, 188. 

detachment left at, 48, 50. 

field officer over, 52. 

feu dc joie at, 35. 

houfe, 3 I, 
Smith, Hill. Canada, 44. 

Lt. W. P., 178. 
Smyth, Patrick, 182. 

Dr. James, 182. 

Charles, 183. 

houfe, 183. 

his loyalifts, 183. 
Snoot kill, 188. 
Soldiers, attachment of, 65. 

life property of the king, 113. 

traffick with, 49. 
Sommerlatte, O. A. von, 156. 
Sone, Samuel, 179. 



2l6 



Index. 



Sotheron, Capt. H., 178. 
South bay, 28. 
South-weftern frontier, 170. 
Spangenberg, Lt. C. D., 180. 
Specht, Brig. Gen., 10, 13, 28, 97, 
103, 126, 180. 

Col. Joh. Fr., 162. 

J.J. A., 164. 

his brigade, 31. 
pofition, 190. 
regiment, 162. 
Speth, Lt. Col. E. L. W. von, 103, 

161. 
Spies, how received, 5. 
Spurs, golden, 169, 173. 
Spy, rifk of, 54. 
Stanhope, Charles, 167. 
Standing regulations, 2. 
Stanley, Lady Charlotte, xii. 
Stapylton, Capt., 92. 
Stark's regiment, 1 83. 
State of the Expedition, xxxi, 1 86, 

187, 19'- 
Steele, Lt. J., 178. 

Lt. R., 178. 

Lt. Thos., 178. 
Sternberg, Joh. Chr., 1 59. 
Stephens, Enf G., 179. 
Stillwater, battle of, xxv, 27, 
Stirrups, golden, 173. 
Stores, 66. 

at Ft. Edward, 70. 

to be collefted, 29. 

to be delivered up, 134. 

quantity furrendered, 1 54. 
Storey, Lt. Thomas, 178. 
Storming when pofTible, 3. 
Stragglers, 4, 8, 40, 61, 66. 

to be made prifoners, 41. 

to be hanged, 113. 

to be taken up, 51. 
Strangway, Capt. S., 178. 



Stratagems, Americans fitted for, 3. 
Strevcly, Lt. Jofeph, 178. 
Stuart, foreman of caulkers, 15, 19. 
Stutzer, J. Bait., 156. 
Sutlers, 44, 49. 

orders to, 24, 85. 
Subalterns, rations of, 88. 
Subordinate articles, 139. 
Subordination to be maintained, 2. 
Subfiftence, 98. 
Supernumeraries, 93. 
Supplies cut off, 1 1 . 

difficulty of croffing lake, 13. 
Surgeons, American, 175. 

of hofpital, 94. 

of regiments, 94, 95. 
Surinam, 21. 

Sutherland, Lt. Col., 17, 36, 44, 
47. 61, 65, 118, is'i, 177. 

died, 17. 
Swan's fhop, 177. 
Swettenham, Capt. George, 178. 

npASSELEBEND, 68. 

■*■ Teams, 73, 77. 
Tenneffee, tribes fouth of, 170. 
Tents, 29, 31, 51, 56, 65, 71, 88, 
102, 106. 

general's, 18. 

of officers, 5. 

to be ftruck, 12. 
Texas, Spaniards in, 1 70. 

grant of land in, 172. 
Theobald, chaplain, i 80. 
Third reg. foot guards, 175. 
Thirteenth foot, 33. 
Thirty-firfl: foot, 20. 
reg., 19, 52. 
Thirty-fourth reg., 86. 
Thoma, Capt. G. L., 163, 
Thomas, auditor, 156. 



Indi 



ex. 



217 



Thompfon's rifle comp., 168. 
Thomfon, Lt. H. T., 178. 
Thornton, J. Wingate, xxxiv, 177, 

181. 
Three mile point, 25, 26, 27, 28. 
Three Rivers, 1 59. 

battle, 15, 84, 149, 166. 
Ticonderoga, 21, 38, 43, 47, 51, 
53. 59. 67, 68, 86, 95, 
166, 168. 

governor of, 38. 

attempt upon, xxvi, izz. 

Britifh taken at, 153. 

Amer. driven from, xxiii, 32. 

evacuated, 1 1 . 

feu de joie at, 35. 

hofpital at, 35, 40. 

magazine at, 36. 

inverted, 15. 

taken, 28. 
Tierce, Peter B., 181. 
Togel, Chr. Tim., 160, 180. 
Tolls, order concerning, 10. 
Torphichcn, Lt., 177. 
Torriano, Lt. Charles, 120, 178. 
Townfcnd, Dr., 176. 

Robert, v. 
Traffick regulated, 44. 
Treaty of convention figned, 131, 
144. 

articles of, 144. 

of Grenville, 170. 
Trees, felling of for defence, 2. 

when to be cut, 5. 
Troop to beat, 95. 
Troops to be practifed, 71. 

diflurbance among, 45. 

how to be exercifed, 191. 

impediments to progrefs of, 
no. 
Trott, Chr. Wm., 157, 180. 

Capt., 180. 



Troy, court martial at, 172. 
Trudeau, Mifs, 171. 
Tuft's houfe, 177. 
Tunterfeld, C. A. H. von, 1 58. 
Tuttlc, John and William, 188. 
Twentieth foot, 41, 56, 120. 
reg., 65, 67, 69, 81, lOI, 
120. 
Twenty-firft reg., 63, 69, 81, 92. 
fuzileers, 11, 17, 23, 44, 

91,92. 
North Britifh royal fuzileers, 

22. 

Twenty-fourth foot, 53. 

reg., 23, 31, 52, 53, 55, 90, 
166. 
Twenty-ninth reg., 55, 62, 167. 
Twifs, Lieut., 9, 14, 23. 

died, 16. 

T JHLIG, Hein. Wm., 157, 180. 
^ Ulmenftein, S. J. A. von, 1 63, 

180. 
Unger, F. B. von, 163, 180. 
Joh. L. von, 160, 180. 
Unverzagt, Ludwig, 161. 
Upper manor, 140. 

T/'ALLANCY, Lt., 43, 50, 76, 
1 14, 122. 

George, 179. 
Valcour ifland battle, 15. 
Vandeput, admiral, 108. 
Van Schaick's mill, 83. 
Vaughan's army, 166. 
Veflels blown up, 32. 

new conftru6lion, 108. 
Vignong, Enf., 120. 
Vigors, Capt. N. A , 178. 
Virginia, 61. 

German prifoners fent to, 1 04, 
181. 



2l8 



Indi 



ex. 



Vincent, Lt. George, 178. 
Volckmar, F. W., 158. 
Volante, 174. 
Volunteers, 35. 
Von PafTern, 24, 1 80, 

Vy ABASH Indians, 169. 
' *^ Wagon mafter, 38, 56. 

gen., 67, 72, 77, 
121. 
Waliier, Capt. Elias, 177. 
Wallmoden, G. T. F. von, 157. 
Wallomfcoick creek, 83. 
War, chances of, 76. 

accidents of, 83. 

laft, 38. 
Ward, Lt. B. G., 179. 
Wafhington, Gen., 177. 

city threatened by Britifli, 171. 

rcfidcnce in, 173. 

county, 182. 

courts, 183. 

veflel, 9. 
Water, fetching of, 62 
Watertown, 176, 177. 

Britifh quartered, 176. 
Watfon, Charles, 179. 

James F., 173. 
Wayne's army, 170. 
Weather, heat of, 28. 

wet, 39. 
Weekly Ibtes to be fent in, 8. 
Wemyfs, Capt. Francis, 178. 
Well Indies, 27. 

India iflands, 10. 
Wellern fliore treafurer, 172. 
Weftrop, Lieut., killed, 52. 
Wcyhers, Enf von, 180. 
Wheat, Lt. Clifton, 178. 
Whigs in high fpirits, 188. 
White creek, 83. 
Whipping, 74, 118. 
Wiefener, Chr. Fried., 158. 



Wilcox, Capt., 100. 
Wilford, R. R., 179. 
Wilkinfon, Lt. Wm., <!o, 179. v 

Lt. Col., 34, 140, 143, 144, 
149, 151, 168, 175. 

fword voted to, 169. 

golden fpurs propofed, 169. 

fee. board of war, 169. 

memoirs of, xxxiv, 172, 174, 

died in Mexico, 172. 
Williams, Lt. Charles, 178. 
Willoe, Capt. J., )8o. 
Wilmington taken, 149. 
Wincheller, Capt. R. W., 178. 
Wine of an officer, I ig. 
Wings of army feparated, g. 
Winterfchmitz, G. J., 157, 180. 
Wolfe, Gen., 184. 
Wolgart, A. T. G., 161.. 

Job. Gott., 158. 
Wolpers, P. C. F., 159. 
Women for hofpital, 45. 

orders to, 24. 

rations for, 9. 

traffick with, 49. 

to follow army, I g I . 
Wood, Vine'., 179. 
Woodthorp, Richard, 179. 
Working party, 22, 27, 28, 40, 42, 

46, 73, 75, 76, 98. 
Wounded, Britifh, I 5 3. 

care of, 45. 

comfort of, 119. 

fent to Ticonderoga, 35. 
Wylde, G., 179. 



Y 



EAR of the great burning, 1 8g. 
Yellow houfe, old, 183. 



yiELBERG, G. E von, 158. 
■^ Zinken, C. Fr., l6z, 181. 









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